LEISURE    閑閑

PEACEFUL BECAUSE one LACKS DUTY to WORK.
FREE TIMESPARE TIMETIME OFFRECREATIONRELAXATIONINACTIVITYPLEASUREINFORMAL R AND RDOWNTIME
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general term for the period of time not occupied by working is xián 閒 (ant. QIMIN YAOSHU 忙 "busy"). 2. Xiá 暇 refers specifically to the time of leisure between working spells. 3. Jià 假 refers to an extended period free from official obligations, a holiday, and the word is marginal in this group. 4. Yóu 游 / 遊 refers to the leisure-activities during one's free time. 5. Kòng 空 refers abstractly to unoccupied time as such. 6. Xián 嫻 / 閑 refers specifically to the kind of free and easy attitude one has during one's free time, but also to the work-free nature of something, and the word is often used as an adjective. 7. Yàn 燕 and yàn 宴 refers to leisure time with a special focus on this time as an occasion for pleasure and enjoyment, often including food and music.
Modern Chinese Criteria
安閒 / 安閑 安適 安逸 悠閒 清閒 / 清閑
See also
  • COMFORTABLEPEACEFUL:at-ease BECAUSE what one NEEDS is PREPARED:provided.
Hypernym
  • PEACEFUL　DELIGHTFUL BECAUSE ORDERLY AND LACKING CHAOS. (anc: 7/0, child: 5)
  • ORDERLY　APPROPRIATE as to how the MANY PARTS of something SHOULD BE. (anc: 6/0, child: 2)
  • APPROPRIATE　EXCELLENT in a DEFINED SITUATION OR FOR a DEFINED NEED. (anc: 5/0, child: 8)
Other Hypernyms
  • PEACEFULnew-fb805c52-9efb-44d1-805c-529efbf4d1fe　DELIGHTFUL BECAUSE ORDERLY AND LACKING CHAOS. (anc: 13/0, child: 5)
  • DELIGHT　INTENSELY GOOD FEELING IN-RELATION-TO something NOW.*The joy of the enjoyer X over something enjoyed Y. (anc: 12/0, child: 10)
  • FEELING　NATURAL REACTION IN one's MIND. (anc: 11/0, child: 17)
  • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p.

    OTIUM

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    LEISURE

    vacare means to have one's time free.

    otiari is to be at leaisure and not at work.

    feriari is to enjoy a holiday.

    cessare is to make a half-holiday and enjoy a short break in work.

    nihil agere is to do nothing in particular.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    OTIUM

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 6.257

    MUSSE

  • 古辭辨 Gu ci bian ( WANG FENGYANG 1993) p. 14

  • Histoire des moeurs ( POIRIER 1991) p. 2.1186-1307

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 8

  • 現代漢語同義詞詞典 ( LIU SHUXIN 1987) p. 7

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 2.34:28

    LOISIR.OISIVETE; OISIF.OISEUX

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 60A

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 83A

    • Words (29 items)

    暇  xiá OC: ɡraas MC: ɦɣɛ 18 Attributions

    Xiá 暇 refers specifically to the time of leisure between working spells.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 閑 / 閑閒/LEISURE The current general term for the period of time not occupied by working is xián 閒 (ant. QIMIN YAOSHU 忙 "busy").

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-Nleisure from N, free time from N
    • vadNleisure (time, day)
    • vadVat leisure, idly
    • vipscyhologicalbe at leisure
    • vt( V[0]）omhave the leisure for the contextually determinate thing
    • vt+V[0]have the time to, have the opportunity to
    • vtoNcausativecause (oneself) to be at leisure
    • vtpostVhave the time to V (preposed verbal object)
    閑  xián OC: ɢreen MC: ɦɣɛn
    閑閒  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 12 Attributions

    The current general term for the period of time not occupied by working is xián 閒 (ant. QIMIN YAOSHU 忙 "busy").

      Word relations

      Syntactic words
    • vadNunengaged in irrelevant duties; unbusy, undisturbed (both of places and people); idle (of things)
    • vadNfigurativeidle; irrelevant; (not pertaining to a substance)
    • vadVin a leisurely fashion
    • vadVnegativeidely, in vain, in an irrelevant way
    • vibe unengaged in irrelevant duties; be free and easy; feel at ease, feel at leisure
    • vt(+V[0])have the leisure to perform the contextually determinate action V
    從容  cōng róng OC: tshoŋ k-loŋ MC: tshi̯oŋ ji̯oŋ 10 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabacteasy leisure, natural action
    • VPadVinformally, en passant
    • VPiactdo as one pleases, act naturally; be easy
    • VPpostadVeasily; freelyDS
    佚  yì OC: liɡ MC: jit
    軼  yì OC: liɡ MC: jit
    逸  yì OC: lid MC: jit 7 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 勞/TIRED Láo 勞 refers to the state of exhaustion after extended lasting effort.
    • Assoc: 樂/DELIGHT The equally current lè 樂 (ant. āi 哀 "grief") adds to yuè 悅 the dimensions of practical indulgence, psychological and often philosophical depth, and - very often - a dimension of joy that can be shared and appreciated by others, and that is typically lasting if not permanent. See ENJOY

      Syntactic words
    • vadNnot holding public office; free from public obligations; leisuredCH
    • visubj=nonhuman(e.g. of work) easy, effortlessLZ
    • vt+prep+Nab{ACT}Take it easy with Nab-ing, spend no big effort on Nab-ing
    • vtoNreflexive.自give (oneself) peace
    燕  yàn OC: qeens MC: ʔen
    宴  yàn OC: qeens MC: ʔen 5 Attributions

    Yàn 燕 and yàn 宴 refers to leisure time with a special focus on this time as an occasion for pleasure and enjoyment, often including food and music.

      Syntactic words
    • vadV＝宴 on leisurely occasions; at leisure
    • viact＝宴 have a good time; be quietlly at one's ease
    遑  huáng OC: ɡʷaaŋ MC: ɦɑŋ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vimostly with negations: have free time, be free, be at leisure
    • vt+V[0](archaic and poetic:) have time to VERB
    • vtoNhave time for
    觀  guān OC: koon MC: kʷɑn 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactidly/leisurely looking on things > looking around with the purpose of enjoying oneself > "sightseeing"
    • vt(oN)look idly on a contextually determinate situation
    假  jià OC: kraas MC: kɣɛ 3 Attributions

    Jià 假 refers to an extended period free from official obligations, a holiday, and the word is marginal in this group.

      Syntactic words
    • nleave of absence
    • vadVin a leisurely way, at one's ease
    空  kòng OC: khooŋs MC: khuŋ 3 Attributions

    Kòng 空 refers abstractly to unoccupied time as such.

      Syntactic words
    • vadVat leisure, unoccupied
    • vibe blissfully unworried and at ease
    無事  wú shì OC: ma dzrɯs MC: mi̯o ɖʐɨ 2 Attributions
    • Studies in the Language of Zǔtáng jí 祖堂集 ( ANDERL 2004B) p. 589, fn. 1650

      Probably referring to a state of mind/attitude, where one does not engage in any special activity; this compound appears very frequently in Cha2n literature. In WUDENG it is used as an attribute of the enlightened person, similar to wu2-we2i 無為: 無為無事人; 佛是無事人 ('A person who does not willfully act and does not have any particular business, the Buddha is a person without any particular business.'[?]); LINJILU, ZZ. 118: 202a7-8: 師示眾云。道流。佛法無用功處。祇是平常無事。屙屎送尿著衣喫飯。困來即臥。愚人笑我。智乃知焉。('The master instructed the assembly, saying: [...][??] The Buddha-dharma is not a place of effort, it is only common/everyday-like and without any [special] business; shitting, pissing, wearing cloth and eating; when one gets tired one goes to sleep. The ignorant person laughs at me but the wise knows about this.')

      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychwithout a thing > state of leisure, inactivity
    • VPienjoy a state of unperturbed comfortable leisureCH
    安燕  ān yàn MC: 'an 'enH OC: qaan qeens 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPableisureLZ
    • VPibe at easeLZ
    閒  jiān MC: kean OC: kreen 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVread xian2: at leisure (=閑）CH
    • vibe leisurely and unconerned with the vulgar affairs of this worldCH
    游戲  yóu xì OC: lu qhras MC: jɨu hiɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactbe at leisure; spend one's free time; be on a leisurely sightseeing tour
    儃  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • virelaxed; slow; irresolute; easy-going
    騰  téng OC: lɯɯŋ MC: dəŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vi.redbe at ease, be at leisure, be relaxed
    閑雅  xián yǎ OC: ɢreen ŋɡraaʔ MC: ɦɣɛn ŋɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactdisplay leisurely elegance
    游玩  yóu wán MC: yuw ngwanH OC: lu ŋɡoons 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabentertaimentLZ
    雅閑  yǎ xián OC: ŋɡraaʔ ɢreen MC: ŋɣɛ ɦɣɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactcultivate dignified leisure
    申  shēn OC: lʰin MC: ɕin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vi.redintensitivebe all distended
    晏閒  yàn xián MC: 'aenH -- OC: qraans -- 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe at ease, be at leise; have free timeCH
    空  kōng OC: khooŋ MC: khuŋ
    空閑  kōng xián OC: khooŋ ɢreen MC: khuŋ ɦɣɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]the unemployed
    歡逸  huān yì OC: qhoon lid MC: hʷɑn jit 0 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • NPabstativeleisure
    閒  xián MC: -- OC: -- 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVat leisure (=閑）CH
    游息  yóu xī OC: lu sqlɯɡ MC: jɨu sɨk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiacttake one's leisure
    • VPtoNtake one's leisure with
    騰騰  téng téng OC: lɯɯŋ lɯɯŋ MC: dəŋ dəŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVat leisure (=閑）CH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVat leisure (=閑）CH
    止  zhǐ OC: kljɯʔ MC: tɕɨ
    閑止  xián zhǐ OC: ɢreen kljɯʔ MC: ɦɣɛn tɕɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe at one's ease and at peace
    游  yóu OC: lu MC: jɨu 0 Attributions

    Yóu 游/遊 refers to the leisure-activities during one's free time.

      Syntactic words
    • viactcultivate leisure; enjoy oneself