INACTIVE    無動作

REFUSE to ACT AND THEREFORE be PEACEFUL.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The standard general word for remaining inactive is jìng 靜 (ant. dòng 動 "take an initiative") 2. Wú wéi 無為 (ant. yǒu suǒ wéi 有所為 "engage in assertive action") is a technical philosophical term referring to the refusal to take assertive action.
Modern Chinese Criteria
無為 動彈不得 first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL. 18.11.2003. CH
Antonym
  • ACTMOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision.
  • MOVECHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION.
  • TRYACT, BUT DOUBT WHETHER one WILL be SUCCESSFUL ACTING.
Hypernym
  • Not defined　 (anc: 2/0, child: 203)
  • PRIME　 (anc: 1/0, child: 2)
  • 　 (anc: 0/0, child: 0)

Words (14 items)

無為  wú wéi OC: ma ɢʷal MC: mi̯o ɦiɛ 37 Attributions

Wú wéi 無為 (ant. yǒu suǒ wéi 有所為 "engage in assertive action") is a technical philosophical term referring to the refusal to take assertive action.

  • What Is Taoism? And Other Studies in Chinese Cultural History ( CREEL 1970) p. 48-78

    Syntactic words
  • NPabpsychologicaldetachment; indifference; non-interference in the world; non-assertiveness; disengagement
  • NPab{PRED}actindifference; non-interference in the world; disengagementCH
  • NPadNcharacterised by detachment, indifference/non-interference in the world, or non-assertive action
  • VPadVby the method of disengaged detachment without any ulterior motives, of indifference/non-interference in this world or of non-assertive action; by the method of non-assertive action
  • VPiact己不亲劳于事; cultivate, advocate or practise detachment, practice disengagement, non-interference in this world, engage in non-assertive behaviour
  • VPiact, subject inanimatecultivate detachment, indifference, non-interference or non-assertive action only (of inanimate creatures or beings)
無事  wú shì OC: ma dzrɯs MC: mi̯o ɖʐɨ 12 Attributions
    Syntactic words
  • NPabactrefusal to take assertive action, strategy of never trying anything funny
  • VPadN(the person) without anything particular to do, who does not engage in any artificial activity; in the Chan BUDDH context referring to the enlightened person who does not engage deliberately in any activity but rather perfectly responds to and mirrors his environment at any given moment; it is a key term in the teaching of the 臨濟錄
  • VPadVwithout anything to do; without engaging in any particular activity
  • VPiactbe without any business > being at leisure; have nothing to do in particular; do not engage in any specific activity in the Chan BUDDH context referring to the enlightened person who does not engage deliberately in any activity but rather perfectly responds to and mirrors his environment at any given moment; it is a key term in the teaching of the 臨濟錄
靜  jìng MC: dzjengX OC: dzeŋʔ 10 Attributions

The standard general word for remaining inactive is jìng 靜 (ant. dòng 動 "take an initiative")

    Word relations
  • Ant: 動/MOVE The current general word for movement of any kind, psychological as well as physical, is dòng 動 (ant. jìng 靜 "remain still").
  • Assoc: 虛/EMPTY The most geneal word is xū 虛 (ant. shí 實 "substantial and full") which can refer both to physical emptiness of a space and to abstract emptiness or tenuousness as a philosophical concept.

    Syntactic words
  • nabactfailure or refusal to take intiatives; nonactivity
  • vadVwithout taking any action, without busying oneself with anything; quite still
  • vibe immobile, be stillCH
  • viactremain inactive
  • vichangebecome still, calm down
拱  gǒng OC: koŋʔ MC: ki̯oŋ 7 Attributions

    Word relations

    Syntactic words
  • VPihave one's hands folded and hanging low in front of one's stomach> be inactive
拱手  gǒng shǒu OC: koŋʔ hmljuʔ MC: ki̯oŋ ɕɨu 5 Attributions
    Syntactic words
  • VPadVeffortlessly, hands down
  • VPicausativejoin one's hands in front of one's chest so as to be politely inactive; bow politely without doing anything
无為  wú wéi MC: mju hjweH OC: ma ɢʷal 4 Attributions
    Syntactic words
  • NPabpsychological*detachment; non-interference in the affairs of the world; non-assertive actionCH
  • VPadVbeing detached from one's actions; being disengaged in what one does; practising non-interference; remaining detachedCH
無作  wú zuò OC: ma tsaaɡ MC: mi̯o tsɑk 1 Attribution
  • Sengchou (480-560) ( ANDERL 1995) p. 100, fn. 445

  • 入道安心要方便法門 Rùdào ānxīn yào fāngbiàn fǎmén Teachings about Expedient means for the Essentials of Entering the Way and Pacifying the Mind Taishō ( ANXINYAO) p. 1288b11-12

    "Not to receive the sensation of a form [means that] form is identical to non-substantiality. Non-substantiality is identical to formlessness (wu2xia4ng 無相) and formlessness is identical to non-[ambitious] action (wu2zuo4 無作). This is the gate to liberation." (tr. CHAPPELL 1983: 125, fn. 47)

  • The Teachings of the Fourth Ch'an Patriarch Tao-hsin (580-651) Early Ch'an in China and Tibet ( CHAPPELL 1983) p. 115, fn. 47

  • 大智渡論 Dàzhì dù lùn (Mahāprajñāpāramitā śāstra) Taishō ( DAZHIDULUN) p. 203c15

    The gates to enlightenment are defined as 空, 無相, and 無作

  • 佛教語大辭典 Bukkyōgo daijiten Encyclopedic Dictionary of Buddhist Terms ( NAKAMURA) p. 1324a

  • 維摩詰經 Wéimójié jīng Vimalakīrti-nirdessa Taishō ( VIMALAKIRTI(A)) p. 551b7-10

    Syntactic words
  • VPibuddhistBUDDH: be without any activity, be without function; non-ambitious action skr. akarmaka
寡為  guǎ wéi MC: kwaeX hjweH OC: kʷraaʔ ɢʷal 1 Attribution
    Syntactic words
  • VPiactengage in few assertive actionsCH
坐而  zuò ér MC: dzwaX nyi OC: sɡoolʔ njɯ 1 Attribution
    Syntactic words
  • VPadVwithout one taking any particular actionCH
靜  jìng MC: dzjengX OC: dzeŋʔ 1 Attribution
    Syntactic words
  • vtoNcausativemake N inactive, withdrawLZ
拱己  gǒng jǐ OC: koŋʔ kɯʔ MC: ki̯oŋ kɨ 1 Attribution
    Syntactic words
  • VPadVhands down> without doing anything
拱  gǒng OC: koŋʔ MC: ki̯oŋ 1 Attribution
    Syntactic words
  • viactfold one's hands in front of one> remain inactive
  • vtoNcausativecause to be inactive > hold still, stop the movement of
  Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
    Syntactic words
  • vadVinactivelyCH
  Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
    Syntactic words
  • VPiactengage in few assertive actionsCH