BELOW  底下下

PLACE that is LOW IN-RELATION-TO something OTHER.
BENEATHUNDERUNDERNEATHFURTHER DOWN THANLOWER THAN
Antonym
  • HIGHBIG VERTICALLY.
    • ABOVEPLACE HIGH IN-RELATION-TO OTHER PLACE.
      Hypernym
      • PLACEPART of SPACE that THINGS BE-IN:are-in.
        • PARTOBJECT which COMBINES with OTHER OBJECTS to BECOME ONE LARGER WHOLE OBJECT.
          • OBJECT[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to.
      See also
      • LOWSMALL VERTICALLY.
        Old Chinese Criteria
        [GENERAL/SPECIFIC]

        [[COMMON/RARE]]

        [ELEVATED/FAMILIAR]

        [+FIG/LITERAL]

        1. The standard term referring to the relatively low position of something vis-a-vis something else is xià 下 (ant. shàng 上 "above").

        [GENERAL]; [[COMMON]]

        2. Bēi 卑 (ant. gāo 高 "high, elevated") can refer to what is physically low and therefore possibly or presumbably of lower status. See mainly LOW and HUMBLE

        [+FIG]

        3. Dǐ 底 "below" (ant. dǐng 頂 "top") was late to emerge as a colloquial competitor.

        [FAMILIAR]; [[RARE]]

        4. Lù 麓 refers to the foot of a mountain, and the contrast with the many words for mountain summits is striking.

        [SPECIFIC]; [[RARE]]

        Modern Chinese Criteria
        底下

        下面

        下邊

        以下

        rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

          Words

          下  xià OC: ɢraaʔ MC: ɦɣɛ 95 AttributionsWD

          The standard term referring to the relatively low position of something vis-a-vis something else is xià 下 (ant. shàng 上 "above"). [GENERAL]; [[COMMON]]

            Word relations
          • Ant: 上/ABOVE The standard word referring to what is above or on top is shàng 上. >>SPATIAL!, CONCRETE!
          • Ant: 高/HIGH The manifestly dominant general word is gāo 高(ant. bēi 卑 "low" and xià 下 "low") which refers to concrete as well as abstract elevation.
          • Assoc: 低 / 氐/BELOW Dǐ 底 "below" (ant. dǐng 頂 "top") was late to emerge as a colloquial competitor. [FAMILIAR]; [[RARE]]

            Syntactic words
          • n(adN)the place above the contextually determinate NCH
          • n(post-N)figurativethe "place" below NCH
          • n[adN]what is low in the terrain; what is below one
          • n[adN]what is below> the earthCH
          • nab[post-N]figurativethe position below everthing elseCH
          • nabfigurativelow position; lowness of musical pitch
          • nadNlow, lower
          • nadNlowerCH
          • nadNfigurativelower > inferior; of the lower world; nether; under one's command
          • nadNfigurativebelow 下民
          • nadVfigurativeat the lower levels
          • npost-.N+ZHIbelow
          • npost-.N+ZHIfigurativeat a lower abstract level
          • npost-Nfigurativefig. below of N (e.g. > among the disciples of N)
          • npost-Nfigurativebelow; at the bottom of something; in status: lower
          • npost-Ninsideunder (i.e. inside) (the tent etc)
          • npost-Nplacethe lower part; the place below something; low-lying place; the area at the foot of (a mountain)
          • nt(post-N).adSbelow the contextually determinate N
          • n{PLACE}adVbelow
          • n{PRED}post-Nbe below N, be not as tall as NLZ
          • vadVderivedat the lower level; at least 上...下CH
          • vadVtextbelow (in the text)
          • vibe directed downwardsCH
          • viacttake the lower position, maintain the lower position, stay below something else
          • vigradedbe low, be down (ant. 高)LZ
          • vpostadVdirectiondirectional verbal complement: to V in downwards direction
          • vt+Nfigurativeput (oneself) lower then N, maintain lower status in respect to N
          • vt+prep+Nfigurativeto get (i.e. in one's speech) below the standard N, to go further down below NLZ
          • vtoNstativebe below N in status
          下風  xià fēng OC: ɢraaʔ plum MC: ɦɣɛ puŋ 3 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPfigurativeunder the ruler's authority
          • NPpostadVpolitefrom my humble position; from his humble position; humblyCH
          低  dī OC: tiil MC: tei
          氐  dī OC: tiil MC: tei 1 AttributionWD

          Dǐ 底 "below" (ant. dǐng 頂 "top") was late to emerge as a colloquial competitor. [FAMILIAR]; [[RARE]]

            Word relations

            Syntactic words
          • vilow (from Han times)
          • vpostadVdirectiondirectional verbal complement: V in downwards direction
          已下  yǐ xià MC: yiX haeX OC: k-lɯʔ ɢraaʔDS 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPpost-Nvariant of 以下: below NDS
          卑  bēi OC: pe MC: piɛ 0 AttributionsWD

          Bēi 卑 (ant. gāo 高 "high, elevated") can refer to what is physically low and therefore possibly or presumbably of lower status. See mainly LOW and HUMBLE [+FIG]

            Syntactic words
          麓  lù OC: b-rooɡ MC: luk 0 AttributionsWD

          Lù 麓 refers to the foot of a mountain, and the contrast with the many words for mountain summits is striking. [SPECIFIC]; [[RARE]]

            Syntactic words
          • nfoot of a mountain[sometimes specifically refering to forest-areas: LIJI 5; Couvreur 1.320f; Sūn Xīdàn 4.49f; tr. Legge 1.244 山陵、林麓、 Hills and mounds, forests and thickets,]

          Existing SW for

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