SUBSTANCE    物質質

THING NOT SEPARATED into SEPARATE PARTS.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The general term for substance as opposed to form or appearance is zhì 質, and this troubling term desperately need systematic investigation. 2. Tǐ 體 is occasionally used to refer to the physical mass of something. 3. Shí 實 sometimes refers to the real substance of a matter as opposed to insubstantial thinking about it, or attitudes.
Modern Chinese Criteria
物質 質 素 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • ASH　SUBSTANCE that REMAINS AFTER a THING is BURNT.  (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • FOOD　SUBSTANCE USED by CREATURES. (anc: 5/0, child: 11)
  • LACQUER　SUBSTANCE USED to CAUSE SURFACES TO BECOME INTENSELY SMOOTH AND TO RESEMBLE GLASS. [] (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • METAL　HARD INTENSELY HEAVY SUBSTANCE OFTEN USED FOR PRODUCING ARTEFACTS, TOOLS, AND WEAPONS. [] (anc: 5/0, child: 7)
  • POISON　SUBSTANCE which CAN INTENSELY HARM HUMANS OR ANIMALS. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • SOIL　SUBSTANCE ON the EARTH in which PLANTS GROW. (anc: 5/0, child: 4)
  • STONE　COMMON INTENSELY HARD SUBSTANCE in LANDSCAPE. (anc: 5/0, child: 7)
  • ENERGY　ABSTRACT SUBSTANCE which CONTAINS a FORCE. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • TIMBER　SUBSTANCE OF the MAIN PART of TREES. (anc: 5/0, child: 4)
  • GREASE　SUBSTANCE which is not MUSCLE AND CAUSES one to be FAT OR RESEMBLING SUBSTANCE PRODUCED USING ANIMALS OR PLANTS. (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • DRUG　SUBSTANCE USED FOR CURING OR PREVENTING DISEASES. (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • COAL　BLACK SUBSTANCE PRODUCED USING TIMBER, AND USED FOR BURNING. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • IVORY　SUBSTANCE of LARGE ELEPHANT TEETH USED FOR PRODUCING ORNAMENTS. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • CINNABAR　HEAVY REDDISH MINERAL SUBSTANCE the most important ore of mercury. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • RUBBISH　DISCARDED SUBSTANCE OR THING. (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • COTTON　WHITE SOFT SUBSTANCE RESEMBLING WOOL. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • GLASS　COMMON HARD SUBSTANCE one CAN LOOK THROUGH which is OFTEN USED FOR WINDOWS. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • EXCREMENT　SUBSTANCE consisting of what is excreted by humans of animals in defecation. (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • OIL　A LIQUID which does NOT FREEZE, BURNS, AND does NOT MIX WITH WATER. [] (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • SMOKE　AIRY SUBSTANCE CAUSED-TO RISE by FIRE. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • SOAP　A SUBSTANCE USED FOR REMOVING DIRT WHEN WASHING. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • SUGAR　INTENSELY COMMON SWEET SUBSTANCE OFTEN USED IN COOKING. [CHEMISTRY] (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • TOBACCO　The PLANT SUBSTANCE one BURNS AND SUCKS the SMOKE of FOR ENJOYMENT. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • LIQUID　SUBSTANCE which CAN FLOW. (anc: 5/0, child: 9)
  • GLUE　A SUBSTANCE USED FOR CAUSING THINGS to be INTENSELY LINKED. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • PERFUME　SUBSTANCE USED FOR PRODUCING BEAUTIFUL ODOURS. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • GAS　SUBSTANCE IN which THINGS CAN FLOAT AND FLY BUT NOT SWIM. (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • BODY TISSUE　IMPORTANT NOT LIQUID SUBSTANCES IN THE BODY. (anc: 5/0, child: 7)
Antonym
  • FUNCTIONWhat something is USED FOR OR is PRODUCED FOR, OR NATURALLY WORKS FOR>TOWARDS.
  • FEATUREABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE.
See also
Hypernym
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • OBJECT　[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to. (anc: 2/0, child: 6)
  • PRIME　 (anc: 1/0, child: 2)
  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. III.234

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 3.447

    MATIERE

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 4.1050

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 10.495

    SUBSTANZ

  • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 240

  • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 63

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

    MATTER, (SUBSTANCE)

    • Words (9 items)

    質  zhì OC: tjid MC: tɕit 18 Attributions

    The general term for substance as opposed to form or appearance is zhì 質, and this troubling term desperately need systematic investigation.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 文/EMBELLISH
    • Ant: 貌/APPEARANCE Mào 貌 (ant. xīn 心 "real inner feelings") emphasises the merely external as less than indicative of what is inside, and this is the most general word. [GENERAL], [STATIC], [SUPERFICIAL]
    • Ant: 飾/ORNAMENT

      Syntactic words
    • nabmaterialsubstance; basis; material base
    • nabmetaphysicalthe very substance; substantial facts; real substance versus mere superficious embellishments or accomplishments
    • nabsemanticsemantic substance, substantive subject of discourseCH
    • viactbe all substance, pay attention only to substance
    體  tǐ OC: rʰiiʔ MC: thei 17 Attributions

    Tǐ 體 is occasionally used to refer to the physical mass of something.

      Syntactic words
    • nthe physical mass (of Taishan); physical reality
    • nab[.post-N]substance
    • nabfigurativeessential substance, central point, essence (often contrasted to 用 'function' in the Buddhist context)
    實  shí OC: ɢljiɡ MC: ʑit 5 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • nabfigurativethe intellectual substance, the philosophical pointCH
    • nabmetaphysicalsubstantiveness, solidity
    • vibe substantial; be solid
    材  cái OC: sɡɯɯ MC: dzəi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nmdefinitethe given material; the material involvedDS
    • nmnonreferentialmaterial substance of any kind
    虛實  xū shí OC: qhla ɢljiɡ MC: hi̯ɤ ʑit 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturerelative substantialness rather than tenuousness
    骨相  gǔ xiàng OC: kuud sqaŋs MC: kuot si̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfigurativebone feature > substance > essence, essential character (inner qualities)
    盈虛  yíng xū MC: yeng -- OC: leŋ qhla 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturesubstantiveness or otherwiseCH
    相  xiàng MC: sjangH OC: sqaŋs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabsubstance, material base, materialLZ
    性體  xìng tǐ OC: seŋs rʰiiʔ MC: siɛŋ thei 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPab[.post-N]metaphysicalone's substance