FAT    肥肥

ABUNDANT in GREASE AND BIG AND HEAVY TYPICALLY BECAUSE of EXCESSIVE EATING. See also GREASE.
PLUMPSTOUTOVERWEIGHTLARGECHUBBYPORTLYFLABBYPAUNCHYPOTBELLIEDBEER-BELLIEDMEATYOF AMPLE PROPORTIONSHEAVYSETOBESECORPULENTFLESHYGROSSINFORMAL PLUS-SIZEDBIG-BONEDTUBBYROLY-POLYWELL-UPHOLSTEREDBEEFYPORKYBLUBBERYCHUNKYPUDGY
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for sleekness or obesity is féi 肥 (ant. qū 臞 "emaciated", jí 瘠 "thin"), and it must be noted that the term has positive connotations in ancient China. 2. Tú 腯 refers specifically to feisty fatness of animals. 3. Zhī 脂 refers to the substance of grease or fat as such. See GREASE. 4. Fēng 豐 refers occasionally to sleekness and richness as a positive attribute of well-nourished individuals. NB: Pàng 胖 refers to obesity with no positive connotations, and emerges probably in YUAN times.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 HUMAN BODY 45. 肥，指人和動物肉體豐滿。 胖，指人身體渾然碩大，只用於 “ 心寬體胖 ” 的組合。 豐，指人面龐和體態的飽滿，程度不及肥、胖。 腯，鳥獸的肥壯。
Modern Chinese Criteria
胖 is the current modern word for fatness. 肥 refers to fatness meat and the like, and when it refers to humans it is intensitive, meaning "very fat". 肥胖 is a more formal word for obesity. 肥壯 refers positively to fatness as a sign of being well-fed. 肥碩 refers to a high degree of fatness as a sign of being extremely well-fed. 富胎 refers to obesity as a sign of a very comfortable life. 肥乎乎 is an endearing expression for obesity. 胖墩墩 is an endearing expression for obesity, expecially in well-fed children. 心廣體胖 (prov) refers idiomatically to being psychologically expansive of mind and well-fed of body. 胖子 大塊頭 胖小子 胖墩兒 柏油桶 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Antonym
  • SLIMTHIN AND NOT FAT, of HUMANS AND ANIMALS.
  • THINSMALL in the MOST SMALL DIMENSION.
See also
  • AMPLEABUNDANT IN SIZE AND CONTENT
  • GREASESUBSTANCE which is not MUSCLE AND CAUSES one to be FAT OR RESEMBLING SUBSTANCE PRODUCED USING ANIMALS OR PLANTS.
Hypernym
  • ABUNDANT　HAVE OR BE INTENSELY MANY, TYPICALLY DESIRED, THINGS.  (anc: 9/0, child: 3)
  • MANY　BIG in QUANTITY. (anc: 8/0, child: 3)
  • BIG　OF INTENSE SIZE OR DEGREE IN-RELATION-TO a STANDARD, OR IN-RELATION-TO the SIZE of a HUMAN. (anc: 7/0, child: 15)
  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    FAT

    pinguis refers to fat, or derogarotirily to that component part of the body that is most without sensation and strength.

    opimus refers positively to fanness as a sign of plenty and good living, opulence.

    obesus refers to fatness as connected with unwieldiness of body.

    corupulentus refers to opulent portliness as connected with fatness.

  • 古代文化詞異集類辨考 Gudai wenhua ci yi ji lei bian kao ( HUANG JINGUI 1995) p. 485

  • Les métamorphoses du gras : Histoire de l'obésité du Moyen Age au XXe siècle ( VIGARELLO 2010) p.

  • Novyj objasnitel'nyj Slovar' Sinonimov Russkogo Jazyka ( APRESJAN 2004) p. 1157

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 6

    • Words (11 items)

    肥  féi OC: bul MC: bɨi 20 Attributions

    The current general word for sleekness or obesity is féi 肥 (ant. qū 臞 "emaciated", jí 瘠 "thin") , and it must be noted that the term has positive connotations in ancient China.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 瘠 / 膌/SLIM The most current general word for skinniness is probably jí 瘠/膌 (ant. féi 肥 "fat").
    • Ant: 羸/SLIM Léi 羸 refers to skinniness as a result of famine or of disease.
    • Epithet: 肉/MEAT The current general word for meat as something edible is ròu 肉.
    • Epithet: 馬/HORSE The dominant word for a horse is mǎ 馬.
    • Assoc: 甘/SAVOURY

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturesleekness > good condition; prosperous state
    • nabstativestate of sleekness
    • nmfat
    • nmsubjectrich and fat food
    • vadN(primarily of animals, meat etc.) fat, rich; well-fed, sleek
    • vadNmeatfat; greasy
    • vibe fat and rich; occasionally of humans: be sleek
    • vichangeget sleek
    • vtoNcausativecause to grow nice and fat, fatten; make sleek
    腯  tú OC: ɡ-luud MC: duot 2 Attributions

    Tú 腯 refers specifically to feisty fatness of animals.

      Syntactic words
    • viof animals, rare ZUO: be fat
    肥腯  féi tú OC: bul ɡ-luud MC: bɨi duot 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe properly fattened up
    豐  fēng OC: phuŋ MC: phuŋ 1 Attribution

    Fēng 豐 refers occasionally to sleekness and richness as a positive attribute of well-nourished individuals.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNrich; well-nourished; well-rounded
    • virich and sleek, well-nourished
    肥饒  féi ráo OC: bul nɢjew MC: bɨi ȵiɛu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNfat and juicy
    胖  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions

    NB: Pàng 胖 refers to obesity with no positive connotations, and emerges probably in YUAN times.

      Syntactic words
    • vadN(of body) large and wide, fat, obese
    • vi(of body) large and wide, fat, obese[That word is very late; YUAN ??][CA]WANGLI: 994
    • vichange(of body) become large and wide, become fat, become obese
    脂  zhī OC: kji MC: tɕi 0 Attributions

    Zhī 脂 refers to the substance of grease or fat as such. See GREASE.

      Syntactic words
    腴  yú OC: lo MC: ji̯o 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNrare in pre-Buddhist literature, adj: fat, rich
    肥瘠  féi jí OC: bul dzeɡ MC: bɨi dziɛk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturerelative obesity
    肥大  féi dà OC: bul daads MC: bɨi dɑi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe fat; be very fat
    豐碩  fēng shuò OC: phuŋ djaɡ MC: phuŋ dʑiɛk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe fat