TIME    時間

ABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. An abstract general word for time as such is rì yuè 日月 or nián suì 年歲. 2. Shí 時 refers to any period of time or point in time. 3. Jì 際 can refer to a juncture in time. 4. Jī 機 comes to refer to a crucial juncture or point in time, but so far no pre-Buddhist examples have been found.
Modern Chinese Criteria
時間 時刻 時日 工夫 功夫 日子 光陰 時光 韶光 韶華 年華 年光 流光 流年 年月 歲月 歲華 歲時 居諸 日 時 時候 時節 時分 時刻 天時 天道 早晚 當兒 天兒 時光 辰光 時 際 上 下 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • PAST　PERIOD BEFORE NOW. (anc: 4/0, child: 5)
  • LATE　TIME when some OTHER TIME has ALREADY HAPPENED:passed, or when something SHOULD ALREADY have HAPPENED. (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
  • NOON　TIME of MIDDLE of the DAY. (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
  • OFTEN　At MANY TIMES. (anc: 4/0, child: 2)
  • ONCE　ONE TIME. (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
  • PERIOD　TIME CONSISTING of a LIMITED SEQUENCE of MOMENTS. (anc: 4/0, child: 20)
  • YEAR　TIME OF the SUN MOVING ROUND the EARTH. (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
  • MOMENT　POINT of TIME OR INTENSELY SHORT TIME. (anc: 4/0, child: 4)
  • FUTUREnew-309aa3bc-f547-46d5-9aa3-bcf54796d5b7　TIME PERIOD LATE IN-RELATION-TO NOW. (anc: 4/0, child: 2)
  • EARLYnew-47b7b7da-cdc1-48ce-b7b7-dacdc188ce9b　TIME PERIOD SOMETHING has NOT-YET HAPPENED (anc: 4/0, child: 2)
  • DATE　 (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
See also
  • ETERNITYPERIOD LACKING LIMITS.
  • SPACEWhat ALL THINGS BE-IN:are-in.
Hypernym
  • OBJECT　[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to. (anc: 2/0, child: 6)
  • PRIME　 (anc: 1/0, child: 2)
  • 　 (anc: 0/0, child: 0)
  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 46

    AION

  • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 181

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    TEMPUS

  • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. ２１

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 4.1298

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 12.1186

    ZEIT

  • Enzyklopaedie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie ( MITTELSTRASS 1996) p. 4.827

    ZEIT ETC.

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 319

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 154

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p. 10.43

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

    TIME/CONSCIOUSNESS OF, TIME

  • Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology ( BARNARD AND SPENCER 2002) p.

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 2.281:187

    DUREE.TEMPS

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.400

  • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. B 19

  • New Dictiornary of the History of Ideas, 6 vols. ( HOROWITZ 2005) p.

    • Words (29 items)

    時  shí OC: ɡljɯ MC: dʑɨ 47 Attributions

    Shí 時 refers to any period of time or point in time.

      Word relations
    • Object: 應/REACT The general term for a responding action is yìng 應 (ant. gǎn 感 "stimulate").
    • Epithet: 變/CHANGE The most current general words for objective and typically abrupt change are biàn 變 "change from one's original state to become something different" (ant. héng �� "remain constant").

      Syntactic words
    • nab(post-N)the time of the contextually determinate NLZ
    • nab.post-Sthe time when S obtained. Perhaps this must often be taken to work as nab.post-S1:adS2
    • nabdimensiondimension of time, German Zeitlichkeit
    • nabeventcourse of time, different times
    • nabexclamatoryOh time!CH
    • nabextentextent of time, time period
    • nabpluralchanging times and conditions
    • nabsocialthe times; the present time ; present political milieuLZ
    • nadNof the time, of the period; contemporary
    • nadSat this timeDS
    • npost-Nperiod of time; era; age; times 文公之時
    日  rì OC: mljiɡ MC: ȵit 13 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabamount of time; a space of time; the time
    • nabfigurativefree time
    • npost-Npoint in time characterised by N
    間  jiān OC: kreen MC: kɣɛn 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • na certain space of time 有間
    • nadVfor a moment; for a certain period of time
    • npost-Nthe period of NCH
    • vt[oN.]adSafter the passing of the space of time N
    際  jì OC: skeds MC: tsiɛi 6 Attributions

    Jì 際 can refer to a juncture in time.

      Syntactic words
    • nabjuncture, point in time; period in time
    當此之時  dāng cǐ zhī shí MC: tang tshjeX tsyi dzyi OC: taaŋ tsheʔ kljɯ ɡljɯ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadSat that time; during these times; thenCH
    一時  yī shí OC: qliɡ ɡljɯ MC: ʔit dʑɨ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPadSindefonce upon a time (don't ask me when exactly!)
    • NPadSpastBuddhist, idiomatic: at a certain time in the past ("once upon a time" would imply that fictitiousness is implied and acknowledged. Whether it is remains a subtle open isue. The fictitiousness is in any case not openly acknowledged.)
    日月  rì yuè OC: mljiɡ ŋod MC: ȵit ŋi̯ɐt 4 Attributions

    An abstract general word for time as such is rì yuè日月 or nián suì 年歲.

      Syntactic words
    • NPabtime
    • NPab{N1&N2}concepttime
    • NPadVfor a day or a month
    年月  nián yuè OC: niin ŋod MC: nen ŋi̯ɐt 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabtimenumber of years and months > time
    光陰  guāng yīn OC: kʷaaŋ qrɯm MC: kɑŋ ʔim 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPablight and shade > the flow of time > time
    處  chù OC: qhljas MC: tɕhi̯ɤ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-NTang dynasty: point in time, circumstances of time and place
    會  huì OC: ɡloobs MC: ɦɑi 2 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Synon: 際/TIME Jì 際 can refer to a juncture in time.

      Syntactic words
    • ntime, occasion
    • npost-Noccasions of NCH
    機  jī OC: kɯl MC: kɨi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ncrucial point in time
    陰  yīn MC: 'im OC: qrɯm 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabtimeCH
    隙  xì OC: khaɡ MC: khɣɛk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabtimeinterval of time
    際會  jì huì OC: skeds ɡloobs MC: tsiɛi ɦɑi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPtime, occasion
    秋日  qiū rì OC: tshiw mljiɡ MC: tshɨu ȵit 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nequinox
    工夫  gōng fú OC: kooŋ ba MC: kuŋ bi̯o 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nmtime
    時時  shí shí OC: ɡljɯ ɡljɯ MC: dʑɨ dʑɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • n.red:adVfrom time to time
    小  xiǎo OC: smewʔ MC: siɛu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nadVfor a short while, for a little while
    歲月  suì yuè OC: sqʷads ŋod MC: siɛi ŋi̯ɐt 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabtimeyears and months; long periods of time
    歲  suì OC: sqʷads MC: siɛi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabdimensiontime
    少選之間  shǎo xuǎn zhī jiān MC: syewX sjwenX tsyi -- OC: hmljewʔ sqonʔ kljɯ -- 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPadSafter a while; after some timeDS
    俯仰  fǔ yǎng MC: pjuX ngjangX OC: poʔ ŋaŋʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadSin a short timeDS
    年載  nián zǎi OC: niin skɯɯʔ MC: nen tsəi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabtimeseveral years; cf. English "years and years"
    日月光景  rì yuè guāng jǐng OC: mljiɡ ŋod kʷaaŋ kraŋʔ MC: ȵit ŋi̯ɐt kɑŋ kɣaŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicaltime
    中日  zhōng rì OC: krluŋ mljiɡ MC: ʈuŋ ȵit 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPadSat midday
    歲年  suì nián OC: sqʷads niin MC: siɛi nen 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabtimeperiod of several years in a row; very long time 積有歲年
    未  wèi OC: mɯds MC: mɨi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabtimeeighth double-hour into which the day was traditionally divided: 1-3 p.m.
    秋  qiū OC: tshiw MC: tshɨu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • npost-Nright time for N; proper season for N