SOUND  聲音聲

WHAT CAN be HEARD.
NOISENOTEDINRACKETROWHUBBUBRESONANCEREVERBERATION
Antonym
Hypernym
  • HEARPERCEIVE SOUND.
    • PERCEIVEBECOME AWARE of BECAUSE one INTERACTS WITH.
      • AWAREABLE to VOLUNTARILY:deliberately REACT to. 
        • ABLEHAVE FEATURES one NEEDS in SELF:oneself FOR ACHIEVING something....
See also
  • SONGPOEM SUNG CONFORMING to a MELODY.
    • SPEAKACT so as to USE WORDS FOR SHOWING MEANING.*Speech by speaker X, directed towards audience Y, in order to communicate message Z.
      • BARKLOUD ANIMAL SOUND PRODUCED by DOGS.
        Hyponym
        • ONOMATOPOETICA　SOUND IMITATION. [] ???
          • WORD　SOUND IMAGE of a CONCEPT. (Leibniz, Couturat p. 432)
            • NAME　SPEAK so as to REFER to something OR WORD USED for REFERRING to something....
            • PARTICLE　A WORD that NOT VERBAL AND NOT NOMINAL. [NOTE THAT THE GRAMMATICAL PARTICLES HAVE NOT BEEN FOCUSSED SO FAR IN THE SYSTEM AND NO SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS HAS BEEN APPLIED SO FAR.]...
            • GRAMMATICAL SUBJECT　WORD which EXPRESSES of WHAT the REST of a SENTENCE SPEAKS.
            • ADJECTIVE　
            • METAPHOR　WORD OR STORY which ONLY COMPARES in order to MEAN.
            • SLOGAN　SHORT WORDS>EXPRESSION CONSTANTLY USED BY A MOVEMENT in SUPPORT of an IDEOLOGY.
            • NOUN　WORD WHICH TYPICALLY REFERS TO AN OBJECT.
          • VOICE　SOUND PRODUCED by HUMANS WHEN they SPEAK.
            • TONE　SOUND at a DEFINED PITCH as PART of a MUSICAL SYSTEM.
              • RHYME　SAME SOUNDS at the END of MANY LINES OF TEXT.
                • ANIMAL SOUNDS　SOUND PRODUCED by ANIMALS.
                  • BARK　LOUD ANIMAL SOUND PRODUCED by DOGS.
                • PRONUNCIATION　SOUNDS USED WHEN SPEAKING WORDS.
                  Old Chinese Criteria
                  1. The dominant word for any sound produced by any creature or instrument is shēng 聲 and the word can come to refer specifically to the sound produced by the human voice (see VOICE), hence the word can also refer to a song with a melody and also to the tones as making up a melody. See SONG.

                  2. Yīn 音 is much narrower in application, and more elevated in style, and the word typically applies to sound shaped into music or the like and often viewed as an aesthetic object. 聲成文謂之音。 "When sound makes a pattern it becomes yīn", true enough, but it does remain shēng 聲 also.

                  3. Xiāo 囂 and xuān 喧 refer primarily to the din of human voices, but these words do have regular extended uses where they refer to any noisy or irritating sound.

                  4. Xiǎng 響, which primarily means "echo", often comes to refer to any sound without any connotations concerning the irritating nature of the sound.

                  黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
                  HUANG JINGUI 2006

                  ART 1.

                  聲，單個的音或單種發聲體發出的聲音；聲音總稱。

                  音，由 “ 聲 ” 而變，即調和、排比五聲而成一定的旋律。

                  樂，各類樂器合奏而成的和諧樂聲。

                  響，回應之聲。

                  Modern Chinese Criteria
                  聲音

                  聲響

                  音響

                  響聲

                  聲響

                  聲息

                  響動

                  動靜

                  聲

                  音

                  響

                  籟 (obs) refers to natural sounds.

                  rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

                  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 15.44

                  • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 419

                    532. Inter Sonum et sonitum. Sonus [ Al., sonitus] est quidquid auditur sensibile, sonitus [ Al., sonus] vero confusio [ Al., confusae] vocis tubarum.

                  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

                    NOISE

                    fragor is a hollow discordant crashing sound.

                    strepitus refers to a loud roaring, bawling, shreaking sound.

                    sonitus refers to a ringing, clinking sound, as of bells.

                    crepitus refers to the frequent repetition of the same sound.

                    frangere refers to the breaking to pieces of what is hard.

                  • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 18

                  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 58

                  • Semantica del Griego Antiguo ( HERNANDEZ 2000) p. 35.n147

                  • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. 32

                  • “孟子”同義詞研究 ( MENGZI TONGYI 2002) p. 243

                  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 4.887

                  • Handbuch der lateinischen und griechischen Synonymik ( SCHMIDT 1889) p. 2

                  • () p. 36/41/44

                  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 983

                    聲，音

                    1. WL takes she1ng 聲 to refer to the sound produced by man singing, and yi1n 音 the sound of musical instruments. But LY's famous 弦歌之聲 makes it clear that things are not this easy. And HF 鼓鐸之聲 "sound of drums and hand-bells" makes it plain that it is plain wrong. Moreoever, we have

                    HF 28.02:07 不聽鐘石之聲 "he did not listen to the sound of bells and musical stone instruments".

                    Thus the traditional rationalisation is highly problematic.

                  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.248

                  • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. 30

                  Words

                  聲  shēng OC: qjeŋ MC: ɕiɛŋ 44 AttributionsWD

                  The dominant word for any sound produced by any creature or instrument is shēng 聲and the word can come to refer specifically to the sound produced by the human voice (see VOICE), hence the word can also refer to a song with a melody and also to the tones as making up a melody. See SONG.

                    Word relations
                  • Contrast: 音/SOUND Yīn 音 is much narrower in application, and more elevated in style, and the word typically applies to sound shaped into music or the like and often viewed as an aesthetic object. 聲成文謂之音。"When sound makes a pattern it becomes yīn", true enough, but it does remain shēng 聲 also.
                  • Assoc: 色/COLOUR The standard word for colour of any kind is sè 色.
                  • Oppos: 響 / 嚮/SOUND Xiǎng 響, which primarily means "echo", often comes to refer to any sound without any connotations concerning the irritating nature of the sound.

                    Syntactic words
                  • nsound of a word> pronunciation
                  • n(post-N)the sound/voice of the contextually determinate NLZ
                  • n[post-N]N=creaturesgenerally: sound made by any creature
                  • nabmetaphysicalBUDDH: world of sounds and speech
                  • ncpost-V1{NUM}:postadV2classifierverbal classifier for the frequencies of utterances/sounds
                  • nderived(sound>) words;
                  • nnegativenoise; din
                  • nnoisenoise of any kind, sound of any kind
                  • npost-Nsound of NCH
                  • viprocessmake noise, give off a sound
                  • vt[oN]provide the sound (of a word)
                  響  xiǎng OC: qhaŋʔ MC: hi̯ɐŋ
                  嚮  xiǎng OC: qhaŋʔ MC: hi̯ɐŋ 23 AttributionsWD

                  Xiǎng 響, which primarily means "echo", often comes to refer to any sound without any connotations concerning the irritating nature of the sound.

                    Word relations
                  • Oppos: 聲/SOUND The dominant word for any sound produced by any creature or instrument is shēng 聲and the word can come to refer specifically to the sound produced by the human voice (see VOICE), hence the word can also refer to a song with a melody and also to the tones as making up a melody. See SONG.

                    Syntactic words
                  • necho; reverberation
                  • nadVanalogylike an echo 響應
                  • npositiveelevating inspiring sound (provoking resonance in one)CH
                  • viresound, echo
                  • viactproduce echoes
                  • viactvociferate, go on and on talkingCH
                  • vtoNfigurativeresound N > hear about (the reputation/fame) of N
                  聲音  shēng yīn OC: qjeŋ qrɯm MC: ɕiɛŋ ʔim 16 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • NPmusic"the sounds of music", the sound of music including instrumental and vocal sound
                  • NPnaturalsound of some kind produced by natural phenomena
                  • NPvoicesound of the human voice; by extension very occasionally: of ants
                  音  yīn OC: qrɯm MC: ʔim 7 AttributionsWD

                  Yīn 音 is much narrower in application, and more elevated in style, and the word typically applies to sound shaped into music or the like and often viewed as an aesthetic object. 聲成文謂之音。"When sound makes a pattern it becomes yīn", true enough, but it does remain shēng 聲 also.

                    Word relations
                  • Contrast: 聲/SOUND The dominant word for any sound produced by any creature or instrument is shēng 聲and the word can come to refer specifically to the sound produced by the human voice (see VOICE), hence the word can also refer to a song with a melody and also to the tones as making up a melody. See SONG.

                    Syntactic words
                  • nshaped sound, especially as part of music; sound of music, music; by extension, poetic, SHI: speech
                  • nsounds produced by animals etc.CH
                  • nfigurativeliterary tones, aesthetic moodCH
                  鬧  nào OC: rnaaws MC: ɳɣɛu 3 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • nabnoise
                  • nabfigurativefull of noise > disturbance, chaotic state, trouble, vaxation, noisy activities
                  • nadNfull of noise, noisy
                  鳴  míng OC: mreŋ MC: mɣaŋ 3 AttributionsWD

                    Word relations
                  • Subject: 牛/BOVINE The current general word for bovines of any kind is niú 牛.

                    Syntactic words
                  • vigive off a sound (as of a drum etc)
                  • vtoNcausativecause to give off a sound> sound, beat (a drum of attack in war)CH
                  音聲  yīn shēng OC: qrɯm qjeŋ MC: ʔim ɕiɛŋ 3 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • NP{N1&N2}sound of music and voice
                  五聲  wǔ shēng MC: nguX syeng OC: ŋaaʔ qjeŋLZ 2 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • NPnonreferentialall sort of tones, tones or music in generalLZ
                  吒  zhà OC: prlaaɡs MC: ʈɣɛ 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vadVnoisily
                  喓  yāo OC: qew MC: ʔiɛu 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vito chirp (sound made by locusts)
                  啾  jiū OC: tsiw MC: tsɨu 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • visound of chirping birds; babbling of childs; resounding of bells
                  • vi.redsound of chirping birds
                  喧  xuān OC: qhon MC: hi̯ɐn 1 AttributionWD

                  Xiāo 囂 and xuān 喧 refer primarily to the din of human voices, but these words do have regular extended uses where they refer to any noisy or irritating sound.

                    Syntactic words
                  • nnoise; clamour
                  • npost-NN=subjectsound made by NDS
                  喔  wō OC: qrooɡ MC: ʔɣɔk 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vito chuckle; cry; sound of a crow
                  嘒  huì OC: qhʷeds MC: hei 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • viactresound; chirp (insects); jingle (bells)
                  囂  xiāo OC: hŋraw MC: hiɛu
                  囂嚻  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 1 AttributionWD

                  Xiāo 囂 and xuān 喧 refer primarily to the din of human voices, but these words do have regular extended uses where they refer to any noisy or irritating sound.

                    Syntactic words
                  • nnoise (typically caused by human clamour)
                  • vinoisy
                  彭  péng OC: braaŋ MC: bɣaŋ 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vionomatopoeiabang!
                  忡  chōng OC: khrluŋ MC: ʈhuŋ 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vi.redonomatopoeiatinkle
                  橐  tuó OC: thaaɡ MC: thɑk 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vionomatopoeia: sound when pounding the earth
                  瑲  qiāng OC: skhaŋ MC: tshi̯ɐŋ 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vitinkle (sound of bells or pendant gems)
                  • vi.redtinkle (sound of bells or pendant gems)LZ
                  翽  huì OC: qhʷaads MC: hɑi 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vimaking the sound of wings; flapping
                  跫  qiāng OC: khrooŋ MC: khɣɔŋ 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vimake a sound (of feet)
                  鏗  kēng OC: khreeŋ MC: khɣɛŋ 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vigive out a sound; give out a twang (both of metallic instruments like bells and of zithers; sound of clinking stones)
                  喤  hōng MC: xwaeng OC: qhʷraaŋLZ 1 AttributionWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vi.reddignified and harmonious (of sound)LZ
                  唧  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • visound of chirping insects
                  啍  tún OC: duun MC: duo̝n 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vionomatopoeiato groan; to creak
                  噦  yuě OC: qʷad MC: ʔi̯ɐt 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vitinkle (sound of bells)
                  嚗  bó OC: proowɡ MC: pɣɔk 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vadVonomatopoeiawith an angry sound
                  央  yāng OC: qaŋ MC: ʔi̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vichime (sound of a bell) (SHI)
                  沖  chōng OC: ɡrluŋ MC: ɖuŋ 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vitinkle
                  • vi.redonomatopoeiamake sound of ice breaking
                  磌  tián OC: diin MC: den 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vithe rumbling sound of falling stones
                  轔  lín OC: rin MC: lin 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vi.redmake a rumbling sound
                  鏘  qiāng OC: skhaŋ MC: tshi̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vitinkle; clang; sing harmoniously
                  雝  yōng OC: qoŋ MC: ʔi̯oŋ 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • vibe harmonious-sounding (bells)
                  鷕  yǎo OC: lowʔ MC: jiɛu 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • nsound (of the female pheasant)
                  啾唧  jiū jí OC: tsiw tsɯɡ MC: tsɨu tsɨk 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • VPionomatopoeiasound of chirping birds and insects > sound of idle chatting: chirp and chatter
                  法聲  fǎ shēng OC: pab qjeŋ MC: pi̯ɐp ɕiɛŋ 0 AttributionsWD
                    Syntactic words
                  • NPabbuddhistBUDDH: dharma-sound; SANSKRIT dharma-śabda

                  Existing SW for

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