WRITE  寫書

PRODUCE a DOCUMENT.
PUT IN WRITINGWRITE DOWNJOT DOWNPUT DOWNNOTETAKE DOWNRECORDREGISTERLOGLISTINSCRIBESIGNSCRIBBLESCRAWLPENCIL.COMPOSEDRAFTTHINK UPFORMULATECOMPILEPENDASH OFFPRODUCE
Hypernym
  • PRODUCEACT so as to DELIBERATELY CAUSE something to BEGIN to EXIST.
    • ACTMOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision.
      • MOVECHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION.
        • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2....
See also
  • BRUSHTOOL CONTAINING a HANDLE AND HAIR OR RESEMBLING THINGS FIXED ON that HANDLE.
    • POETAUTHOR whose WORK is to WRITE POEMS.
      • COPYIMITATE something so as to PRODUCE something BASICALLY RESEMBLING.
        Hyponym
        • ADDRESS　SPEAK OR WRITE INTENDING ANOTHER TO HEAR OR READ AND TO REACT to IT. 
          • COMMAND　ADDRESS someone, USING AUTHORITY, INTENDING to CAUSE that person to ACT RESEMBLE:as one INTENDS him to ACT....
          • CONGRATULATE　ADDRESS someone who is CELEBRATING SOMETHING so as to RITUALLY COMMUNICATE one's GOOD WISHES FOR him/her at THIS TIME.
          • CONSOLE　ADDRESS someone OR INTERACT with someone who is SUFFERING so as to COMMUNICATE one's SYMPATHY with him, and so as to HELP him.
          • DIALOGUE　MUTUAL ADDRESSING EXCHANGED between those who MUTUALLY LISTEN....
          • DEMAND　ADDRESS someone so as to COMMAND that that person ACT:do something.
          • FAREWELL　ADDRESS someone to REPORT that one is FUTURE:about-to LEAVE, OFTEN:typically COMMUNICATING one's GOOD WISHES FOR him.
          • PERMIT　ADDRESS someone with AUTHORITY so as to SAY that one does NOT FORBID what s/he is HOPING to ACT:do.
          • PRAY　ADDRESS DEITIES OFTEN:typically with RITUAL REQUESTS.
          • PROMISE　ADDRESS ANOTHER SAYING that one FUTURE:will CERTAINLY DO something DESIRED by him/her....
          • ANSWER　ADDRESS someone who has ADDRESSED one REQUESTING such an ADDRESS as a REACTION.
          • REPORT　ADDRESS others so as to CAUSE them to BECOME AWARE of a FACT....
          • REQUEST　To ADDRESS someone so as to TRY TO CAUSE him/her TO ACT in a certain way....
          • TEACH　ADDRESS OTHERS so as to TRY to CAUSE them to HAVE SKILLS OR TALENTS.*Teaching by the teacher X, to learner Y, of content Z....
          • THANK　ADDRESS someone so as to SHOW GRATEFUL:gratitude, USING WORDS.
          • WARN　ADDRESS someone so as to CAUSE him to UNDERSTAND what one BELIEVES to be DANGEROUS FOR him.
          • OATH　ADDRESS someone DECLARING INTENSELY that what one is SAYING is TRUE, and in so doing REFERRING to DEITIES as WITNESSES.
          • COMMUNICATE　MUTUALLY ADDRESS so as to CAUSE an IDEA to be UNDERSTOOD.
          • ADVISE　ADDRESS someone INTENDing to HELP  his/her PLANing. ...
          • CHALLENGE　ADDRESS someone so as DEMAND to FIGHT WITH him, OR so as to DEMAND another COURAGEOUS REACTION.
          • PREACH　ADDRESS OTHERS in EXPLAINING SUPERNATURAL TRUTHS.
          • GREET　ADDRESS someone one is MEETING NOW COMMUNICATING one's GOOD WISHES FOR her/him.
          • REPROACH　ADDRESS someone so as to BLAME him/her.
          • INSULT　ADDRESS SOMEONE SO AS TO CAUSE HIM TO BECOME ANGRY
        • RECORD　WRITE so as to TRANSMIT TO FUTURE GENERATIONS.
          • COMPILE　WRITE, USING AND COMBINING OTHER MATERIAL.
            • PUNCTUATION　WRITE SYMBOLS which DIVIDE SENTENCES.
              Old Chinese Criteria
              1. The standard current word for writing something down or noting it down is shū 書, and this word can never refer to an act of literary creation.

              2. Zhù 著 and zhuàn 撰 are late words referring to the act of writing of a text.

              3. Xiě 寫 refers to copying and transcribing rather than writing as such.

              4. Lù 錄, zhì 志, and jì 記 refer to the act of recording, formally or informally.

              5. Biān 編, lí 離, and zhǔ 屬 refer to the compilation of texts.

              黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
              HUANG JINGUI 2006

              EDUCATION 14. 文獻複製。

              書，書寫的通稱。

              寫，抄寫、臨摹；宋代以後產生書寫義。

              錄，抄錄。

              鈔，專指謄寫。

              謄，照原稿抄寫，後起口語詞。

              用於字畫：臨，照原樣抄寫；

              摹，直接將紙覆在原本上照抄。

              描，依樣摹寫或繪畫，成都輕於摹。

              Modern Chinese Criteria
              寫

              寫字

              編著

              撰寫

              揮筆

              揮毫

              題筆

              揮灑

              援毫

              搦管

              執筆

              援筆

              落筆

              落墨

              書寫

              開筆

              運筆

              命筆

              涉筆

              振筆

              著筆

              下筆

              手擬 (lit) is to make a hand-written old-fashioned draft.

              書

              泐 (utterly obs) "inscribe"

              題

              rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

              • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 18.51

              • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 231

              • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 2.309

              • Das grosse China-Lexikon ( STAIGER 2003) p. 651

              • Kleine Schriften Deutsche Ostasienstudien ( UNGER 2009) p. 31-52

              • "Sachwoerterbuch zum Alten China" ( UNGER SACH) p.

                SCHRIFT

              • 東漢﹣隨常用詞演變研究 ( WANG WEIHUI 2000) p. 237

              • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 228

                1. WL 229 fails to consider the determining feature of shu1 書 which is that this word always refers to an act of writing down rather than an act of creating texts.

              • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 280ff

              • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 339

              • New Dictiornary of the History of Ideas, 6 vols. ( HOROWITZ 2005) p.

                COMMUNICATION OF IDEAS: ORALITY AND THE ADVENT OF WRITING (JACK GOODY)

              Words

              書  shū OC: qhlja MC: ɕi̯ɤ 43 AttributionsWD

              The standard current word for writing something down or noting it down is shū 書, and this word can never refer to an act of literary creation.

                Word relations
              • Object: 學/STUDY The dominant word is xué 學 (ant. jiào 教 "train teach")which refers primarily to studying or training under another person, and secondarily to the learning by heart texts. Very often, the word retains a tinge of immitation.
              • Synon: 記/WRITE Lù 錄, zhì 志, and jì 記 refer to the act of recording, formally or informally.

                Syntactic words
              • nab.post-V{NUM}actstyle of writing
              • nabactact/practice of writing
              • nabmethodthe art of writing; the writing system
              • vadNregistered, written-down
              • vi+.Vt[0]+Swrite a letter saying SCH
              • vt(oN)write a contextually determinate document or text N; write (the same thing)
              • vt+Vt.oSwrite down 書曰
              • vt[oN]write characters
              • vtoNobject=inscriptionwrite書銘; reduce to writing
              • vtt(oN1.)+prep+N2write the contextually determinate thing N1 down on the object N2
              作  zuò OC: tsaaɡs MC: tsuo̝
              作  zuò OC: tsaals MC: tsɑ
              作  zuò OC: tsaaɡ MC: tsɑk 14 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Synon: 著/WRITE Zhù 著 and zhuàn 撰 are late words referring to the act of writing of a text.

                Syntactic words
              • vtoNwrite or compose (a document)
              • vtoNimperativewrite!
              著  zhù OC: k-las MC: ʈi̯ɤ 13 AttributionsWD

              Zhù 著 and zhuàn 撰 are late words referring to the act of writing of a text.

                Word relations
              • Contrast: 垂/TRANSMIT Chuí 垂 refers to the intentional continuation of a tradition, the causing that tradition not to be disrupted.
              • Contrast: 表/SHOW Biǎo 表 refers to making something publicly visible, by publishing or by display.
              • Assoc: 紀/RECORD Jì 紀 is sometimes used interchangeably with jì 記, but the specific force of jì 紀 is to focus not just on recording but on the compilation and redaction of a comprehensive record.
              • Synon: 作 / 作 / 作/WRITE

                Syntactic words
              • vtoNcommit to writing; 著所聞 "write down what one has heard"; to compose in writing; compose a record of, celebrate in writing
              • vttoN.+prep+N{PLACE}middle voice著乎竹帛"be written down on bamboo and silk": get written down on 
              為  wéi OC: ɢʷal MC: ɦiɛ 7 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoN為此詩者 "he who has written/composed this song": produce in writing> write; work on writing; compose
              • vttoN.+VtoScompose N which follows as SDS
              屬  zhǔ OC: tjoɡ MC: tɕi̯ok 6 AttributionsWD

              Biān 編, lí 離, and zhǔ 屬 refer to the compilation of texts.

                Syntactic words
              • vtoNcompose, put together
              • vtoNpassivebe composed, be put together as literatureCH
              文  wén OC: mɯn MC: mi̯un 6 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nadNwritten; in written form
              • nadVin written form, in writing
              • nobjectwhat is written> written text> language
              撰  zhuàn OC: sɡroonʔ MC: ɖʐɣan 4 AttributionsWD

              Zhù 著 and zhuàn 撰 are late words referring to the act of writing of a text.

                Syntactic words
              • vtoNcompile writings, write, compose
              造  zào OC: sɡuuʔ MC: dzɑu 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoNcreate a written text > write, compose
              制  zhì OC: kjeds MC: tɕiɛi 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoNproduce (a text) > write, author
              • vtoN.+VtoSwrite/author a text saying
              編  biān OC: pen MC: piɛn 2 AttributionsWD

              Biān 編, lí 離, and zhǔ 屬 refer to the compilation of texts.

                Syntactic words
              • vtoNarrange writing strips in proper order; edit, compile
              書寫  shū xiě OC: qhlja sqaʔ MC: ɕi̯ɤ sɣɛ 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPt(oN)write down and record the contextually determinate material　[sometimes alternative texts have 盡寫]
              題作  tí zuò OC: ɡ-lee tsaaɡ MC: dei tsɑk 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPtoNmake an inscription of, inscribe
              作為  zuò wéi MC: tsuH hjweH OC: tsaaɡ ɢʷalCH 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPtoNwrite, compose (literary works) CH
              言  yán MC: ngjon OC: ŋanCH 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoNof texts: write, formulate (as follows)CH
              曰  yuē OC: ɢʷad MC: ɦi̯ɐt 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoS.postV(write down, make a record) as follows:
              筆  bǐ OC: prud MC: pit 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nabactactivity of writing
              • vtoNwrite out
              署  shǔ OC: ɡljas MC: dʑi̯ɤ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vt+Vt.oSwrite a submission (saying...) 署曰
              錄  lù OC: rog MC: li̯ok 1 AttributionWD

              Lù 錄, zhì 志, and jì 記 refer to the act of recording, formally or informally.

                Syntactic words
              • vtoNto record; to record on (some material)
              題  tí OC: ɡ-lee MC: dei 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoNinscribe, write out
              草創  cǎo chuàng OC: tshuuʔ skhraŋs MC: tshɑu ʈʂhi̯ɐŋ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPtoNwrite a rough draft for (a document)
              作文  zuò wén MC: tsuH mjun OC: tsaaɡ mɯnCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabcompose literature, write literary works, write poetic worksCH
              立  lì MC: lip  OC: ɡ-rub CH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoNderivedput down and establish as part of one's composition> writeCH
              作者  zuò zhě MC: tsuH tsyaeX OC: tsaaɡ kljaʔCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPoriginal creative writersCH
              寫  xiě OC: sqaʔ MC: sɣɛ 0 AttributionsWD

              Xiě 寫 refers to copying and transcribing rather than writing as such in early medieval Chinese.

                Syntactic words
              • vt(oN1.)+prep+N2write the contextually determinate N1 on N2
              • vtoNHANSHU, yiwenzhi: copy, transcribe
              志  zhì OC: kljɯs MC: tɕɨ 0 AttributionsWD

              Lù 錄, zhì 志, and jì 記 refer to the act of recording, formally or informally.

                Syntactic words
              柿  shì OC: dzrɯʔ MC: ɖʐɨ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nscrapings removed with a knife in order to erase mistakes made when writing on a strip.
              籍  jí OC: sɡaɡ MC: dziɛk 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoNZUO Cheng 2: to register as a historian, to make a public record
              纂  zuǎn MC: tswanX OC: skoonʔ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoNcompile
              記  jì OC: kɯs MC: kɨ 0 AttributionsWD

              Lù 錄, zhì 志, and jì 記 refer to the act of recording, formally or informally.

                Word relations
              • Synon: 書/WRITE The standard current word for writing something down or noting it down is shū 書, and this word can never refer to an act of literary creation.

                Syntactic words
              離  lí OC: b-rel MC: liɛ 0 AttributionsWD

              Biān 編, lí 離, and zhǔ 屬 refer to the compilation of texts.

                Syntactic words
              • vtoNHF 8.6.12: compose (a proposal, a text)
              六書  liù shū OC: ɡ-ruɡ qhlja MC: luk ɕi̯ɤ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabactsix ways of writing characters (defined as two quite separate sets in the Shuōwén dictionary)
              書判  shū pàn OC: qhlja phaans MC: ɕi̯ɤ phʷɑn 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabactcalligraphy and style (DCD)
              殺青  shā qīng OC: sreed tsheeŋ MC: ʂɣɛt tsheŋ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPtoNcompose
              鳥書  niǎo shū OC: ntɯɯwʔ qhlja MC: teu ɕi̯ɤ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabtext"bird writing style"
                Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: CH 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPicompose literature, write literary works, write poetic worksCH
                Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: CH 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vtoNput down and establish as part of one's composition> writeCH

              Existing SW for

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