IMITATE  模仿效

CONFORM to TYPICAL ACTIONS of a HUMAN OR ANIMAL so as to RESEMBLE THAT HUMAN OR ANIMAL.
EMULATECOPYMODEL ONESELF ONFOLLOWECHOPARROTINFORMAL RIP OFFKNOCK OFFPIRATEMIMICDO AN IMPRESSION OFIMPERSONATEAPEPARODYCARICATUREBURLESQUETRAVESTYINFORMAL TAKE OFFSEND UPMAKE LIKEMOCK
Hypernym
  • CONFORMACT so as to NOT to OFFEND against RULES OR a MODEL.
    • ACTMOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision.
      • MOVECHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION.
        • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2....
Hyponym
  • COPY　IMITATE something so as to PRODUCE something BASICALLY RESEMBLING.
    • STUDY　INVESTIGATE THINGS OR IMITATE ANOTHER so as to STRIVE FOR SKILLFULNESS, KNOWING AND UNDERSTANDING.
      • PHILOSOPHY　SYSTEMATIC STUDY AIMING for WISDOM AND AIMING to be BASED on SYSTEMATIC EXPLAIN:explanation AND PROVE:proof....
      • COSMOLOGY　SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE WHOLE WORLD.
      • ONTOLOGY　SYSTEMATIC GENERAL STUDY OF WHAT EXISTS INSOFAR-AS IT EXISTS.
      • ESCHATOLOGY　SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE END OF THE WORLD.
    • EMULATE　IMITATE so as to make an EFFORT to BECOME EQUALLY EXCELLENT.
      Old Chinese Criteria
      1. The current general word for imitation is xiào 效.

      2. Xué 學 refers to a systematic attempt to imitate an admired model, often as a method of self-cultivation.

      3. Fǎ 法 refers to modelling oneself on distant ideals, typical abstract, or historically placed in the distant mythical past.

      4. Zé 則 refers to taking something abstract and authoritative as one's fixed obligatory guideline.

      5. Xiàng 象 refers to an abstract, almost metaphysical making oneself into a living icon of a higher authoritative model, typically of an abstract or cosmological kind.

      6. Nǐ 擬 and fǎng 倣 / 仿 refer to an attempt to produce a true copy or a true representation of another representation.

      7. Xiě 寫 refers primarily to the production of a true pictorial representation of another representation. See COPY

      Modern Chinese Criteria
      模仿

      效仿

      仿效

      模擬

      仿照

      取法

      師法

      效法

      憲章

      祖述

      步武

      踵武

      學舌

      因襲

      依傍

      效尤

      效顰

      仿

      法

      摹

      學

      學習

      套

      效

      擬

      東施效顰

      邯鄲學步

      鸚鵡學舌

      調嘴學舌

      照貓畫虎

      照葫蘆畫瓢

      依樣畫葫蘆

      優孟衣冠

      心摹手追

      步人後塵

      如法炮製

      人云亦云

      亦步亦趨

      rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

      • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 786

      • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

        IMITATE

        imitari refers to the effort to produce something that is like something else or to act like someone else, and the term is general positive in connotation. This imitation may or may not turn out successful.

        aemulari refers to imitation as an effort to gain equal or superior consideration, honour, or approbation, when compared with what is being imitated; and the term is often pejorative.

        simulari refers to an effort to pass for something which one actually and naturally is not nor ever can be.

      • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 114

      • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

        IMITATIO

      • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 2.1833

      • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 6.319

        NACHAHMUNG

      • Ästhetische Grundbegriffe ( BARCK 2010) p. 4.84

      • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 2.14:13

        IMITER.COPIER.CONTREFAIRE

      Words

      法  fǎ OC: pab MC: pi̯ɐp 50 AttributionsWD

      Fǎ 法 refers to modelling oneself on distant ideals, typical abstract, or historically placed in the distant mythical past.

        Word relations
      • Object: 古/ANCIENT
      • Assoc: 象/IMITATE Xiàng 象 refers to an abstract, almost metaphysical making oneself into a living icon of a higher authoritative model, typically of an abstract or cosmological kind.
      • Synon: 追/IMITATE
      • Synon: 循/FOLLOW Xún 循 is to follow certain guidelines or a certain prescribed path, as a matter of prudential strategy, and typically in a rather mechanical or habitual manner.

        Syntactic words
      • vt+prep+Ntake one's model from
      • vtoNmodel oneself after; emulate, take as a model, follow as a method
      • vtoNfollow the pattern of; model oneself on, take as a modelCH
      • vtoNpassivebe taken as a model
      效  xiào OC: ɡreews MC: ɦɣɛu 22 AttributionsWD

      The current general word for imitation is xiào 效.

        Syntactic words
      • nobjectsomething to imitate; object for emulation; model
      • vadVby way of imitation or emulation; acting according to
      • vt(oN)imitate the contextually determinate things
      • vtoNHF 8.1.15: emulate (the sage); imitate; live up to; act according to
      • vtoN.adVby imitating (something) to V
      • vtoNabimitate the Nab-ingCH
      學  xué OC: ɡruuɡ MC: ɦɣɔk 5 AttributionsWD

      Xué 學 refers to a systematic attempt to imitate an admired model, often as a method of self-cultivation.

        Syntactic words
      • vt+prep+NimitateCH
      • vtoNimitate (something); emulate; study trying to become like> study to become
      象  xiàng OC: sɢlaŋʔ MC: zi̯ɐŋ 4 AttributionsWD

      Xiàng 象 refers to an abstract, almost metaphysical making oneself into a living icon of a higher authoritative model, typically of an abstract or cosmological kind.

        Word relations
      • Assoc: 法/IMITATE Fǎ 法 refers to modelling oneself on distant ideals, typical abstract, or historically placed in the distant mythical past.

        Syntactic words
      • vtoNHF 8.7.9: live after the image of (Heaven and Earth), emulate; to imitate something, to take something as model
      則  zé OC: skɯɯɡ MC: tsək 3 AttributionsWD

      Zé 則 refers to taking something abstract and authoritative as one's fixed obligatory guideline.

        Word relations
      • Synon: 順/CONFORM Perhaps the most general and the most current word describing conformity to a norm is shùn 順 (ant. nì 逆 "go against").

        Syntactic words
      • vt(oN)follow as a guidelineLZ
      • vtoNfollow as a guideline
      寫  xiě OC: sqaʔ MC: sɣɛ 3 AttributionsWD

      Xiě 寫 refers primarily to the production of a true pictorial representation of another representation. See COPY

        Syntactic words
      • vtoNimitate
      從  cóng OC: dzoŋ MC: dzi̯oŋ 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNfollow the same path as
      匹  pǐ OC: phid MC: phit 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNemulate, pretend to be like; pretend to be
      同  tóng OC: looŋ MC: duŋ 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vttoN1.+prep+N2causativecause (oneself) to be the same as N2> emulate N2
      擬  nǐ OC: ŋɡɯʔ MC: ŋɨ 2 AttributionsWD

      Nǐ 擬 and fǎng 倣/仿 refer to an attempt to produce a true copy or a true representation of another representation.

        Syntactic words
      • vt+prep+Nimitate N
      • vtoNimitate without authorisation
      為  wěi MC: -- OC: -- 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNact like Npr
      • vtoNimitate someoneLZ
      習  xí OC: sɢlɯb MC: zip 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNN=humdedicate oneself to the emulation of; imitate the ways of; emulate the practice of; continue the tradition of
      法象  fǎ xiàng OC: pab sɢlaŋʔ MC: pi̯ɐp zi̯ɐŋ 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNmodel oneself on
      憲  xiàn OC: qhans MC: hi̯ɐn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNtake as one's model or pattern
      附  fù OC: bos MC: bi̯o 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vt+prep+Ndo as N did or does
      方  fáng MC: bjang OC: baŋCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNimitateCH
      取象  qǔ xiàng MC: tshjuX zjangX OC: skhoʔ sɢlaŋʔLZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt prep Ntake N for an example, model oneself on NLZ
      仿  fǎng OC: phaŋʔ MC: phi̯ɐŋ
      仿放  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 AttributionsWD

        Word relations

        Syntactic words
      • vtoNimitate
      倣  fǎng OC: paŋʔ MC: pi̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD

      Nǐ 擬 and fǎng 倣/仿 refer to an attempt to produce a true copy or a true representation of another representation.

        Syntactic words
      • vtoNHN: imitate (later written 仿)
      并  bìng OC: peŋs MC: piɛŋ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNimitate, pretend to the status of????
      式  shì OC: lʰɯɡ MC: ɕɨk 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • nmodel
      追  zhuī OC: krlul MC: ʈi 0 AttributionsWD

        Word relations
      • Synon: 法/IMITATE Fǎ 法 refers to modelling oneself on distant ideals, typical abstract, or historically placed in the distant mythical past.

        Syntactic words
      • vtoNemulate; aspire to equal, try to live up to,
      擬作  nǐ zuò OC: ŋɡɯʔ tsaaɡ MC: ŋɨ tsɑk 0 AttributionsWD
      • () p. 3778b

        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNimitate, make an imitation of

      Existing SW for

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