POND 池塘
SMALL LAKE PRODUCED by HUMANS.
Old Chinese Criteria
2. Zhǎo 沼 is an elevated word referring to elaborate artificial lakes in or near palaces and the like, although the word can also come to refer more generally to natural lakes and marshlands.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
GEOGRAPHY 17.
池，蓄水池，通稱，有娛樂、水產養殖等多種用途。
瀦，利用低窪地構築堤壩、用來灌溉的蓄水池，南方用語。
陂，利用窪地、坡谷障圍而成的大水池，主要用於灌田。
塘，人工築堤而成的方形水池。
湖，大於陂的人工水庫，用於灌溉，南方用語。
Modern Chinese Criteria
池沼
池子
池
塘
玉池
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
- Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen
(
FINSTERBUSCH 1966)
p.
241 Teich:
- Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen
(
FINSTERBUSCH 2000)
p.
808 Teich; Lotosteich
- Table de definitions, pp. 437-
(
LEIBNIZ 1704)
p.
442 - 王力古漢語字典
(
WANG LI 2000)
p.
577 池，沼
1. WL maintain that in the meaning "pond, pool" the words are completely synonymous. This is certainly not so. Zha3o 沼 is a dignified word belonging to an elevated style, hence li2ng zha3o 靈沼 and never li2ng chi2 靈池. Zha3o 沼 is often deep and round, with fish typically diving deep into it, whereas chi2 池 can be elongated and curved, as in qu3 chi2 曲池 "winding lakes". The association of zha3o 沼 is with palaces and the like, that of chi2 池 is with platforms and orchards, gardens, orchards. There is no 園沼 nor is there a pu3 zha3o 圃沼. These are chi2 池. Lakes hu2 湖 are associated with chi2 池 "ponds" as sources for food, never zha3o 沼, which are too elevated to be used for such mundane purposes.
YTL 04.17.05; Wang 1992: 153; Wang 1995: 220; Lu: 235; tr. Gale 1931: 107;
食湖池， Indeed with him who feeds on the Nation掇 lakes and pools
Chi2 池 are often (though by no means always) mundane things, zha3o 沼 never are. Thus we always have the proverbial jiu3 chi2 酒池 and no jiu3 zha3o 酒沼. A king might go out to shoot birds at a chi2 池 "meandering lake" somewhere, but the zha3o 沼 tend to be near or within the confines of palaces and the like:
HSWZ 09.10.01; tr. Hightower 1951, p.298f
齊景公出弋昭華之池， Duke Ching of Ch剫 went on a shooting expedition to the lake at Chao-hua.
The constant reference to ga1o ta2i she1n chi2 高臺深池 suggests that the chi2 池 were those places where the earth for the platforms was taken, just as in the case of city walls.
Words
池 chí OC: rlal MC: ɖiɛ 34 AttributionsWD
The most common word for an artificial lake of any kind is chí 池, and this word typically refers to a meandering lake, sometimes close in shape to a moat, particularly round elevated terraces and the like, around gardens and orchards, but also as part of palaces.
- Word relations
- Epithet: 深 / 深/DEEP
The dominant current general word for anything deep in any sense is shēn 深 (ant. qiǎn 淺"shallow"). - Assoc: 園/GARDEN
The general term for a garden is yuán 園, and such gardens are primarily for fruit and vegetables, and they are walled for protection against theft. - Assoc: 沼/POND
Zhǎo 沼 is an elevated word referring to elaborate artificial lakes in or near palaces and the like, although the word can also come to refer more generally to natural lakes and marshlands. - Assoc: 洿/LAKE
- Assoc: 臺/TOWER
The most current general word for an elevated building erected for pleasure is tái 臺, and the word refers originally to a raised platform with stairs leading up to it, and with balustrades. In ancient China, most of important building were raised on platforms built of rammed earth. This custom spread already in the third millenium B.C. Since these times, large platforms without substantial buildings on it were also known, and they probably served to important public purposes. In the Chunqiu period, tái 臺 were often part of palaces. The period during which raised platforms - built for pleasure - most flourished was nevertheless the Warring States and Han. [HUANG 1995: 1116 - 1117] - Assoc: 陂/DIKE
Bēi 陂 refers specifically to a dam surrounding a rain water reservoir. [Mentioned already in SHIJING]
- Syntactic words
- nartificial lake; winding pond surrounding a platform coming close in form to a moat; meandering lake (on the edges of Heaven)深池，曲池；天池
- npost-Npond closer characterised by NDS
沼 zhǎo OC: kljewʔ MC: tɕiɛu 7 AttributionsWD
Zhǎo 沼 is an elevated word referring to elaborate artificial lakes in or near palaces and the like, although the word can also come to refer more generally to natural lakes and marshlands.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 池/POND
The most common word for an artificial lake of any kind is chí 池, and this word typically refers to a meandering lake, sometimes close in shape to a moat, particularly round elevated terraces and the like, around gardens and orchards, but also as part of palaces.
- 古辭辨 Gu ci bian
(
WANG FENGYANG 1993)
p.
576.2
- Syntactic words
- npool; pond
陂池 bēi chí OC: pral rlal MC: piɛ ɖiɛ 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPnonreferentialponds and lakes with dikes
汪 wāng OC: qʷaaŋ MC: ʔɑŋ 2 AttributionsWD
a pond
- 古辭辨 Gu ci bian
(
WANG FENGYANG 1993)
p.
721.2
- Syntactic words
- na pond
汙池 wù chí OC: qʷlaas rlal MC: ʔuo̝ ɖiɛ 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPponds
沼池 zhǎo chí OC: kljewʔ rlal MC: tɕiɛu ɖiɛ 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPponds
塘 táng OC: ɡ-laaŋ MC: dɑŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- npost-Han, Tang: four-cornered artificial basin
海 hǎi OC: hmlɯɯʔ MC: həi 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nlarge pond
Existing SW for
Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database:
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