UNTIL    一直到及

WHILE:during a PERIOD ENDING at a DEFINED TIME.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The most current and most general word for "until" is zhì 至. 2. Jí 及 is in fact not very common in early texts. 3. Dào 到 is a colourless abstract word for "until" which became current only in Han times. 4. Qì 迄 is an archaic and poetic word for until that became obsolete by Han times.
Modern Chinese Criteria
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／ LU JIANMING
Hypernym
  • WHILE　DURING the PERIOD WHEN S. GRAMMAR[] (anc: 5/0, child: 2)
  • PERIOD　TIME CONSISTING of a LIMITED SEQUENCE of MOMENTS. (anc: 4/0, child: 20)
  • TIME　ABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN. (anc: 3/0, child: 11)
  • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 453©

    Ad

    nota termini, quo res tendit 1. seu loci, 2. seu temporis, 3. seu mensurae respectu.

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    UNTIL

    adhuc refers to the time up to this moment.

    hactenus and hucusque are local and refer to the place up to which something is so.

    • Words (12 items)

    及  jí OC: ɡrɯb MC: gip 29 Attributions

    Jí 及 "until" is in fact not very common in early texts

      Syntactic words
    • vt0oN.adSit reaches a time of (so-and-so many years)
    • vt0oN1:post-.Vt'0oN2:.adSuntil (place or time); by the time of CHECK EXAMPLES ETC
    • vt0oS1post.Vt0oS2until
    • vt[0]oN.postadVupto, down to (a place) 入及，侵及
    至  zhì OC: kljiɡs MC: tɕi 18 Attributions

    The most current and most general word for "until"

      Syntactic words
    • vt0+prep+N.postadVuntil; upto
    • vt01+prep+N1.postVt02+N2:adSuntil; to 由。。。至於
    • vt0oN.adSuntil
    • vt0oN.adVuntil
    • vt0oN.postadVuntil
    • vt0oN1.post-N2:adSuntil
    以至  yǐ zhì OC: k-lɯʔ kljiɡs MC: jɨ tɕi 8 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VP0adS1.postS2do S2 until it comes to S1
    • VPt0+prep+N1.post-:vtoN2:.adSN=timefrom the time N2 until the time N1
    • VPt0oN1.post-:Vt0oN2:.adSfrom N1 until N2 自從。。。至於
    乃至  nǎi zhì OC: nɯɯʔ kljiɡs MC: nəi tɕi 8 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt+N.adS(even) when it came to N,...
    • VPt+prep+N.adVuntil
    • VPt0oS1.postS2to the point when S, to the point of S happening
    到  dào OC: k-laaws MC: tɑu 4 Attributions

    Dào 到 is a colourless abstract word for "until" which became current only in Han times.

      Syntactic words
    • vt0.+prep+N:adVtimedown to, until
    • vt0oN.adSuntil
    • vt[0]oN.postadVN=placeuntil the place N
    直至  zhí zhì OC: dɯɡ kljiɡs MC: ɖɨk tɕi 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt0oN.adScoverb: right until; exactly from the time onwards
    至于  zhì yú OC: kljiɡs ɢʷra MC: tɕi ɦi̯o 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoN.adSuntil
    迨  dài OC: lɯɯʔ MC: dəi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt0oNPab{S}.adSuntil; when
    迄  qì OC: qhɯd MC: hɨt 1 Attribution

    Qì 迄 is an archaic and poetic word for until that became obsolete by Han times.

      Syntactic words
    • vt0.+prep+N:adVuntil SHI 以迄於今; CC 迄乎今兮
    • vt0oN.adSuntil
    逮  dài OC: ɡ-lɯɯds MC: dəi 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Synon: 及/UNTIL Jí 及 "until" is in fact not very common in early texts

      Syntactic words
    • vt0oN1:post-.Vt'0oN2:.adSuntil; down to (such and such a person)
    及至  jí zhì OC: ɡrɯb kljiɡs MC: gip tɕi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt0oN1:post-.Vt0oN2:.adSfrom N2 until N1
    遂至  suì zhì OC: sɢluds kljiɡs MC: zi tɕi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt[0]oN.postadVthis V-ing lasting until> until