OUTSIDE  外面

The SPACE which does NOT BE-IN something.
BEYONDEXTERIOREXTERNALOUTERAWAY
Hypernym
  • SPACEWhat ALL THINGS BE-IN:are-in.
    • BE INRELATION between a THING AND what that THING FILLS OR PART:partially FILLS.
      • RELATIONFEATURE of TWO OR MORE THINGS TOGETHER.
        • FEATUREABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE....
See also
  • AWAYFROM HERE OR FROM THERE, DISTANT FROM one's SELF:own DWELLING. 
    • APPEARANCECLEAR:visible BUT SUBJECTIVELY PERCEIVED FEATURES.
      Hyponym
      • PUBLIC OUTSIDE the HOME, AND what CAN be KNOWN by OR SHOWN to MANY.
        • ABROAD OUTSIDE one's STATE OR OUTSIDE CHINA.
          Old Chinese Criteria
          ATTACHED or DETACHED

          CONCRETE or ABSTRACT

          SPATIAL or TEMPORAL

          1. The dominant word for outside is wài 外, a word with great semantic and syntactic flexibility. Typically DETACHED, SPATIAL, CONCRETE and fig ABSTRACT.

          2. Biǎo 表 refers to the outside of something as surface part of what it is the outside of. ATTACHED, CONCRETE, SPATIAL.

          Modern Chinese Criteria
          外表

          外邊

          外面

          浮面

          皮面

          表層

          表皮

          浮皮兒

          浮頭兒

          rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH /

          • Novyj objasnitel'nyj Slovar' Sinonimov Russkogo Jazyka ( APRESJAN 2004) p. 622;1059

          • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

            BEYOND

            ultra refers to what is beyond a certain boundary with emphasis on the relative distance of what lies on the other side.

            trans refers to the others side of something.

            uls is antiquated for trans.

          • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. 7

          • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 351

          • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.176.136

            EXTERIEUR.DEHORS.APPARENCE

          • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.215

          Attributions by syntactic funtion

          • nadV : 12
          • nab : 12
          • n[adN1:]post-.N ZHI : 8
          • npost-N : 8
          • vtoN : 7
          • nadN : 7
          • npost-.N+ZHI : 6
          • n(post-N) : 5
          • vt+prep+N : 5
          • n[adN] : 4
          • vi : 4
          • n{PLACE}adV : 4
          • vt(oN) : 2
          • vadN : 2
          • n[post-N1.adN2] : 2
          • npost-Nab : 2
          • n : 2
          • vpostadV : 1
          • vpost-.VtoN : 1
          • NPadV : 1
          • nadS : 1
          • npostadV : 1

          Attributions by text

          • 韓非子 : 18
          • 說苑 : 12
          • 春秋左傳 : 10
          • 孟子 : 6
          • 搜神記 : 5
          • 荀子 : 5
          • 阮籍集四卷 : 5
          • 祖堂集 : 5
          • 尹文子 : 4
          • 文子 : 4
          • 莊子 : 3
          • 淮南子 : 3
          • 六祖壇經 : 3
          • 禮記 : 2
          • 孫子 : 2
          • 臨濟錄 : 2
          • 文選 : 1
          • 史記 : 1
          • 劉義慶世說新語 : 1
          • 王羲之集二卷 : 1
          • 天中記 : 1
          • 論衡 : 1
          • 百喻經 : 1
          • 郭店楚簡語叢一 : 1

          Words

            wài OC: ŋoods MC: ŋɑi 81 AttributionsWD

          The dominant word for outside is wài 外, a word with great semantic and syntactic flexibility.

            Word relations
          • Ant: 中/INSIDE Zhōng 中 (ant. e.g. pàn 畔 "the margins"(!), cf. 江中 versus 江畔) typically refers to the centre of a domain and contrasts with the margins or what lies just outside that domain. There are degrees of zhōng 中: some things may be more central, closer to the core, than others. Note that 中國 does not contrast with 外國 but with ZHOULI 遠國 or occasionally jué guó 絕國. Ancient China did not recognise foreign "states".
          • Ant: 內/INSIDE The current general word for the inside of three-dimensional objects as opposed to what is outside them is nèi 內 (ant. wài 外), but this word is sometimes used to refer quite generally to the insides territories and the like. There are no degrees of neì 內: things are either inside or outside.
          • Ant: 裡/INSIDE Lǐ 裡 (ant. biǎo 表) is rare and refers in a rather abstract way to what is inward rather than mereley outward.
          • Ant: 納 / 內/INSIDE
          • Synon: 表/OUTSIDE Biǎo 表 refers to the outside of something as surface part of what it is the outside of.
          • Oppos: 我/ONESELF 自我

            Syntactic words
          • n[adN1:]post-.N ZHIthose outsideCH
          • n(post-N)Outside the country, outside the state
          • n(post-N)N=placethe area outside (of the body, the city,the house)
          • n[adN]plurthose on the outside; those outside the family
          • n[post-N1.adN2]things N2 that are outside oneself N1CH
          • n[post-N1.adN2]philosophicalrealm outside (of the contextually determinate N)CH
          • n[post-N1.adN2]subj=nonhumanwhat is outside > external matters
          • n[post-N1adN2]external things; what is outside oneself.CH
          • nabactbeing abroad, not being at home or in one's own state; going abroad
          • nabdimensionthe outside, the external aspect
          • nabeventsomething extraodinary, not in the main trend
          • nabfigurativeoutside
          • nadNnon-insider, outsider; extraneous and independent of oneself; originating from the outside
          • nadNconcreteouterLZ
          • nadNfigurativebe external
          • nadNmetaphysicalmerely external; inessential
          • nadSin public life; outside one's family
          • nadVexternally; on the outside; as a visible expression; towards the outside
          • nadVfigurativeelsewhereCH
          • npost-.N+ZHIoutside of N, outside the place N
          • npost-.N+ZHIderivedtime: beyond/before the times of N (e.g. 五帝之外)LZ
          • npost-Noutside N
          • npost-Nabfigurativewhat is irrelevant to NabCH
          • npost-Nderivedtime: beyond the time-span designated by N, after NCH
          • npost-Nplaceoutside the N, beyond N
          • npostadVfrom the outside;
          • nsurfacethe outer surface
          • n{PLACE}adVoutside; outside the court; towards the outside; viewed from the outside
          • v(oN)be external to the contextually determinate N,  be outside N,  occasionally: turn to outsiders
          • vadNexternal (as opposed to what is inside of the family or state); foreign (of affairs etc.)DS
          • vadNfigurativefor extraneous purposes
          • viphilosophicalbe something external to the mind (and not internal or endogenic)CH
          • vtoNgo beyond the limits NLZ
          • vtoNcausative(cause to be outside>) keep at bay, keep away; keep away from the centre of power; cause to be outside (and not inside where it belongs)
          • vtoNputativeregard as external; regard as an outsider
            chū OC: khljud MC: tɕhʷit 14 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • DELETE
          • vpost-.VtoNV=prepositioncome out from NDS
          • vpostadVverbal complementV as to get outsideDS
          • vt(oN)N=placecome out of the contextually determinate place NDS
          • vt+prep+Nfigurativego beyondCH
          • vtoN(of arrows etc) land outside of, hit outside of (the target)CH
          • vtoNcausativecause N to get outside > bring outDS
          • vtoNN=sourcecome our from NDS
            biǎo OC: prawʔ MC: piɛu 1 AttributionWD

          Biǎo 表 refers to the outside of something as surface part of what it is the outside of.

            Word relations
          • Ant: 裡/INSIDE Lǐ 裡 (ant. biǎo 表) is rare and refers in a rather abstract way to what is inward rather than mereley outward.
          • Synon: 外/OUTSIDE The dominant word for outside is wài 外, a word with great semantic and syntactic flexibility.

            Syntactic words
          • nabmathematical termCHEMLA 2003: outside, exterior part of a mathematical figure. This concept is in this specific sense is particularly common in the commentaries JZ 9, whereas the meaning "gnomon" is attested in the main text of that chapter. The more general meaning "outside" is not specifically relevant to mathematics. When one square is marked out within another as in [ILL 1], the unmarked rectilinear part of the original square is referred to by the technical term jǔ 矩, and this kind of remaining shape in general is called the biǎo 表. In JZ 9.24 矩之表 refers to the remaining part in the shape of (two) jǔ 矩.
          • nmathematical termthe gnomon, i.e. a stick that is erected so as to be shone on by the sun. The shadow thus produced is used to measure the height of the sun, its distance to the earth and the like.
          門外  mén wài MC: mwon ngwajH OC: mɯɯn ŋoodsDS 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPadVV outside of one's houseDS

          Existing SW for

          Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database:

            Searching Wikidata

            Type: