AGE  年齡年／歲

PERIOD a CREATURE has been LIVE:alive in the PAST. 
LENGTH OF LIFESTAGE OF LIFEGENERATIONAGE GROUP
Hypernym
  • PERIODTIME CONSISTING of a LIMITED SEQUENCE of MOMENTS.
    • TIMEABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN.
      • OBJECT[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to.
See also
  • YEARTIME OF the SUN MOVING ROUND the EARTH.
      Hyponym
      • OLD　Of BIG AGE OR having EXISTED for an ENDURING PERIOD.
        • SENIOR　OLD IN-RELATION-TO ANOTHER.
      • YOUNG　Of SMALL AGE.
        • PUBERTY　AGE when HUMANS BEGIN to DESIRE INTERCOURSE.
          Old Chinese Criteria
          [ARCHAIC/CURRENT]

          [BASIC/MARGINAL]

          [BRIEF/LONG]

          [COMMON/RARE]

          [POETIC/PROSAIC]

          [QUANTIFIED/UNQUANTIFIED

          [ELEVATED], [INFORMAL]

          1. Nián 年, basically an agricultural term, "year of one's life" refers to age specifically in terms of number year, and the focus is on this period as having a certain length.

          [COMMON], [QUANTIFIED]

          2. Suì 歲, basically an astronomical term, refers to the year as an astronomical unit and then to "number of years one has lived"; the refers to the unit by which years are counted and the length of time as such. A primary basis of the image in these words is plant life.

          [BASIC], [FREQUENT], [QUANTIFIED]

          3. Chǐ 齒 typically refers to the age of animals, but the word also has generalised meanings where it refers informally to the age or seniority of humans. The primary basis of the image for time is the fauna of teethed animals.

          [ARCHAIC]; [[RARE]]

          4. Shòu 壽 refers to venerable high age as something desirable rather than as connoting decrepitude.

          [ELEVATED], [LONG]

          5. Chūn qiū 春秋 refers periphrastically, in polite and flowery speech, to years of age. See YEAR.

          [ELEVATED], [POETIC], [QUANTIFIED]

          Modern Chinese Criteria
          年齡

          年紀

          年歲

          歲數

          春秋

          年華

          年齒

          年庚

          年事

          年壽

          年考

          年命

          年

          歲

          庚 (lit) is limited to the phrase guìgēng 貴庚 "your honourable age".

          齡 (obs)

          齒 (obs) is limited to classical idioms.

          貴庚

          貴甲子

          first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL. 18.11.2003. CH/

          Words

          年  nián OC: niin MC: nen 32 AttributionsWD

          Nián 年 , basically an agricultural term, "year of one's life" refers to age specifically in terms of number year, and the focus is on this period as having a certain length. [COMMON], [QUANTIFIED]

            Word relations
          • Assoc: 齒/AGE Chǐ 齒 typically refers to the age of animals, but the word also has generalised meanings where it refers informally to the age or seniority of humans. The primary basis of the image for time is the fauna of teethed animals. [ARCHAIC]; [[RARE]]
          • Synon: 春秋/AGE Chūn qiū 春秋 refers periphrastically, in polite and flowery speech, to years of age. See YEAR. [ELEVATED], [POETIC], [QUANTIFIED]

            Syntactic words
          • nab(post-N)the contextually determinate N's age; the number of years one lives, the time-span one has lived or will live 盡其天年
          • nab.post-Nthe age of N
          • nabtimeyears of age
          • nadSin age
          • nadV.[adN]somebody N of V ageDS
          • nadV.postN{SUBJ}in age, by years of age 年老 "old in age"
          齒  chǐ OC: khljɯʔ MC: tɕhɨ 23 AttributionsWD

          Chǐ 齒 typically refers to the age of animals, but the word also has generalised meanings where it refers informally to the age or seniority of humans. The primary basis of the image for time is the fauna of teethed animals. [ARCHAIC]; [[RARE]]

            Word relations
          • Assoc: 年/AGE Nián 年 , basically an agricultural term, "year of one's life" refers to age specifically in terms of number year, and the focus is on this period as having a certain length. [COMMON], [QUANTIFIED]

            Syntactic words
          • nabstativeage; seniority; degree of seniority, rank of seniority
          • viage ZUO Wen 1
          春秋  chūn qiū OC: thjun tshiw MC: tɕhʷin tshɨu 6 AttributionsWD

          Chūn qiū 春秋 refers periphrastically, in polite and flowery speech, to years of age. See YEAR. [ELEVATED], [POETIC], [QUANTIFIED]

            Word relations
          • Contrast: 歲/AGE Suì 歲, basically an astronomical term, refers to the year as an astronomical unit and then to "number of years one has lived"; the refers to the unit by which years are counted and the length of time as such. A primary basis of the image in these words is plant life. [BASIC], [FREQUENT], [QUANTIFIED]
          • Synon: 年/AGE Nián 年 , basically an agricultural term, "year of one's life" refers to age specifically in terms of number year, and the focus is on this period as having a certain length. [COMMON], [QUANTIFIED]

            Syntactic words
          • NPyears of age (and of activity) 富春秋 "still young"
          • NPadvancedold age, advanced ageCH
          僧夏  sēng xià OC: sɯɯŋ ɡraas MC: səŋ ɦɣɛ 5 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPabBUDDH: 'age as a monk' (the number of years somebody has been a monk/nun during his/her life)
          笄  jī OC: kee MC: kei 4 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • vadVat the age of 15 yearsDS
          • vi[put on a hairpin as sign of maturity >][CA] (of girls) ca. 15 years of age [LIJI age of 20][CA]
          歲  suì OC: sqʷads MC: siɛi 3 AttributionsWD

          Suì 歲, basically an astronomical term, refers to the year as an astronomical unit and then to "number of years one has lived"; the refers to the unit by which years are counted and the length of time as such. A primary basis of the image in these words is plant life. [BASIC], [FREQUENT], [QUANTIFIED]

            Word relations
          • Contrast: 春秋/AGE Chūn qiū 春秋 refers periphrastically, in polite and flowery speech, to years of age. See YEAR. [ELEVATED], [POETIC], [QUANTIFIED]

            Syntactic words
          • nabstativecurrent age, number of years one has lived
          • ncpost-V{NUM}.adNof X age
          • n{PRED}post-VV=numberbe V years oldDS
          耄  mào OC: moows MC: mɑu 3 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • v[adN]the very oldCH
          • vibe very old; LIJI: 80/90 years of age
          年歲  nián suì OC: niin sqʷads MC: nen siɛi 3 AttributionsWD
          • () p. 612

            Syntactic words
          • NPab{N1=N2}stativeage, number of years one has lived
          旄  mào OC: moows MC: mɑu 2 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • nsubject=humanloan for 耄: those, who are 80/90 years of age
          齡  líng OC: ɡ-reeŋ MC: leŋ 2 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • nyear of age
          • viage
          壽齡  shòu líng OC: ɡ-reeŋ MC: ɨu leŋ 2 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPabage
          天年  tiān nián OC: lʰiin niin MC: then nen 2 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NP(post-N)natural maximum lifetime
          年壽  nián shòu OC: niin djuʔ MC: nen dʑɨu 2 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPlong life, long life span
          壯  zhuàng OC: skraŋs MC: ʈʂi̯ɐŋ 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • vicontinuousLIJI: 30 years of age; be adult
          壽  shòu OC: djuʔ MC: dʑɨu 1 AttributionWD

          Shòu 壽 refers to venerable high age as something desirable rather than as connoting decrepitude. [ELEVATED], [LONG]

            Syntactic words
          • nabfeaturevenerable advanced age
          強  qiáng OC: ɡaŋ MC: gi̯ɐŋ 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • viLIJI: 40 years of age
          老  lǎo OC: ɡ-ruuʔ MC: lɑu 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • viLIJI: be 70 years of age
          耆  qí OC: ɡri MC: gi 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • viLIJI: 60 years of age
          艾  ài OC: ŋaads MC: ŋɑi 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • viLIJI: be 50 years of age
          載  zài OC: sklɯɯs MC: tsəi 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • nabfeatureage
          齔  chèn OC: tshrins MC: ʈʂhɪn 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • nabage
          • viSHUOWEN: seven or eight years of age (when milk teeth are changed)
          不惑  bù huò OC: pɯʔ ɡʷɯɯɡ MC: pi̯ut ɦək 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPiLY 2.4: 40 years of age
          多小  duō xiǎo OC: k-laal smewʔ MC: tɑ siɛu 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPihow many > how many years > be of what age
          而立  ér lì OC: njɯ ɡ-rub MC: ȵɨ lip 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPi30 years of age (based on LY)
          耳順  ěr shùn OC: mljɯʔ ɢjuns MC: ȵɨ ʑʷin 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPiLY 2.4: 60 years of age
          載祀  zǎi sì OC: skɯɯʔ sɢlɯʔ MC: tsəi zɨ 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPage (of a physical object); years of age reached, the number of years something lasts
          未毀齒  wèi huǐ chǐ MC: mj+jH xjweX tsyhiX OC: mɯds qhʷralʔ khljɯʔDS 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPadVat the age of 7 – 8 years < when the milk teeth were still not lost DS
          庚  gēng OC: kraaŋ MC: kɣaŋ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • nabfeaturepost-Han: age
          耋  dié OC: ɡ-liiɡ MC: det 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • viERYA: be 80 years of age (Guo Pu's commentary)[become old]
          壽夭  shòu yāo OC: djuʔ qrowʔ MC: dʑɨu ʔiɛu 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPabfeaturerelative long-livedness
          年齒  nián chǐ OC: niin khljɯʔ MC: nen tɕhɨ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPabtimeage
          弱冠  ruò guān OC: njewɡ koon MC: ȵi̯ɐk kʷɑn 0 AttributionsWD
          • 三禮詞典 Sanli cidian ( QIAN XUAN 1998) p. 633

            Note the problem of punctuation: Qian Xuan punctuates 二十弱，冠, but Kong Yingda does read the two words together in his commentary.

            Syntactic words
          • NP{vadV(.adN)}20 years of age [Note that guàn 冠 should probably be taken as a verb "capped" here. But this must be discussed. See LEXEME sources]
          期頤  jī yí OC: kɯ k-lɯ MC: kɨ jɨ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPiLIJI: 100 years of age
          知命  zhī mìng OC: te mɢreŋs MC: ʈiɛ mɣaŋ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPiLY 2.4: 50 years of age
          竹馬  zhú mǎ OC: tuɡ mraaʔ MC: ʈuk mɣɛ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPLATE: bamboo horse> the age of a child when it plays with a bamboo horse
          羊車  yáng chē OC: k-laŋ khlja MC: ji̯ɐŋ tɕhɣɛ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • NP(post-Han) sheep carriage> the age of a child when it plays 'sheep carriage'
          識環  shí huán OC: qhljɯɡ ɡʷraan MC: ɕɨk ɦɣan 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPi(post-Han) know the ring> age when one consciously distinguishes between objects (3-4 years old) ?????
          膝下  xī xià MC: sit haeX OC: siɡ ɢraaʔLZ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPitender age, the age of a little childLZ

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