WARN 警告警
ADDRESS someone so as to CAUSE him to UNDERSTAND what one BELIEVES to be DANGEROUS FOR him.
NOTIFYALERTAPPRISEINFORMTELLMAKE SOMEONE AWAREFOREWARNREMINDGIVE NOTICEINFORMAL TIP OFF
Hypernym
- ADDRESSSPEAK OR WRITE INTENDING ANOTHER TO HEAR OR READ AND TO REACT to IT.
See also
- CRITICISESPEAK AND NAME SOMETHING BAD and AVOIDABLE.
- DANGERSITUATION BELIEVED to CONTAIN POSSIBLE SOON:imminent DAMAGE to one.
- ENCOURAGEADVISE someone IN ORDER TO TRY to PERSUADE that HUMAN to ACT in a way one BELIEVES to be PROFITABLE FOR THAT HUMAN.
- FORBIDCOMMAND NOT to ACT:do something.
- ADVISEADDRESS someone INTENDing to HELP his/her PLANing.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for a warning, specific or non-specific, is jǐng 警.
2. Jiè 誡 / 戒 (ant. quàn 勸 "encourage") refers specifically to a warning against a certain explicitly specified course of action. The direction of this warning is downwards.
3. Chéng 懲 adds the element of reproof and criticism to that of warning against continued unacceptable action.
4. Guī 規 refers to a warning which draws attention to the general lawful or proper course of action. The direction of this type of warning can be upwards or downwards.
5. Zhēn 箴 is an archaic word referring to formal remonstration. The direction of this warning is upwards.
2. Jiè 誡 / 戒 (ant. quàn 勸 "encourage") refers specifically to a warning against a certain explicitly specified course of action. The direction of this warning is downwards.
3. Chéng 懲 adds the element of reproof and criticism to that of warning against continued unacceptable action.
4. Guī 規 refers to a warning which draws attention to the general lawful or proper course of action. The direction of this type of warning can be upwards or downwards.
5. Zhēn 箴 is an archaic word referring to formal remonstration. The direction of this warning is upwards.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006
SACRIFICE 12.
戒，是對可能發生的危險提出警戒；表示告誡的文體。
箴，對人的缺點進行規勸，一般是下級對上級、卑者對尊者；一種表示規勸告誡的文體。
規，對人不合法度的行為進行規勸，一般用於平輩間；一種表示勸善規過的文體。
銘，在器物上銘刻以記功勛，後成為一種刻於碑版或器物，或以稱功德，或用以自警的文體。
SACRIFICE 12.
戒，是對可能發生的危險提出警戒；表示告誡的文體。
箴，對人的缺點進行規勸，一般是下級對上級、卑者對尊者；一種表示規勸告誡的文體。
規，對人不合法度的行為進行規勸，一般用於平輩間；一種表示勸善規過的文體。
銘，在器物上銘刻以記功勛，後成為一種刻於碑版或器物，或以稱功德，或用以自警的文體。
Modern Chinese Criteria
警告 is the current modern wod for warning.
警戒 focusses on what one is warning against.
告誡 focusses on the communication of the content of the warning against something.
敲警鐘 is an idiom referring figuratively to "sounding a warning".
以儆效尤 (prov) refers very specifically to the punishing of a person which serves as a warning to others, and the idiom is marginal in this group.
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
警戒 focusses on what one is warning against.
告誡 focusses on the communication of the content of the warning against something.
敲警鐘 is an idiom referring figuratively to "sounding a warning".
以儆效尤 (prov) refers very specifically to the punishing of a person which serves as a warning to others, and the idiom is marginal in this group.
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
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(
HANFEI TONGYI 2004)
p.
220 - Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum
(
LANGIUS 1631)
p.
ADMONITIO
- 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典
(
HONG CHENGYU 2009)
p.
477 - Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung
(
FRANKE 1989)
p.
52B
Words
誡 jiè OC: krɯɯɡs MC: kɣɛi
戒 jiè OC: krɯɯɡs MC: kɣɛi 23 AttributionsWD
Jiè 誡/戒 (ant. quàn 勸 "encourage") refers specifically to a warning against a certain explicitly specified course of action. The direction of this warning is downwards.
- Word relations
- Syntactic words
- nabactwarning; warnings; admonitions, words of advice
- vt[oN]perform a warning; warn peopleDS
- vtoNwarn and instruct, admonish
- vtoNtip off N about a possible or imminent dangerCH
- vtoN.+Vadmonish someone and say:...
- vtoNobject=dangerous thingsgive admonisments concerning (behaviour, thoughts etc)
- vtoNpsychadmonish (oneself)
箴 zhēn OC: kjum MC: tɕim 9 AttributionsWD
Zhēn 箴 is an archaic word referring to formal remonstration. The direction of this warning is upwards.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 諫/REMONSTRATE
The current general word for making representations to higher authorities is jiàn 諫.
- Syntactic words
- nabadmonition, remonstration
- vadNby way of warning, containing warnings 箴言
- viactgive warnings
- vtoNadmonish, remonstrate; warn against
警 jǐng OC: kreŋʔ MC: kɣaŋ 7 AttributionsWD
The current general word for a warning, specific or non-specific, is jǐng 警.
- Syntactic words
- nabactalarm
- vadNdesigned to warn 警鼓
- vtoNZUO warn, admonish
懲 chéng OC: dɯŋ MC: ɖɨŋ 5 AttributionsWD
Chéng 懲 adds the element of reproof and criticism to that of warning against continued unacceptable action.
- Word relations
- Ant: 勸/ENCOURAGE
The dominant current word is quàn 勸 (ant. jǔ 沮 "try to stop") which refers to all kinds of encouragement, both from inferiors and from superiors.
- Syntactic words
- vtoNZUO: warn against, reprove
警 jǐng OC: kreŋʔ MC: kɣaŋ 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vt+prep+Nwarn
- vtoNwarn, admonish
- vtoNpassivebe warned
駴 xiè OC: ɡrɯɯʔ MC: ɦɣɛi 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNbeat the drum > to alarm; warn; admonish (regarding a pending threat); sound an alarm
炤 zhào MC: tsyewH OC: kljewsLZ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNteach N a lesson, thus enlightening NLZ
警戒 jǐng jiè MC: kjaengX keajH OC: kreŋʔ krɯɯɡsCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPimiddle voicebe alerted and on one's guardCH
惎 jì OC: ɡɯs MC: gɨ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNZUO: warn
規 guī OC: kʷe MC: kiɛ 0 AttributionsWD
Guī 規 refers to a warning which draws attention to the general lawful or proper course of action. The direction of this type of warning can be upwards or downwards.
- Syntactic words
語 yǔ OC: ŋaʔ MC: ŋi̯ɤ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNmake a warning report to
Existing SW for
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