DIVIDE    分開

CAUSE something to BECOME TWO OR MANY DIFFERENT PARTS.
SEPARATESPLIT (UP)CUT UPCARVE UPDISSECTBISECTHALVEQUARTERSEPARATESEGREGATEPARTITIONSCREEN OFFSECTION OFFSPLIT OFF
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The most current general word for physically diving things into separate parts is fēn 分 (ant. yī 一 "treat as one undivided whole, to unite") and this word may refer to destroying the unity of what is being divided. 2. Bié 別 (ant. tóng 同 "treat as the same, treat the same way") is to separate physically what can be separated out without interfering with integrity of the things separated. ( 別男女 "separate men from women") 3. Xī 析 is to split and divide what is naturally unsplit and undivided. 4. Lí 離 (ant. hé 合 "combine into one") is to keep apart what naturally is apart.
Modern Chinese Criteria
分開 劃分 瓜分 分割 分 劈 平分 均分 平均 三一三十一 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • SHARE OUT　DIVIDE into PARTS AND DISTRIBUTE these PARTS. (anc: 9/0, child: 1)
Antonym
  • COMBINECAUSE things to MOVE OR BECOME TOGETHER.
See also
  • DISTINGUISHSPEAK OR THINK so as to UNDERSTAND OR to CAUSE OTHERS to UNDERSTAND that DIFFERENT THINGS are DIFFERENT.
Hypernym
  • TWO　The NUMBER which is the BIGGER successor of ONE. (anc: 7/0, child: 1)
  • NUMBER　QUANTITY when COUNTED. [THE DEFINITIONS IN THIS FIELD REMAIN CIRCULAR ON MANY LEVELS AND NEED TO BE CAREFULLY REVISED IN COLLABORATION WITH KARINE CHEMLA.] (anc: 6/0, child: 19)
  • QUANTITY　DEGREE of being MANY OR FEW that CAN be MEASURED OR COUNTED. (anc: 5/0, child: 3)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 12.232

  • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 513

    DIVIDERE aliqvid in sua contenta resolvere. Continet autem aliqvid alia vel in se, ut totum partes; vel sub se, ut genus species; vel penes se, ut duo qvaepiam in eodem subjecto coexistentia, exampli gratia albedo et dulcedo in saccharo....

    Long useful discussion in the old Greek tradition of dihairesis.

    ...

    1. Mente, dictur Dignoscere, dicernere

    2. Verbis, dicitur Distingvere

    3. re ipsa - separare disparare, dispescere, disgregare

    ...

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    DIVIDE

    divisio refers specifically to the division of a genus into its various subspecies.

    partitio refers, specifically, to the divion of a whole into its natural constituent parts.

    dividere refers to dividing of something where natural divisions can be made

    dirimere refers to the introducing of artificial divisions where they do not naturally belong.

    dispertire refers very specifically to the dividing up of property with a view to partition among future owners.

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 80

  • “孟子”同義詞研究 ( MENGZI TONGYI 2002) p. 106

    • Words (28 items)

    分  fēn OC: pɯn MC: pi̯un 27 Attributions

    The most current general word for physically diving things into separate parts is fēn 分 (ant. yī 一 "treat as one undivided whole, to unite") and this word may refer to destroying the unity of what is being divided.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.tactbeing divided by N
    • vadVdivided up: singly, one by one, individually; separately
    • vt+prep+Nmiddle voice.N=pluralbe divided into NCH
    • vtoNdivide up; carve up; divide among oneselves; separate
    • vtoNmiddle voicebe dividedCH
    • vtoNpassivebe divided (as Jìn into three states); be not concentrated in one hand but divided (as power etc)
    別  bié OC: pred MC: piɛt 22 Attributions

    Bié 別 (ant. tóng 同 "treat as the same, treat the same way") is to separate physically what can be separated out without interfering with integrity of the things separated. (別男女 "separate men from women")

      Syntactic words
    • nabactdevision;
    • vadNseparated out, divided into parts
    • vadVseparately
    • vt+prep+Nbe separate from N
    • vt[oN]separate off from each other, move away from each other
    • vtoNseparate out (into its parts, or as a separate part); move apart; keep apart
    • vtoNpassiveHF 6.5.58: be properly separated; be divided from
    離  lí OC: b-rel MC: liɛ 4 Attributions

    Lí 離 (ant. hé 合 "combine into one") is to keep apart what naturally is apart.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 合/COMBINE Hé 合 (ant. lí 離 "get separated off") is the combining of typically abstract items into a single whole.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNseparate, detached
    • vtoNhold apart, distinguish; be separate from; be divorced from; be separable from
    • vtoNpassiveget divided, get partitioned
    分別  fēn bié OC: pɯn pred MC: pi̯un piɛt 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNdivide up, cut up
    兩  liǎng OC: raŋʔ MC: li̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdivide or spread in two directions
    析  xī OC: seeɡ MC: sek 2 Attributions

    Xī 析 is to split and divide what is naturally unsplit and undivided.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNsplit
    • vtoNfigurative, middle voicebecome divided (e.g. the ruler and the subjects)LZ
    • vtoNpassivebe divided
    釃  shī shǐ/xǐ MC: srjeX OC: sbrelʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdivide offCH
    除  chú OC: rla MC: ɖi̯ɤ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003: divide
    離  lí MC: lje  OC: b-rel 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoN2figurativetake the Ns separately, take the Ns each by themselvesCH
    離別  lí bié OC: b-rel bred MC: liɛ biɛt 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabstativeseparation
    離析  lí xī OC: b-rel seeɡ MC: liɛ sek 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNmiddle voiceget split up
    獨別  dú bié OC: dooɡ pred MC: duk piɛt 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVseparate, each for him/her/itself
    介  jiè OC: kreeds MC: kɣɛi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabdivisions
    伴  bàn OC: baanʔ MC: bʷɑn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdivide into equal halves???
    劃  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNN=placedelimit; draw a boundary in; mark off
    分為  fēn wéi OC: pɯn ɢʷal MC: pi̯un ɦiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNpassivebe divided into; divide into
    并除  bìng chú OC: peŋs rla MC: piɛŋ ɖi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003: divide togetherJZ 5.11, Liu Hui comm: 并除 and 連除 are used in the same context, and interchangeably.
    連除  lián chú OC: b-ren rla MC: liɛn ɖi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003: divide conjointly> divide at one stroke> divide by the product ofJZ 5.11, Liu Hui comm: 并除 and 連除 are used in the same context, and interchangeably.
    開立方除  kāi lì fāng chú OC: khɯɯl ɡ-rub paŋ rla MC: khəi lip pi̯ɐŋ ɖi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
    闊  kuò OC: khood MC: khʷɑt 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdivide
    報除  bào chú OC: puuɡs rla MC: pɑu ɖi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPimathematical termCHEMLA 2003: to practice divison by way of compensation for having multiplied elsewhere earlier in the computation procedure. Note that this terminology refers not simply to a practice as such, but to the motivation for a practice.JIUZHANG 4.16: 開其母，報除。 "One extracts the root of the corresponding denominator, and divides in return.
    開方除  kāi fāng chú OC: khɯɯl paŋ rla MC: khəi pi̯ɐŋ ɖi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
    而一  ér yī OC: njɯ qliɡ MC: ȵɨ ʔit 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabmathematical termCHEMLA 2003: divide by (the preceding quantity)
    列  liè OC: b-red MC: liɛt 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdivide
    區  qū OC: kho MC: khi̯o 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNdivided
    • vtoNdraw distinction between
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoN2figurativetake the Ns separately, take the Ns each by themselvesCH
    甄  zhēn OC: kjin MC: tɕin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpost-Han make deliberate choice after proper assessment
    畫  huà OC: ɢʷreeɡs MC: ɦɣɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdivide and delineate