TREE  樹木木

INTENSELY LARGE COMMON PLANT [BIOLOGY].
Hypernym
  • PLANTCREATURE that CAN NOT VOLUTARILY MOVE.
    • CREATURELIVING THING.
      • THINGCONCRETE OBJECT.
        • OBJECT[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to....
  • BRANCHPART of TREE that GROWS on the TRUNK.
    • TIMBERSUBSTANCE OF the MAIN PART of TREES.
      Hyponym
      • BAMBOO　TREE in the form of GIANT GRASS, the STEMS of which CAN be USED AS STICKS.
      • TREE, KINDS　CATEGORY of TREE.
        • OAK　The name of a well-known forest TREE, Quercus Robur. []
          • TREES　KINDS OF TREES
            • BUSH　TREE that GROWS INTENSELY LOW AND HAS MANY BRANCHES.
              Old Chinese Criteria
              1. The current word for a tree is mù 木. In Shang times times this word was a count noun for trees, later it also referred to felled trees and in particular to timber as a material. Thus in Warring States times the special feature of this word is that it is a mass noun as well as a count noun.

              2. Shù 樹 "tree" derives etymologically from the verb shù 樹 "to plant", and then came to mean, by extension "what is planted". The word always functions as a count noun.

              Modern Chinese Criteria
              樹木

              樹

              木

              果樹

              果木

              rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

              • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 1.42

              • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 8.60

              • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 468

                ARBOR, ARBOS

                44. Ex Agraet., et ipse Etymolog. lib. XVII, cap. 6.

                [col. 16D] Ibid. Vat., et fructuosae. [AREV.]

                ]

                44. Inter Arbos et arbor. Arbor interdum et sine fructu, arbos vero nonnisi fructifera. Similiter silva et nemus. Silva interdum est fructuosa, nemus vero arbores umbrosae et infructuosae intelliguntur.

              • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 1966) p. 201

                Baum; Baeume:

              • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 723

                Baum:

                Common in Han reliefs.

              • “諷、誦、讀”辨釋 "Feng, yong, du" bianshi 漢語史研究集刊 Hanyu shi yanjiu jikan ( GUAN XIHUA 1998) p.

              • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 39

              • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. 28

              • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 1.448

              • 東漢﹣隨常用詞演變研究 ( WANG WEIHUI 2000) p. 81

              • 古辭辨 Gu ci bian ( WANG FENGYANG 1993) p. 75

              • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 456

                樹，木

                1. WL seems to suggest that apart from special derived meanings of mu4 木 like "simple" and so on, in their nominal meanings referring to a tree, shu4 樹 and mu4 木 are synonymous. In fact, the semantic distinction between these nouns is very clear, mu4 木 being able to function both as a count noun "tree" and as a mass noun "timber", whereas the noun shu4 樹 never means anything remotely like "timber".

              • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 346ff

              • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

              • Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the Other Italic Languages ( DE VAAN 2008) p.

                arbor, -oris 'tree' [f. s] (P1.+; nom.sg. arbos (Verg., Ov.), acc.sg. arbosem,

                nom./acc.pl. arboses Paul, ex F.)

              • Realencyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft ( PAULY 1894-1973) p. 3.155

                BAUMKULTUS

              • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.163

              • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. NO.164

              Attributions by syntactic funtion

              • n : 27
              • NP{N1=N2} : 25
              • NP : 11
              • n{PLACE}adV : 2
              • ncpost-V{NUM} : 1
              • nadV : 1
              • nadN : 1

              Attributions by text

              • 管子 : 7
              • 荀子 : 6
              • 莊子 : 5
              • 呂氏春秋 : 5
              • 韓非子 : 5
              • 說苑 : 4
              • 論衡 : 4
              • 祖堂集 : 4
              • 文選 : 2
              • 墨子 : 2
              • 春秋左傳 : 2
              • 禮記 : 2
              • 賢愚經 : 2
              • 臨濟錄 : 2
              • 毛詩 : 2
              • 孟子 : 2
              • 妙法蓮華經 : 2
              • 韓詩外傳 : 2
              • 陸機集十一卷 : 1
              • 論語 : 1
              • 鹽鐵論 : 1
              • 春秋穀梁傳 : 1
              • 百喻經 : 1
              • 淮南子 : 1
              • 法集要頌經 : 1
              • 六祖壇經 : 1

              Words

              樹木  shù mù OC: djos mooɡ MC: dʑi̯o muk 25 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPdefinitethe trees
              • NP{N1=N2}nonreferentialtrees; trees of all kinds
              木  mù OC: mooɡ MC: muk 18 AttributionsWD

              The current word for a tree is mù 木. In Shang times times this word was a count noun for trees, later it also referred to felled trees and in particular to timber as a material. Thus in Warring States times the special feature of this word is that it is a mass noun as well as a count noun.

                Word relations
              • Object: 緣/CRAWL Pān 攀 and yuán 緣refer to crawling upwards.
              • Epithet: 喬/HIGH Qiáo 喬refers specifically to the imposing tallness of trees.
              • Epithet: 枝/BRANCH The standard word for any kind of branch, large or small, is zhī 枝 (ant. gàn 幹 "trunk"), a word etymologically related to zhī 肢 "limb".
              • Assoc: 樹/TREE
              • Assoc: 草/GRASS The current general term for grass, possibly including some of what we would call flowers, is cǎo 草.
              • Oppos: 根/ROOT The current common word for a root of any kind is gēn 根, but the word also refers specifically to roots growing horizontally near the surface of the earth.

                Syntactic words
              • ntree
              • nadVanalogylike a tree
              • n{PLACE}adVon trees
              樹  shù OC: djos MC: dʑi̯o 11 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Assoc: 木/TREE The current word for a tree is mù 木. In Shang times times this word was a count noun for trees, later it also referred to felled trees and in particular to timber as a material. Thus in Warring States times the special feature of this word is that it is a mass noun as well as a count noun.

                Syntactic words
              • ntree 上樹 versus 緣木
              林木  lín mù OC: ɡ-rɯm mooɡ MC: lim muk 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPnonreferentialtrees; forests
              林樹  lín shù OC: ɡ-rɯm djoʔ MC: lim dʑi̯o 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPpluraltrees
              林  lín OC: ɡ-rɯm MC: lim 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nadNmade of wood > wooden
              劍樹  jiàn shù OC: kloms djos MC: ki̯ɐm dʑi̯o 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPfigurative[Buddh] tree of swords
              唐棣  táng dì OC: ɡ-laaŋ ɡ-lɯɯds MC: dɑŋ dei 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPwild cherry tree??
              果樹  guǒ shù OC: kloolʔ djos MC: kʷɑ dʑi̯o 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPfruit tree
              樹林  shù lín OC: djos ɡ-rɯm MC: dʑi̯o lim 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPpluraltrees
              菩提樹  pú tí shù OC: bɯ ɡ-lee djoʔ MC: buo̝ dei dʑi̯o 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPbuddhistBUDDH: bodhi-tree; the tree under which Buddha reached enlightenment
              菑  zī 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nstumpLZ
              本  běn MC: pwonX OC: pɯɯnʔLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • ncpost-V{NUM}classifierclassifier for treesLZ
              幹  gàn OC: kaans MC: kɑn 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nmwood
              拱木  gǒng mù OC: koŋʔ mooɡ MC: ki̯oŋ muk 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPthick tree (which one can cover in an "embrace")
              竹木  zhú mù OC: tuɡ mooɡ MC: ʈuk muk 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPmbamboos and (other?) trees

              Existing SW for

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