FALL    落墜

MOVE DOWN PULLED by the FORCE of one's WEIGHT.
TUMBLETRIPSPILLTOPPLESLIPCOLLAPSEINFORMAL NOSEDIVEHEADERCROPPERDROPDESCENDCOME DOWNGO DOWNPLUMMETPLUNGESINKDIVETUMBLECASCADE
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for falling is zhuì 墜, and this word always has concrete meanings typically involving things falling out of the sky or from a high place. 2. Duò 墮 typically refers to things falling from a much more moderate height. 3. Yǔn 隕 refers to the falling down of something that has its natural place in a high position, including leaves growing on trees. 4. Luò 落 is a rare word which usually refers to the falling of leaves from trees. 5. Xiàn 陷 refers to falling into objects like pits or holes in the ground, also bogs zé 澤, but not rivers and the like.
Modern Chinese Criteria
下降 降落 下落 跌落 落 降 退 跌 降低 減低 減退 減色 低落 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • COLLAPSE　FALL so as to CEASE to STAND OR so as to be DESTROYED. (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
  • STUMBLE　To FALL to the GROUND BECAUSE of a MISTAKE in USING ONE'S FEET. (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
Antonym
See also
Hypernym
  • MOVE　CHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION. (anc: 10/0, child: 21)
  • CHANGE　EVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2. (anc: 9/0, child: 18)
  • EVENT　REALITY that ARISES in TIME. (anc: 8/0, child: 4)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 10.23

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    FALL

    labi refers to the process of sliding and then falling.

    cadere means simply to fall or come to the ground, with reference to the point which a person or thing reaches by his fall.

  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 151

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 482

    • Words (20 items)

    墮  duò OC: ɡ-loolʔ MC: dʷɑ 38 Attributions

    Duò 墮 typically refers to things falling from a much more moderate height.

      Syntactic words
    • vichangefall; fall off (a horse); fall out (of teeth)
    • vt+prep+Nfall into
    • vtoNfall into; fall onto
    • vtoNcausativebe caused to fall > be degraded to, fall into (an abstract place) allow oneself to fall into or to be trapped in
    • vtoNfrom Nfall fromCH
    墜  zhuì OC: ɡrluds MC: ɖi
    隊  duì OC: ɡ-luuls MC: duo̝i 24 Attributions

    The current general word for falling is zhuì 墜, and this word always has concrete meanings typically involving things falling out of the sky or from a high place. xxx

      Syntactic words
    • vadNfallen, that has dropped; that is dropping down
    • viprocessSW: 從高墜也。 (of dew) drop; CC136 hail down (arrows); CC446: fall from the sky (stars)
    • vt+prep+Nfall down from; fall down towards
    • vt+prep+Nfigurativefall and decline to the level of
    • vtoNfall from
    • vtoNfall into; delve intoCH
    • vtoNcausativecause something to fall down; drop
    • vttoN1.+prep+N2causativedrop N1 into N2
    落  luò OC: ɡ-raaɡ MC: lɑk 16 Attributions

    Luò 落 is a rare word which usually refers to the falling of leaves from trees.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 隳 / 墮/COLLAPSE The current words for the collapse of buildings is qǐng 傾and huī 隳.
    • Assoc: 零/WITHER Líng 零 refers in a more dramatic way to plants other than trees losing their leaves.

      Syntactic words
    • npitfall
    • vadNfallen; falling
    • vadNfigurativefallen, dispirited
    • vichangefall down > become decadent; decay
    • viprocessfall; fall out; fall down
    • vt+prep+Nfall into
    • vtoNcausativecause to fall down, knock down; drop down; also PERMISSIVE: allow to fall down (by mistake)
    • vtoNfigurativefall into > suffer the fate of
    陷  xiàn OC: ɡrooms MC: ɦɣɛm 15 Attributions

    Xiàn 陷 refers to falling into objects like pits or holes in the ground, also bogs zé 澤, but not rivers and the like.

      Syntactic words
    • viprocessfall down; sink down; stumble
    • vt(oN)fall into the contextually determinate place
    • vt+prep+Nfall into; sink into
    • vt+prep+Nfigurativefigurative: run into (criminality etc.)
    • vtoNfall into
    • vtoNfigurativecome to sink so low as to, fall intoCH
    降  jiàng OC: kruums MC: kɣɔŋ 8 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 升/RISE Shēng 升 (ant. xià 下 "go down") refers specifically to the rising of something to a higher level, and these levels can be but do not have to be the ranks of a hierarchy.
    • Assoc: 下/FALL

      Syntactic words
    • n[adN]what falls/goes down ant. 升CH
    • vifall (as rain)
    • vieventdescend from heaven (the dew of the dharma etc)
    隕  yǔn OC: ɢunʔ MC: ɦin
    霣  yǔn OC: ɢunʔ MC: ɦin 6 Attributions

    Yǔn 隕 refers to the falling down of something that has its natural place in a high position, including leaves growing on trees.

      Syntactic words
    • viprocessZUO Xi 16: fall from the sky (stones!); to rain down; to fall (like rain)
    • vt+prep+Nfall into
    • vtoNcausativeshed (tears etc)
    墮落  duò luò OC: ɡ-loolʔ ɡ-raaɡ MC: dʷɑ lɑk 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPifigurativefall, fall into an abyss
    墜墮  zhuì duò OC: ɡrluds ɡ-loolʔ MC: ɖi dʷɑ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfall into
    下  xià OC: ɢraaʔ MC: ɦɣɛ 2 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • viprocessmove down> fall, come down
    入  rù OC: njub MC: ȵip 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nunintended processfall (into something, like well etc.)
    下隧  xià suì MC: haeH zwijH OC: ɢraas sɢluds 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPi(= xia4zhui4 下墜) fall downLZ
    墜入  zhuì rù MC: drwijH nyip OC: ɡrluds njub 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNresultative: fall intoCH
    委  wěi OC: qrolʔ MC: ʔiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfall on (the ground)
    控  kòng OC: khooŋs MC: khuŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nfall onto N
    • vtoNfall down on
    搶  qiǎng OC: skhaŋʔ MC: tshi̯ɐŋ
    槍  qiāng OC: skhaŋ MC: tshi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfall into, run into
    隗  wěi MC: ngwojX OC: ŋɡuulʔ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viprocesstopple, fall over, collapseCH
    穨墜  tuí zhuì OC: ɡ-luul ɡrluds MC: duo̝i ɖi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPifall
    僨  fèn OC: pɯns MC: pi̯un 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viprocessfall down (ant. 起)
    垮  kuǎ OC: khʷraaʔ MC: khɣɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vichangemodern Chinese colloquial, not classical: collapse
    絕  jué OC: dzod MC: dziɛt 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vitopple over