SURRENDER    投降

ADMIT PUBLICLY that one is DEFEATED.
SUBMITCAPITULATEGIVE INGIVE (ONESELF) UPGIVE WAYYIELDCONCEDE (DEFEAT)SUBMITCLIMB DOWNBACK DOWNCAVE INRELENTCRUMBLELAY DOWN ONE'S ARMSRAISE THE WHITE FLAGTHROW IN THE TOWEL
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for any form of submitting to someone or surrendering to the enemy is fú 服. 2. Xiáng 降 refers specifically to forced, non-voluntary surrender to an enemy. 3. Xià 下 is a neutral technical term for giving up fighting in a military context. 4. Chéng 成 and jiǎng 講 refer to a formal process of sueing for peace.
Modern Chinese Criteria
投降 歸降 降服 降順 屈服 自首 is to surrender oneself to the legal process. 降 投誠 輸誠 反正 refers to rebels or revolutionaries returning to the common fold. 繳械 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Antonym
  • CONQUERSUCCESSFULLY ATTACK AND ENDURINGLY POSSESS a PLACE.
  • OPPOSEINTERACT so as to PREVENT a HUMAN OR ANIMAL from ACHIEVING HIS/HER AIMS.
Hypernym
  • ADMIT　ASSENT to what the LISTENER has in the PAST DECLARED to be TRUE OR what the LISTENER is BELIEVED to BELIEVE is TRUE. (anc: 14/0, child: 3)
  • ASSENT　SPEAK:say that one BELIEVES what ANOTHER in the PAST has SPEAK:said. (anc: 13/0, child: 3)
  • SPEAK　ACT so as to USE WORDS FOR SHOWING MEANING.*Speech by speaker X, directed towards audience Y, in order to communicate message Z. (anc: 12/0, child: 32)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 20.46

    • Words (13 items)

    服  fú OC: bɯɡ MC: buk 57 Attributions

    The current general word for any form of submitting to someone or surrendering to the enemy is fú 服.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 叛/REVOLT The current general word for staging a revolt against authorities is pàn 叛 (ant. shùn 順 "remain loyal").
    • Epithet: 賓/GUEST

      Syntactic words
    • nabactact of surrender
    • v[adN]pluralthose who are submissive or who surrender
    • vt(oN)surrender to a contextually determinate party N
    • vt(oN)figurativesurrender figuratively to NCH
    • vt+prep+Nsurrender oneself to, seek refuge with
    • vtoNsubmit to, surrender to
    • vtoNcausativesubjugate; make N submitLZ
    • vtoNpassive, causativebe made submissiveLZ
    降  xiáng OC: ɡruum MC: ɦɣɔŋ 17 Attributions

    Xiáng 降 refers specifically to forced, non-voluntary surrender to an enemy.

      Syntactic words
    • nsurrendering; a surrender
    • vadNsurrendered, who have surrendered
    • viactsurrender to others; submit to others (really the category should be vt[oN]!)
    • vt(oN)surrender to the contextually determinate N
    • vtoNsurrender to
    下  xià OC: ɢraas MC: ɦɣɛ 10 Attributions

    Xià 下 is a neutral technical term for giving up fighting in a military context.

      Syntactic words
    • viactsurrender
    • vtoNsurrender to, submit to
    • vtoNcausativecause to surrender
    • vtoNpassivebe surrendered to
    賓  bīn OC: pin MC: pin 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viactsubmit to become a respected subject
    • vt(oN)submit to a contextually determinate N so as to become a respected subjectCH
    講  jiǎng OC: krooŋʔ MC: kɣɔŋ 3 Attributions

    Chéng 成 and jiǎng 講 refer to a formal process of sueing for peace.

      Syntactic words
    • viactenter negotiations for peace, sue for peace
    • vt+prep+Nnegotiate for peace with N
    詘  qū OC: khlud MC: khi̯ut 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viactbow to; admit (intellectual) defeat
    • viactbend to circumstances
    • vtoNsurrender to; bow to; admit defeat towards
    告服  gào fú OC: kuuɡs bɯɡ MC: kɑu buk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiannounce one's surrender
    成  chéng OC: djeŋ MC: dʑiɛŋ 1 Attribution

    Chéng 成 and jiǎng 講 refer to a formal process of sueing for peace.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactoffer of surrender
    • viactsue for peace, make peace
    折  zhé OC: kljed MC: tɕiɛt 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viactcave in> surrender
    歸服  guī fú OC: klul bɯɡ MC: kɨi buk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)surrender to the contextually determinate N
    屈伏  qū fú OC: khlud bɯɡ MC: khi̯ut buk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactsurrender, give up
    心服  xīn fú MC: sim bjuwk OC: slɯm bɯɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)figurativeget convinced; be convincedCH
    授手  shòu shǒu OC: djus hmljuʔ MC: ɨu ɕɨu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt+prep+Nsurrender to