RECORD    記錄記

WRITE so as to TRANSMIT TO FUTURE GENERATIONS.
WRITE DOWNPUT IN WRITINGTAKE DOWNNOTEMAKE A NOTE OFJOT DOWNPUT DOWN ON PAPERDOCUMENTPUT ON RECORDENTERREGISTERLOGLISTCATALOG
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The most current general word for noting something down so as to prevent it from being forgotten is jì 記. 2. Zhì 志 as well as the late and rare lù 錄 refer to making a record of something for the inspiration of others. 3. Zǎi 載 is a rare word and refers to making a due formal, sometimes even ritual record of something in the proper literary place. 4. Jǔ 舉 refers to not omitting something from the record and bringing it up there as one should. 5. Jì 紀 is sometimes used interchangeably with jì 記, but the specific force of jì 紀 is to focus not just on recording but on the compilation and redaction of a comprehensive record.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 EDUCATION 9. 記，記載義的總稱。 紀，對事實的縱理記載，重在經選擇、提煉後的綜理其事。 志，標識其事的記載。 載，莊重記載。
Modern Chinese Criteria
記載 記 記錄 筆錄 著錄 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hypernym
  • WRITE　PRODUCE a DOCUMENT. (anc: 13/0, child: 4)
  • PRODUCE　ACT so as to DELIBERATELY CAUSE something to BEGIN to EXIST. (anc: 12/0, child: 17)
  • ACT　MOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision. (anc: 11/0, child: 24)
  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p.

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1395

    記，志，載

    1. Of these za3i 載 is so rare in pre-Buddhist times that we have only a slim basis to judge its meaning. (And incidentally, za4i 載 is an unusually slippery and diffuse word to intepret in ancient literature. But that is a separate question which does not really belong here.)

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 910

    記，紀

    1. WL notes that these words were not homophonous in pre-Buddhist times.

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 203

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 214

    • Words (23 items)

    書  shū OC: qhlja MC: ɕi̯ɤ 97 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactthe formal recording of things (by a 大史 etc)
    • vadNrecorded in documentsLZ
    • vt(oN)write the contextually determinate thing down; make a written record of a contextually determinate event
    • vt[oN]record things; make records
    • vtoNwrite down, note down; make a record of; record in official capacity; write about
    • vtoNabNab=actrecord the Nab-ing
    • vtoNpassivebe written about, be noted down; get recorded
    • vttoN1.+prep+N2write (something N1) onto (a place or medium N2)　子張書諸紳
    記  jì OC: kɯs MC: kɨ 12 Attributions

    The most current general word for noting something down so as to prevent it from being forgotten is jì 記.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 錄/RECORD Zhì 志 as well as the late and rare lù 錄 refer to making a record of something for the inspiration of others.
    • Synon: 載/RECORD Zǎi 載 is a rare word and refers to making a due formal, sometimes even ritual record of something in the proper literary place.

      Syntactic words
    • na record, a written account
    • vtoNto record; to make a record of
    志  zhì OC: kljɯs MC: tɕɨ 12 Attributions

    Zhì 志 as well as the late and rare lù 錄 refer to making a record of something for the inspiration of others.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-Ntext＝誌 re'cord of N; treatise on N
    • vt(oN)record the contextually determinate matter
    • vtoNto record, make a record of; commemorate; write about
    • vtoNsubject=nonhumanrecord
    載  zǎi OC: skɯɯʔ MC: tsəi 7 Attributions

    Zǎi 載 is a rare word and refers to making a due formal, sometimes even ritual record of something in the proper literary place.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 紀/RECORD Jì 紀 is sometimes used interchangeably with jì 記, but the specific force of jì 紀 is to focus not just on recording but on the compilation and redaction of a comprehensive record.
    • Synon: 記/RECORD The most current general word for noting something down so as to prevent it from being forgotten is jì 記.

      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nrecord in N, record on N
    • vtoNrecord, make a record of
    • vtoNpassivebe properly recorded
    舉  jǔ OC: klaʔ MC: ki̯ɤ 4 Attributions

    Jǔ 舉 refers to not omitting something from the record and bringing it up there as one should.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNnote down; bring up, mention; specify
    行錄  xíng lù OC: ɢraaŋ rog MC: ɦɣaŋ li̯ok 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPwritten records on a monk's teaching activities, probably also including materials about encounters with students
    錄  lù OC: rog MC: li̯ok 3 Attributions

    Zhì 志 as well as the late and rare lù 錄 refer to making a record of something for the inspiration of others.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 記/RECORD The most current general word for noting something down so as to prevent it from being forgotten is jì 記.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNrecord
    • vtoNpassivebe recorded
    實錄  shí lù OC: ɢljiɡ rog MC: ʑit li̯ok 2 Attributions
    • Studies in the Language of Zu-tang Ji 祖堂集 ( ANDERL 2004C) p. 10-11

      Syntactic words
    • NPabhistoriographyreal record (histiorian's techincal term; in Zen Buddhist text these kind of texts probably also contained transcripts of encounter dialogues between masters and their disciples; in addition these records might have contained lines of succession; as such 'real/true records' might have had the function to clarify the lineage systems within factions of Zen Buddhism)
    行狀  xíng zhuàng OC: ɢraaŋ sɡraŋs MC: ɦɣaŋ ɖʐi̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
    • Studies in the Language of Zǔtáng jí 祖堂集 ( ANDERL 2004B) p. 9-10

      Early mention of this historian's term is made in SANGUOZHI, in the section on the state of We4i 魏: 先賢行壯 "Records of the deeds of former virtuous men". There is also mention of the term in JINSHU, fasc. 18 (功臣行壯 "Records of meritorious ministers").

      In the Buddhist context the term appeared for the first time in XINTANGSHU, fasc. 59 (辛崇之僧伽行壯) and in GUANGHONGMINGJI, fasc. 23. There are also several xi2ngzhua4ng in vol. 50 of the TAISHOO.

      In ZTJ (F: 5) the term seems to refer to basic biographic information, such as the canonical name, the family name, the place of birth, important locations of the teaching career, etc.

      Syntactic words
    • NPaccount of deeds > record/account providing biographical information (this is a historian's technical term originally referring to a person's dates of birth and death, place of birth, and other biographical information)
    先志  xiān zhì MC: sen tsyiH OC: sɯɯn kljɯs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabtextrecords from one's predecessors> earlier recordsCH
    傳  zhuàn OC: dons MC: ɖiɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabtextrecord
    攝錄  shè lù OC: qhljeb rog MC: ɕiɛp li̯ok 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNassemble and record
    登  dēng OC: tɯɯŋ MC: təŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNmake a record of
    紀  jì OC: kɯʔ MC: kɨ 1 Attribution

    Jì 紀 is sometimes used interchangeably with jì 記, but the specific force of jì 紀 is to focus not just on recording but on the compilation and redaction of a comprehensive record.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 著/WRITE Zhù 著 and zhuàn 撰 are late words referring to the act of writing of a text.
    • Assoc: 載/RECORD Zǎi 載 is a rare word and refers to making a due formal, sometimes even ritual record of something in the proper literary place.

      Syntactic words
    • nrecord
    • nadVwith written records, by way of recording
    • vtoNrecord
    • vtoNreflexive.自register (oneself)
    編  biān MC: pjien OC: pen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpassivebe registered among/as N LZ
    辭  cí OC: zɯ MC: zɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)record the contextually determinate fact N
    行述  xíng shù OC: ɢraaŋ ɢljud MC: ɦɣaŋ ʑʷit 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbiographical record (a historian's technical term)
    紀記  jì jì OC: kɯʔ kɯs MC: kɨ kɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNpassivebe recorded, be noted down, be specified
    乙  yǐ OC: qriɡ MC: ʔit 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNmark (a place in a manuscript) SHIJI: 乙之
    行實  xíng shí OC: ɢraaŋ ɢljiɡ MC: ɦɣaŋ ʑit 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbiographical record (a historian's techinical term)
    行業  xíng yè OC: ɢraaŋ ŋab MC: ɦɣaŋ ŋi̯ɐp 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbiographical record (a historian's technical term)
    行業記  xíng yè jì OC: ɢraaŋ ŋab kɯs MC: ɦɣaŋ ŋi̯ɐp kɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbiographical record (a historian's technical term)
    行壯記  xíng zhuàng jì OC: ɢraaŋ skraŋs kɯs MC: ɦɣaŋ ʈʂi̯ɐŋ kɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbiographical record (a historian's technical term)