Taxonomy of meanings for 咸:
- 咸 xián (OC: ɡroom MC: ɦɯæm) 胡讒切 平 廣韻：【皆也同也悉也亦姓姓苑云巫咸之後今東海有之胡讒切十一 】
- ALL
- pad.VtoNreference=objectall the objects
- padVreference=subjectall, each of the subjects
- padVall the contextually determinate but omitted subjectsCH
- ALL
Additional information about 咸
說文解字: 【咸】，皆也。悉也。从口、从戌。戌，悉也。 〔小徐本作「從口、戌聲。」〕 【胡監切】
- Criteria
- ALL
[ADNOMINAL/ADVERBIAL]
[ARCHAIC/CURRENT]
[COLLECTIVE/INDIVIDUAL]
[[COMMON/RARE]]
[OBJECT-BINDING/SUBJECT-BINDING]
1. Jiē 皆 the most common and general colourless subject qunatifier which is also used, occasionally as an object quantifier.
SUBJECT-BINDING!; [padV]
2.Jìn 盡 is a universal object quantifier which indicates that the action the transitive verb it precedes applies to the whole lot of the objects of that verb indiscriminately.
[OBJECT-BINDING!], [COLLECTIVE]; [vadVt]
3. Gè 各 quantifies by emphasising the separate features of each item quantified over.
[INDIVIDUAL], [SUBJECT-BINDING]; [n+Vt]
4. Jiān 兼 is an object quantifier which says that the transitive verb it precedes applies to each of the objects in its own right.
[OBJECT-BINDING], [INDIVIDUAL]; [vadVt]
5. Qún 群 is a quantifier which indicates that the whole of the flock or group of items designated by the noun it precedes are referred to
[COLLECTIVE]; [nadN]
6. Zhū 諸 is an adjectival quantifier which indicates that the whole group of the things indicated by the noun it precedes is referred to.
[COLLECTIVE]; [padN]
7. Zhòng 眾 is an adnominal quantififier which says that the whole of the group of things designated by the noun it precedes are intended.
[COLLECTIVE]; [nadN]
8. Fán 凡 characterises a topic adnominally as forming the general subject or topic in a non-narrative statement of principle. The current gloss "in general" is misleading because it wrongly suggests that there are exceptions, and because it does not specify the non-narrative "theoretical" nature of the statements introduced by the word. "In principle" is much to be preferred.
[SPECIFIC]; [vadN[TOPIC]]
9. Jù 俱 / 具 is a collective subject quantifier which says that all the subjects are equally and together characterised by what is in the predicate.
[SUBJECT-BINDING]; [vadV]
10. Fàn 氾 quantifies generally over all objects of the verb it precedes.
[COLLECTIVE], [OBJECT-BINDING]; [vadVt]
11. Fàn 汎 says that a verb has a whole range of objects, indiscriminately, and without reference to their specific character.
[COLLECTIVE], [OBJECT-BINDING]; [padVt]
12. Měi 每 mostly adnominal and emphasises that a each and every new item quantified over is separately intended.
[INDIVIDUAL]; [padN]
13. Jūn 均 / 鈞 expresses universal quantification over all subjects equally, without any difference.
[INDIVIDUAL], [SUBJECT-BINDING]; [vadN]
14. Zhōu 周 is a rare object quantifier claiming that all the objects of a verb are intended, without exception.
[COLLECTIVE], [OBJECT-BINDING]; [vadVt]
15. Xī 悉 mass object qunatifier which says that the transitive verb it precedes applies to the whole of the objects indiscriminately.
[COLLECTIVE], [OBJECT-BINDING]; [vadVt]
16. Xián 咸 is an archaic subject quantifier which came to new life in Han times.
[INDIVIDUAL], [SUBJECT-BINDING!]; [vadV]
17. Bì 畢 a subject quantifier which says that the predicate applies to all subjects.
[ADVERBIAL]; [SUBJECT-BINDING]; [RARE]
18. Jǔ 舉 is an adjectival quantifier of limited idiomatic use indicating that all the things in a certain area are referred to.
[ADNOMINAL]; [COLLECTIVE]
19. Wú bù 無不 is a neutral subject and object quantifier.
20. Mò bù 莫不 is a neutral subject quantifier.
[PREVERBAL]; [SUBJECT-BINDING]
21. Sì hǎi 四海 sometimes refers generally to all inhabitants of the inhabited world, like tiān xià 天下, and these are marginal in this group.
[NOMINAL]; [COLLECTIVE]