COFFIN  棺材棺

TIMBER BOX USED FOR BURYING.
CASKETSARCOPHAGUSBOX
Hypernym
  • BOXCLOSED HARD CONTAINER.
See also
  • BURYPUT a DEAD HUMAN OR ANIMAL INTO a HOLE in the EARTH.
    • TOMBPLACE OR BUILDING which SHOWS where one has BURIED a HUMAN.
      Old Chinese Criteria
      1. The current general word for the coffin is guān 棺, but this term also refers specifically to the inner coffin as opposed to what is translated as "outer coffin", the guǒ 槨. Coffins were generally made of wood and often lacquered; in Han times, stone coffins also came to use.

      2. Jiù 柩 refers specifically to a coffin which contains a dead body.

      3. Guǒ 槨 refers to the often very large structure which is put arround the inner coffin guān 棺. Note that the outer coffin is much more than an outer slightly larger wooden box. See illustration.

      4. Chèn 櫬 refers specifically to the inner coffin, especially when presented as symbol of abject surrender (indicating to the person one surrenders to that one is willing to be put to death and put into this coffin). However, the term is also currently used to refer in general to an inner coffin in ZUO.

      5. Bì 椑 refers to a ritual coffin made for the ruler on his accession to the throne and lacquered afresh every year; also used as a dignified general term for a coffin. In Tang times this custom was discontinued.

      6. Mù 木 "wood, timber" is occasionally used by synecdoche to refer to a coffin.

      7. Qì 器 can also refer to the coffin (from Han at least down to Six Dynasties times). Coffins for an emperor can then be called bì qì 秘器, and those for officials guān qì 棺器.

      Modern Chinese Criteria
      棺材

      棺木

      木

      材

      棺

      櫬

      棺槨

      漆宅

      靈柩

      靈櫬

      棺柩

      柩

      靈

      rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

      • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 95

      • 古代文化詞異集類辨考 Gudai wenhua ci yi ji lei bian kao ( HUANG JINGUI 1995) p. 1131

      • 古辭辨 Gu ci bian ( WANG FENGYANG 1993) p. 144

      • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 73A

      Attributions by syntactic funtion

      • n : 56
      • NP : 5
      • vtoN : 2
      • vt(oN) : 1
      • NP(post-N) : 1

      Attributions by text

      • 春秋左傳 : 15
      • 禮記 : 13
      • 韓非子 : 7
      • 淮南子 : 4
      • 孟子 : 4
      • 搜神記 : 3
      • 史記 : 3
      • 莊子 : 3
      • 論衡 : 3
      • 墨子 : 2
      • 孝經 : 2
      • 論語 : 2
      • 管子 : 2
      • 劉義慶世說新語 : 1
      • 臨濟錄 : 1

      Words

      棺  guān OC: koon MC: kʷɑn 26 AttributionsWD

      The current general word for the coffin is guān 棺, but this term also refers specifically to the inner coffin as opposed to what is translated as "outer coffin", the guǒ 槨. Coffins were generally made of wood and often lacquered; in Han times, stone coffins also came to use.

        Word relations
      • Epithet: 瓦/TILE
      • Contrast: 槨/COFFIN Guǒ 槨 refers to the often very large structure which is put arround the inner coffin guān 棺. Note that the outer coffin is much more than an outer slightly larger wooden box. See illustration.
      • Assoc: 槨/COFFIN Guǒ 槨 refers to the often very large structure which is put arround the inner coffin guān 棺. Note that the outer coffin is much more than an outer slightly larger wooden box. See illustration.

      • () p. 410 - 412 {103-7, 13, 16}

        Syntactic words
      • ninner coffin
      • vt(oN)put contextually determinate N into the inner coffin; encoffin contextually determinate NTW
      • vtoNput into the inner coffin
      槨  guǒ OC: kʷaaɡ MC: kɑk 13 AttributionsWD

      Guǒ 槨 refers to the often very large structure which is put arround the inner coffin guān 棺. Note that the outer coffin is much more than an outer slightly larger wooden box. See illustration.

        Word relations
      • Contrast: 棺/COFFIN The current general word for the coffin is guān 棺, but this term also refers specifically to the inner coffin as opposed to what is translated as "outer coffin", the guǒ 槨. Coffins were generally made of wood and often lacquered; in Han times, stone coffins also came to use.
      • Assoc: 棺/COFFIN The current general word for the coffin is guān 棺, but this term also refers specifically to the inner coffin as opposed to what is translated as "outer coffin", the guǒ 槨. Coffins were generally made of wood and often lacquered; in Han times, stone coffins also came to use.

      • () p. {104-1}

        Syntactic words
      • nouter coffin
      柩  jiù OC: ɡlɯs MC: gɨu 7 AttributionsWD

      Jiù 柩 refers specifically to a coffin which contains a dead body.

        Syntactic words
      • ncoffin with the dead body in it; bier
      • vtoNto encoffin
      櫬  chèn OC: tshriŋs MC: ʈʂhɪn 5 AttributionsWD

      Chèn 櫬 refers specifically to the inner coffin, especially when presented as symbol of abject surrender (indicating to the person one surrenders to that one is willing to be put to death and put into this coffin). However, the term is also currently used to refer in general to an inner coffin in ZUO.

        Syntactic words
      • nZUO: inner coffin
      棺槨  guān guǒ OC: koon kʷaaɡ MC: kʷɑn kɑk 5 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • NP(post-N)the inner and outer coffins of the contextually determinate NCH
      • NPnonreferentialcoffins of any kind (inner or outer); coffin system; coffins
      椑  bì OC: beɡ MC: biɛk 3 AttributionsWD

      Bì 椑refers to a ritual coffin made for the ruler on his accession to the throne and lacquered afresh every year; also used as a dignified general term for a coffin. In Tang times this custom was discontinued.

        Syntactic words
      • nLIJI: ritual coffin made for the ruler on his accession to the throne and lacquered afresh every year; also used as a dignified general term for a coffin.
      殯  bìn OC: pins MC: pin 2 AttributionsWD

      coffin (with the corpse in it)

        Syntactic words
      • ncoffin (with the corpse in it)
      器  qì OC: khrɯds MC: khi 1 AttributionWD

      Qì 器 can also refer to the coffin (from Han at least down to Six Dynasties times). Coffins for an emperor can then be called bì qì 秘 器, and those for officials guān qì 棺器.

        Syntactic words
      • ncoffin
      椁  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • nZUO: outer coffin x
      櫝  dú OC: ɡ-looɡ MC: duk 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • ntemporary small coffin in which battle dead are transported home
      棺器  guān qì MC: kwan khijH OC: koon khrɯdsDS 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPcoffinDS
      折  zhé OC: kljed MC: tɕiɛt 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • nYILI: frame put round the coffin For illustration see SANLICIDIAN P. 404
      木  mù OC: mooɡ MC: muk 0 AttributionsWD

      Mù 木 "wood, timber" is occasionally used by synecdoche to refer to a coffin.

        Syntactic words
      • nZUO: coffin Cf. the proverbial 就木 "enter the coffin"
      槥  huì OC: sɢʷeds MC: ziɛi 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • ntemporary small coffin in which battle dead are transported home
      棺柩  guān jiù OC: koon ɡlɯs MC: kʷɑn gɨu 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPcoffin (concrete: father's coffin, not always general)

      Existing SW for

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