SOIL 土壤土
SUBSTANCE ON the EARTH in which PLANTS GROW.
EARTHLOAMDIRTCLAYGUMBOGROUND
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for soil of any kind, including dirt, is tǔ 土.
2. Rǎng 壤 refers to the kind of fertile soil that is useful for agriculture.
3. Xī 隰 refers to low-lying wet ground
4. Chì 斥 and lǔ 鹵 refers to saline ground.
5. Qì 磧 refers to sandy ground.
6. Kuài 塊 refers to a clod of earth.
7. Yū 淤 refers to sludge in a river or in the sea. See MUD
2. Rǎng 壤 refers to the kind of fertile soil that is useful for agriculture.
3. Xī 隰 refers to low-lying wet ground
4. Chì 斥 and lǔ 鹵 refers to saline ground.
5. Qì 磧 refers to sandy ground.
6. Kuài 塊 refers to a clod of earth.
7. Yū 淤 refers to sludge in a river or in the sea. See MUD
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006
GEOGRAPHY 18.
土，泥土、土壤，總稱。
塊，成塊的土。
壤，鬆軟肥沃的土。
埴，細膩的黃黏土。
壚，黑色或黃黑色堅硬而質粗不粘的土。
堊，白色的土。
赭，紅色的土。
GEOGRAPHY 18.
土，泥土、土壤，總稱。
塊，成塊的土。
壤，鬆軟肥沃的土。
埴，細膩的黃黏土。
壚，黑色或黃黑色堅硬而質粗不粘的土。
堊，白色的土。
赭，紅色的土。
Modern Chinese Criteria
土
土壤
壤
泥土
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
土壤
壤
泥土
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Words
土 tǔ OC: kh-laaʔ MC: thuo̝ 11 Attributions
The current general word for soil of any kind, including dirt, is tǔ 土.
- Word relations
- Contrast: 壤/SOIL
Rǎng 壤 refers to the kind of fertile soil that is useful for agriculture. - Assoc: 糞/MANURE
The standard term for manure as fertiliser is fèn 糞, hence also the current derived meaning "fertilise" of the word.
- Syntactic words
- nmthe substance earth;
- nmadNearthen; made of stamped earth
- vichangeturn into soil
壤 rǎng OC: njaŋʔ MC: ȵi̯ɐŋ 4 Attributions
Rǎng 壤 refers to the kind of fertile soil that is useful for agriculture.
- Word relations
- Contrast: 土/SOIL
The current general word for soil of any kind, including dirt, is tǔ 土.
- Syntactic words
- nmgenerically: earth; loose earth, soil broken by the plough;
塊 kuài OC: khuuls MC: khuo̝i 3 Attributions
Kuài 塊 refers to a clod of earth.
- Syntactic words
- nmclod of earth
涅 niè OC: m-liiɡ MC: net 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nmXUN 1: black earth
磐 pán OC: baan MC: bʷɑn 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nmrocky soil
壏 xiàn OC: ɡraamʔ MC: ɦɣam 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- nmkind of soil (GUAN)
沙 shā OC: sraal MC: ʂɣɛ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- nmsand, grains of sand
濘 nìng OC: neeŋs MC: neŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- nadNmuddy
- nmmud
赭 zhě OC: MC: tɕɣɛ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- nmred earth
埃土 āi tǔ OC: qɯɯ kh-laaʔ MC: ʔəi thuo̝ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPmnonreferentialsoil
沃 wò MC: 'owk OC: qowɡCH 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- nm(kind of) soilCH
堊 è OC: qaaɡ MC: ʔɑk 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nmwhitish-grey earth, mud for plastering
墣 pǔ OC: phooɡ MC: phuk 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nclod of earth (GUOYU)
壚 lú OC: ɡ-raa MC: luo̝ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nmblack and firm earth
斥 chì OC: khljaɡ MC: tɕhiɛk 0 Attributions
Chì 斥 and lǔ 鹵 refers to saline ground.
- Syntactic words
- nmsaline earth (SHU)
淤 yū OC: qa MC: ʔi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
Yū 淤 refers to sludge in a river or in the sea. See MUD
- Syntactic words
- nmsoil
潟 xì OC: sqaɡ MC: siɛk 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nmZHOULI saline soil
瀉 xiè OC: MC: sɣɛ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nmsaline soil
畸 jī OC: kral MC: kiɛ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nmirregular field
磧 qì OC: skhleɡ MC: tshiɛk 0 Attributions
Qì 磧 refers to sandy ground.
- Syntactic words
- nmstony soil, gravel
隰 xí OC: sɢlɯb MC: zip 0 Attributions
Xí 隰 refers to low-lying wet ground
- Syntactic words
- nmlow-lying wet land, wet soil
鹵 lǔ OC: ɡ-raaʔ MC: luo̝ 0 Attributions
Chì 斥 and lǔ 鹵 refers to saline ground.
- Syntactic words
- nmsaline earth; soil that is infertile because there is too much salt in it
壤地 rǎng dì OC: njaŋʔ lils MC: ȵi̯ɐŋ di 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPmland under cultivation; arable land
Existing SW for
Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database: