DIRECTION 方向
RELATION to OTHER PLACES.
DIMENSION
Hypernym
- RELATIONFEATURE of TWO OR MORE THINGS TOGETHER.
Hyponym
- HORIZONTAL DIRECTION WHICH IS NOT UP AND NOT DOWN.
- SLANT ALMOST HORISONTAL, BUT MORE LOW ON ONE SIDE than ON the OTHER SIDE.
- VERTICAL DIRECTION TOP/BOTTOM, OR NORTH/SOUTH. [THESE SHOULD SURELY BE SEPARATED!!!]
- BACKWARDS In the DIRECTION of BEHIND ONESELF.
- FORWARD TOWARDS IN-FRONT of ONESELF.
- UPWARD DIRECTED TO A HIGHER PLACE
- DOWNWARDS DIRECTED TOWARDS A LOWER PLACE.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The general term for direction as defining a part of space is fāng 方.
2. Xiāng 鄉 refers to a direction as seen from a subject.
3. Dōng 東 "east", nán 南 "south", xī 西 "west", běi 北 are the major directions.
4. Yáng 陽 refers to the area north of a river and south of a mountain.
5. Yīn 陰 refers to the area south of a river and north of a mountain.
2. Xiāng 鄉 refers to a direction as seen from a subject.
3. Dōng 東 "east", nán 南 "south", xī 西 "west", běi 北 are the major directions.
4. Yáng 陽 refers to the area north of a river and south of a mountain.
5. Yīn 陰 refers to the area south of a river and north of a mountain.
Modern Chinese Criteria
方向
方位
方面
方
向
動向
走向
去向
流向
航向
風向
潮向
山向 refers to the direction a tomb faces.
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
方位
方面
方
向
動向
走向
去向
流向
航向
風向
潮向
山向 refers to the direction a tomb faces.
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
- 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci
(
WU SANXING 2008)
p.
378ff
Words
東 dōng OC: tooŋ MC: tuŋ 36 AttributionsWD
Dōng 東 "east", nán 南 "south", xī 西 "west", běi 北 are the major directions.
- Word relations
- Oppos: 西/DIRECTION
- Syntactic words
- n(post-N.)adVCH
- n[post-N]to the east of oneCH
- nadNeastern
- nadNtowards the direction of the eastCH
- nadVdirectionto the east, eastwards
- nplaceeast
- npost-Nplacethe eastern part or side of something, to the east of something
- n{PLACE}adVon the eastern side, in the eastern part of something; in the east [can perhaps also be taken as a nominal topic in many cases]
- viinchoativemove towards the east
- vtoNturn (one's head) towards the east)
- vtoNiussiveorder to go to the east
西 xī OC: sqɯɯl MC: sei 29 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Oppos: 東/DIRECTION
Dōng 東 "east", nán 南 "south", xī 西 "west", běi 北 are the major directions.
- Syntactic words
- n[post-N.]adVto the west of oneCH
- nadNwestern
- nadNtowards the direction of the westCH
- nadVtowards the west, in the western directionCH
- nadVfromfrom the west
- nplacewest
- n{PLACE}adVtowards the west; on the western side, in the western part
- vigo westwards, travel in the western direction
南 nán OC: noom MC: nəm 25 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Ant: 北/DIRECTION
- Syntactic words
- nadNsouthern 南方
- nadVin the south; towards the south; from the south
- nplacesouth
- n{OBJ}+Vtthe north
- viactmove southwards
左 zuǒ OC: skaalʔ MC: tsɑ 22 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nthe left side
- npost-Nthe left hand side of NCH
- vadNleft
- vadVwith the left hand; on the left side
- vadVtowards lefttowards the left
- viactsteer left; turn left; keep to the left
- vtoNhave on one's left-hand side, as an advisorCH
- vtoNcausativeput on the left; place on the left-hand side
右 yòu OC: ɢʷɯʔ MC: ɦɨu 20 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nthe right sideDS
- npost-Nto the right of N
- npost-Nthe right side of NCH
- vadNright
- vadV(occasionally) with one's right hand
- vadVtowards the rightTWH
- viactsteer towards the right, move towards the right
- vtoNhave on one's right-hand side, as an advisorCH
- vtoNcausativeput on the right
北 běi OC: pɯɯɡ MC: pək 19 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Ant: 南/DIRECTION
- Syntactic words
- nadNnorthern
- nadVin the north; from the north; towards the north, northwards 北面
- nplacenorth
- npost-Npostpositionto the north of N; in the northern part of NDS
- viactmove northwards
鄉 xiāng OC: qhaŋ MC: hi̯ɐŋ 19 AttributionsWD
Xiāng 鄉 refers to a direction as seen from a subject.
- Syntactic words
- nabplacedirection
- viactface in the direction of; go in the direction of (the direction is placed in adverbial position)
- vt+prep+Nface in the direction of NLZ
- vt[oN]be face to face with a personLZ
- vtoNface in the direction of
- vtoN.adVfacing in the direction N to V
東西南北 dōng xī nán běi OC: tooŋ sqɯɯl noom pɯɯɡ MC: tuŋ sei nəm pək 15 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPadVthe directions; in all directions
面 miàn MC: mjienH OC: mensCH 11 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.post-Vface in the direction indicated by V /really V?/CH
向 xiàng OC: qhaŋs MC: hi̯ɐŋ 9 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Synon: 當/DIRECTION
- Syntactic words
- nabpsychhave direction, orientation
- vt[0]oN.postadVdirectional preposition: to V towards N
- vtoNdirect oneself towards > focus on; pay attention to
- vtoN.adVturning or facing towards, to
- vtoN.adVfigurative(with abstract objects): (turn one's attention) towards
- vtoN.adVreflexive.自facing (oneself)
陽 yáng OC: k-laŋ MC: ji̯ɐŋ 8 AttributionsWD
Yáng 陽 refers to the area north of a river and south of a mountain.
- Word relations
- Ant: 陰/DIRECTION
Yīn 陰 refers to the area south of a river and north of a mountain.
- Syntactic words
- nadN(the state of Wèi) in the south
- npost-Nplacenorth; north of a river; south of a mountain
陰 yīn OC: qrɯm MC: ʔim 5 AttributionsWD
Yīn 陰 refers to the area south of a river and north of a mountain.
- Word relations
- Ant: 陽/DIRECTION
Yáng 陽 refers to the area north of a river and south of a mountain.
- Syntactic words
- nadN(the state of Yān) which is in the north
- nplacesouth; south of a river, north of a mountain, north of a city wall
南方 nán fāng OC: noom paŋ MC: nəm pi̯ɐŋ 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NP[adN]one from the south > Southener, person of southern origin
- NPadSin the South
- NPadVin the south
西北 xī běi OC: sqɯɯl pɯɯɡ MC: sei pək 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPnorth-west
- NPadNnorth-westernDS
- NPadVto the north-west, in the direction of north-west
西南 xī nán OC: sqɯɯl noom MC: sei nəm 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPsouth-west
方 fāng OC: paŋ MC: pi̯ɐŋ 3 AttributionsWD
The general term for direction as a part of space is fāng 方.
- Syntactic words
- ndirection
當 dāng OC: taaŋ MC: tɑŋ 2 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Synon: 向/DIRECTION
- Syntactic words
- vtoNface towards
- vtoN.adVV facing NDS
對 duì OC: k-luubs MC: tuo̝i 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoN.adVfacing towards > face to face with
- vtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003: face in a direction
下來 xià lái OC: ɢraas m-rɯɯ MC: ɦɣɛ ləi 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPpostadVdirectioncomplex verbal complement indicating a downwards movement which at the same time is directed towards the speaker 跳下來 come jumping down (towards the speaker)
八達 bā dá OC: preed daad MC: pɣɛt dɑt 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabspaceall directions (see also 八方 "the eight directions")
東南 dōng nán OC: tooŋ noom MC: tuŋ nəm 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPsouth-east
- NPadVin a south-easterly direction
西方 xī fāng MC: sej pjang OC: sqɯɯl paŋLZ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPadSin the WestLZ
八方 bā fāng MC: peat pjang OC: preed paŋCW 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPab.adNeight directionsCW
六極 liù jí MC: ljuwk gik OC: ɡ-ruɡ ɡɯɡCW 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPab.adNsix extremes, six poles, six directionsCW
指 zhǐ MC: tsyijX OC: kjiʔLZ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- nab(where one points to>) directionLZ
望 wàng OC: maŋs MC: mi̯ɐŋ
望 (wáng) OC: maŋ MC: mi̯ɐŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNstativeface towards, be close to
四方 sì fāng MC: sijH pjang OC: plids paŋCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPthe lands in the Four Directions; the Four DirectionsCH
朔 shuò OC: sqrooɡ MC: ʂɣɔk 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- npost-N{PLACE}north of Npl
表 biǎo OC: prawʔ MC: piɛu 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nccdirection 八表
扶桑 fū sāng OC: pa saaŋ MC: pi̯o sɑŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPprplacethe Far East where the sun rises
Click here to add pinyin MC: OC: CH 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.post-Vface in the direction indicated by VCH
Existing SW for
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