LAMP    燈燈

SMALL FURNITURE USED FOR SPREADING LIGHT.
LIGHTLANTERNFLOOR LAMPTABLE LAMPBEDSIDE LAMPBANKER'S LAMPGOOSENECK LAMPCHANDELIERCANDELABRATRADEMARK TIFFANY LAMPFLOODLIGHTSPOTLIGHTSTROBE LIGHTARC LAMPFLUORESCENT LAMPTRACK LIGHTSLAVA LAMPSUNLAMPFLASHLIGHTSTREETLIGHTSTREETLAMPCHINESE LANTERNJAPANESE LANTERNSTORM LANTERNHURRICANE LAMPOIL LAMPKEROSENE LAMP
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general term for a lamp is dēng 燈, and it refers to the vessel (which itself is also written dēng 鐙 ) containing oil, fat, or even melted wax, usually made of metal. Most common were lamps resembling a bowl on a high foot. The bowl was filled with fat or oil which was either burnt itself, or in the centre there was fixed a torch, made ussually of hemp stalks or reed, which was burnt. The lamp came to use in the early Warring States period, and became very common in Han times. 2. Gāng dēng 釭燈 refers to the lamp with a hollow space for smoke; that the term actually refers to this kind of a lamp is supported by several inscriptions on Han lamps. 3. Dēng 鐙 is another term for dēng 燈, but the word refers specifically to the vessel itself. 4. Liáo 燎 refers to a large torch standing on the floor; it was used particularly to illuminate courtyards of the palaces; hence also referred to as tíng liáo 庭燎. Mentioned already in SHIJING. 5. Jù 炬 refers to the torch. 6. Jué 爝 refers to a torch; according to HUANG it should be a small torch, but this suggestion is based only on the possible connotations of the compound 爵.] 7. Là zhú 蠟燭 is the post-Buddhist word for a wax candle. Note that bees were not raised in ancient China, therefore candles were rather valuable artefacts. See CANDLE.
Hyponym
  • CANDLE　SIMPLE SMALL LAMP in the form of a STICK of WAX AND a WICK. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
Hypernym
  • FURNITURE　ARTEFACTS OFTEN PRODUCED USING TIMBER OR BAMBOO FOR CAUSING ROOMS to BECOME APPROPRIATE DWELLINGS. (anc: 5/0, child: 6)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 7.45

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 770

    Lampe:

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 250

  • 中國文化史三百題 ( SANBAITI 1987) p. 284

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 669

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 214ff

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.309

  • Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography ( ROBERTS 1998) p. 497

    • Words (10 items)

    燈  dēng OC: tɯɯŋ MC: təŋ 17 Attributions

    The current general term for a lamp is dēng 燈, and it refers to the vessel (which itself is also written dēng 鐙) containing oil, fat, or even melted wax, usually made of metal. Most common were lamps resembling a bowl on a high foot. The bowl was filled with fat or oil which was either burnt itself, or in the centre there was fixed a torch, made ussually of hemp stalks or reed, which was burnt. The lamp came to use in the early Warring States period, and became very common in Han times.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 燭/CANDLE Zhú 燭refers to the hand-held torch made ussually of hemp stalks or reed. The word is also used for the torch put in a lamp. Some scholars suggest that the term refers to the candle. WANG 1993: 255; HUANG 1995: 1372; SUN 1991: 351.
    • Assoc: 燭/CANDLE Zhú 燭refers to the hand-held torch made ussually of hemp stalks or reed. The word is also used for the torch put in a lamp. Some scholars suggest that the term refers to the candle. WANG 1993: 255; HUANG 1995: 1372; SUN 1991: 351.

    • 楚文物圖典 Chu wenwu tudian ( CHU 2000) p. {col. pl. 28-6, 29-1}

    • 古代文化词义集类辨考 ( HUANG 1995) p. 1374 - 1376

    • () p. 51 - 352, 355 - 357 {tab. 88, 89}

    • 古辭辨 Gu ci bian ( WANG FENGYANG 1993) p. 255

      Syntactic words
    • nlamp
    • nfigurativelamp (as help of orientation for others)
    炬  jù OC: ɡaʔ MC: gi̯ɤ 2 Attributions

    Jù 炬 refers to the torch.

      Syntactic words
    • ntorch
    • nfigurativetorch (of wisdom)
    燎  liáo OC: ɡ-rew MC: liɛu 2 Attributions

    Liáo 燎 refers to a large torch standing on the floor; it was used particularly to illuminate courtyards of the palaces; hence also referred to as tíng liáo 庭燎. Mentioned already in SHIJING.

    • 古代文化词义集类辨考 ( HUANG 1995) p. 1374 - 1375

    • 古辭辨 Gu ci bian ( WANG FENGYANG 1993) p. 255

    • [100 page synonym dictionary which I have in Oslo and shall identify.CH] ( XIANG 1997) p. 647

      Syntactic words
    • nZUO Xiang 31: lamp/torch that stands on the floor
    錠  dìng OC: teeŋs MC: teŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nlamp
    鐙  dèng OC: tɯɯŋs MC: təŋ 1 Attribution

    Dēng 鐙 is another term for dēng 燈, but the word refers specifically to the vessel itself.

      Syntactic words
    • nlamp stand on high foot
    燈燭  dēng zhú MC: tong tsyowk OC: tɯɯŋ tjoɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPplurallamps of all kindsCH
    火  huǒ OC: qphaalʔ MC: hʷɑ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • na light
    爝  jué OC: tsewɡ MC: tsi̯ɐk 1 Attribution

    Jué 爝 refers to a torch; according to HUANG it should be a small torch, but this suggestion is based only on the possible connotations of the compound 爵.

      Syntactic words
    • ntorch
    燋  jiāo OC: tsew MC: tsiɛu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ntorch
    盞  zhǎn OC: tsreenʔ MC: ʈʂɣɛn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ncpost-V{NUM}.post-Nclassifierpost-Han, Wang Xizhi: counter for lamps that stands on a table