ORIGINALLY    本來本

At the MOMENT when something BEGAN.
AT) FIRSTIN/AT THE BEGINNINGTO BEGIN WITHINITIALLYIN THE FIRST PLACEAT THE OUTSET
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The general word is běn 本 (ant. jìng 竟 "in the end") and refers to the crucial and formative early stage in any development. 2. Chū 初 (ant. jīn 今 "nowadays") is purely chronological and does not imply any formative influence of the beginning stage. 3. Shǐ 始 "originally" (ant. zhōng 終 "in the end") does imply a strict continuity of development from the beginnings to later stages. 4. Sù 素 "primordially" (ant. jīn 今 "nowadays") emphasises the primordial and essential purity of the earliest phase of something.
Modern Chinese Criteria
本來 原來 原本 原有 固有 故 舊 老 初 原 原始 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Antonym
  • ENDLATE LIMIT of a PERIOD OR REACH the LATE LIMIT of a PERIOD.
See also
  • BEGINENDURINGLY STOP NOT to ACT OR to BE RESEMBLING:as in the PAST.
Hypernym
  • ORIGIN　PAST as DISTANT OR NEAR CAUSE of SOMETHING. (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • PAST　PERIOD BEFORE NOW. (anc: 4/0, child: 5)
  • TIME　ABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN. (anc: 3/0, child: 11)
  • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 107

    • Words (11 items)

    本  běn OC: pɯɯnʔ MC: puo̝n 10 Attributions

    The general word is běn 本 (ant. jìng 竟 "in the end") and refers to the crucial and formative early stage in any development.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 後/THEREUPON Hòu 後 (ant. qián 前 "before") is a general word indicating that something happens later than something else.

      Syntactic words
    • nadVoriginally; basically
    • nadV.adNoriginally
    • vt+prep+Noriginate from
    始  shǐ OC: lʰɯʔ MC: ɕɨ 7 Attributions

    Shǐ 始"originally" (ant. zhōng 終 "in the end") does imply a strict continuity of development from the beginnings to later stages.

      Syntactic words
    • vadSin the very beginning, originally
    本自  běn zì OC: pɯɯnʔ sblids MC: puo̝n dzi 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVfrom its origin > from birth, inherently, fundamentally; basically; naturally
    本來  běn lái OC: pɯɯnʔ m-rɯɯ MC: puo̝n ləi 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadV(since the origin >) originally
    素  sù OC: saas MC: suo̝ 2 Attributions

    Sù 素 "primordially" (ant. jīn 今 "nowadays") emphasises the primordial and essential purity of the earliest phase of something.

      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]earlier thoughts; previous plans; original ideas
    • vadVbasically, originally
    元來  yuán lái OC: ŋɡon m-rɯɯ MC: ŋi̯ɐn ləi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadSoriginally, fundamentally
    窮本  qióng běn OC: ɡʷɯŋ pɯɯnʔ MC: guŋ puo̝n 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVlogicinvestigating the origin > originally, fundamentally
    窮源  qióng yuán OC: ɡʷɯŋ ŋɡon MC: guŋ ŋi̯ɐn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVlogicinvesitgating it to the origin > originally > as a mastter of fact (based on the evidence)
    初  chū OC: tshra MC: ʈʂhi̯ɤ 1 Attribution

    Chū 初 (ant. jīn 今 "nowadays") is purely chronological and does not imply any formative influence of the beginning stage.

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 起/ARISE The most current general word for something arising is probably qǐ 起 (ant. zhǐ 止 "cease to exist"). [GENERAL]

      Syntactic words
    • nadVfor the first time, first; originally
    幸自  xìng zì OC: ɢreeŋʔ sblids MC: ɦɣɛŋ dzi 1 Attribution
    • () p. 1199c

      本自，原來 (examples from early Tang)

    • 唐五代語言詞典 Táng Wǔdài yǔyán cídiǎn A Dictionary of the Language of the Tang and Five Dynasties Periods ( JIANG/CAO 1997) p. 394

      本自，本

      Syntactic words
    • VPadVoriginally, fundamentally (early Tang)
    起  qǐ OC: khɯʔ MC: khɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVoriginally