PLAY  玩戲

ACT NOT SERIOUSLY so as to CAUSE ONESELF to BECOME DELIGHTED.
AMUSE ONESELFENTERTAIN ONESELFENJOY ONESELFHAVE FUNRELAXOCCUPY ONESELFDIVERT ONESELFFROLICFRISKROMPCAPERINFORMAL MESS AROUND
Hypernym
  • ACTMOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision.
    • MOVECHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION.
      • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2.
        • EVENTREALITY that ARISES in TIME....
See also
  • GAMECUSTOM of PLAYING.
    • ENJOYACT so as to CAUSE ONESELF to FEEL DELIGHT IN-RELATION-TO something.
      Hyponym
      • JOKE　SPEAK so as to PLAY INTENDING thereby to CAUSE OTHERS to LAUGH.
        Old Chinese Criteria
        1. Wán 玩 "play" refers to the act of amusing oneself.

        2. Xì 戲 refers to playful pleasantry, the playing of linguistic games.

        3. Yóu xí 遊戲 refers to playful fun-seeking which involves physical movement.

        Modern Chinese Criteria
        遊戲

        遊玩

        遊藝

        遊樂

        娛樂

        玩耍

        戲耍

        嬉戲

        玩

        耍

        打

        戲

        rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

        • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.26

        • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

          PLAY

          ludus refers (often negatively) to play in an objective sense, inasmuch as it serves entertainment and recreation versus exertion.

          lusus refers (often negatively) to play in a subjective sense, inasmuch as a person carries on with it or even produces it himself, the the nuance is often of childish pointless pasttime.

          iocus refers to mere playing with words and joking.

        • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 141

        • Homo Ludens ( HUIZINGA 1938) p.

        • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

          RECREATIO

        • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 9.1983

          SPIEL

        • Handbuch der lateinischen und griechischen Synonymik ( SCHMIDT 1889) p. 26

        • Enzyklopaedie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie ( MITTELSTRASS 1996) p. 4.35

          SPIEL

        • Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology ( BARNARD AND SPENCER 2002) p.

        • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 83B

        Words

        遊戲  yóu xì OC: lu qhras MC: jɨu hiɛ 11 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • NPabactsupernatural playful deligths
        • VPiactengage in recreational activities, play, entertain oneself; indulge in playful spiritual delights
        玩  wán OC: ŋɡoons MC: ŋʷɑn 10 Attributions

        The most current general word is perhaps xì 戲 "be less than serious", and wán 玩 "play".

          Syntactic words
        • vtoNplay with and enjoy; deal flippantly with; play around with
        戲  xì OC: qhras MC: hiɛ 6 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • npost-Ventertainment; play; performance characterised by VDS
        • viactplay around
        • vt prep N{PLACE}play around in NCH
        • vtoNplay against each other, compete playfully with each otherCH
        弄  nòng OC: ɡ-rooŋs MC: luŋ 5 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • vadNplaying, in play
        • viactengage in playing
        • vt(oN)omplay with a contextually determinate N
        • vtoNplay with; manipulate
        嬉  xī OC: qhɯ MC: hɨ 2 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • nabactdalliance
        • viabandon oneself to untrammeled pleasure> dally
        翫  wàn OC: ŋɡoons MC: ŋʷɑn 2 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • vtoNN=placeplay, sport at/on
        • vtoNpassivebe played around with, be trifled woith
        謔  xuè OC: hŋawɡ MC: hi̯ɐk 2 Attributions

          Syntactic words
        • viactfool around at one's pleasure
        • vtoNtease, make open fun of
        熙  xī MC: xi OC: qhlɯCH 2 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • vifool around, play around; mess about withCH
        優  yōu OC: qu MC: ʔɨu 1 Attribution
          Syntactic words
        • viactenjoy onself together; enjoy cultural intercourse
        敖  áo OC: ŋoow MC: ŋɑu 1 Attribution
          Syntactic words
        • vtoNplay arounde with; amuse oneself with
        遨  áo OC: ŋoow MC: ŋɑu 1 Attribution
          Syntactic words
        • viactplay, amuse oneself
        耍  shuǎ OC: srʔ MC: ʂɣɛ 0 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • vtoNpost-Han: play with
        遨戲  áo xì OC: ŋoow qhras MC: ŋɑu hiɛ 0 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • VPiactamuse oneself
          Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: CH 0 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • vifool around, play around; mess about withCH

        Existing SW for

        Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database: