PLAY    玩戲

ACT NOT SERIOUSLY so as to CAUSE ONESELF to BECOME DELIGHTED.
AMUSE ONESELFENTERTAIN ONESELFENJOY ONESELFHAVE FUNRELAXOCCUPY ONESELFDIVERT ONESELFFROLICFRISKROMPCAPERINFORMAL MESS AROUND
Old Chinese Criteria
1. Wán 玩 "play" refers to the act of amusing oneself. 2. Xì 戲 refers to playful pleasantry, the playing of linguistic games. 3. Yóu xí 遊戲 refers to playful fun-seeking which involves physical movement.
Modern Chinese Criteria
遊戲 遊玩 遊藝 遊樂 娛樂 玩耍 戲耍 嬉戲 玩 耍 打 戲 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • JOKE　SPEAK so as to PLAY INTENDING thereby to CAUSE OTHERS to LAUGH. (anc: 13/0, child: 0)
See also
  • GAMECUSTOM of PLAYING.
  • ENJOYACT so as to CAUSE ONESELF to FEEL DELIGHT IN-RELATION-TO something.
Hypernym
  • ACT　MOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision. (anc: 11/0, child: 24)
  • MOVE　CHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION. (anc: 10/0, child: 21)
  • CHANGE　EVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2. (anc: 9/0, child: 18)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.26

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    PLAY

    ludus refers (often negatively) to play in an objective sense, inasmuch as it serves entertainment and recreation versus exertion.

    lusus refers (often negatively) to play in a subjective sense, inasmuch as a person carries on with it or even produces it himself, the the nuance is often of childish pointless pasttime.

    iocus refers to mere playing with words and joking.

  • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 141

  • Homo Ludens ( HUIZINGA 1938) p.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    RECREATIO

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 9.1983

    SPIEL

  • Handbuch der lateinischen und griechischen Synonymik ( SCHMIDT 1889) p. 26

  • Enzyklopaedie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie ( MITTELSTRASS 1996) p. 4.35

    SPIEL

  • Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology ( BARNARD AND SPENCER 2002) p.

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 83B

    • Words (14 items)

    遊戲  yóu xì OC: lu qhras MC: jɨu hiɛ 11 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactsupernatural playful deligths
    • VPiactengage in recreational activities, play, entertain oneself; indulge in playful spiritual delights
    玩  wán OC: ŋɡoons MC: ŋʷɑn 10 Attributions

    The most current general word is perhaps xì 戲 "be less than serious", and wán 玩 "play".

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNplay with and enjoy; deal flippantly with; play around with
    戲  xì OC: qhras MC: hiɛ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • npost-Ventertainment; play; performance characterised by VDS
    • viactplay around
    • vt prep N{PLACE}play around in NCH
    • vtoNplay against each other, compete playfully with each otherCH
    弄  nòng OC: ɡ-rooŋs MC: luŋ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNplaying, in play
    • viactengage in playing
    • vt(oN)omplay with a contextually determinate N
    • vtoNplay with; manipulate
    翫  wàn OC: ŋɡoons MC: ŋʷɑn 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNN=placeplay, sport at/on
    • vtoNpassivebe played around with, be trifled woith
    謔  xuè OC: hŋawɡ MC: hi̯ɐk 2 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • viactfool around at one's pleasure
    • vtoNtease, make open fun of
    嬉  xī OC: qhɯ MC: hɨ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactdalliance
    • viabandon oneself to untrammeled pleasure> dally
    熙  xī MC: xi OC: qhlɯ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vifool around, play around; mess about withCH
    遨  áo OC: ŋoow MC: ŋɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viactplay, amuse oneself
    優  yōu OC: qu MC: ʔɨu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viactenjoy onself together; enjoy cultural intercourse
    敖  áo OC: ŋoow MC: ŋɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNplay arounde with; amuse oneself with
    耍  shuǎ OC: srʔ MC: ʂɣɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpost-Han: play with
    遨戲  áo xì OC: ŋoow qhras MC: ŋɑu hiɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactamuse oneself
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vifool around, play around; mess about withCH