CAUSE TO  指使

MOVE in SUCH a way that THEREFORE someone or something else CHANGES.
BRING ABOUTGIVE RISE TOLEAD TORESULT INCREATEPRODUCEGENERATEENGENDERSPAWNBRING ONPRECIPITATEPROMPTPROVOKETRIGGERMAKE HAPPENINDUCEINSPIREPROMOTEFOSTERLITERARY BEGETENKINDLE
Antonym
  • HINDERSTOP from ACT:doing what someone or something INTENDS to ACT:do.
    Hypernym
    • MOVECHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION.
      • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2.
        • EVENTREALITY that ARISES in TIME.
          • REALITYEXIST and NOT ONLY BE IMAGINED....
    See also
    • SENDCOMMAND OR CAUSE something OR someone to MOVE OR BE MOVED to a PLACE.
      • COMMANDADDRESS someone, USING AUTHORITY, INTENDING to CAUSE that person to ACT RESEMBLE:as one INTENDS him to ACT.
        Hyponym
        • EMBELLISH　CAUSE-TO BECOME MORE BEAUTIFUL.
          • MAKE-UP　EMBELLISH ONE'S FACE AND CLOTHES FOR A LIMITED PERIOD.
        • SEDUCE　CAUSE OTHERS to ACT:do something one DESIRES them to ACT:do by CAUSING them to be DELIGHTED.
          • EROTIC　TEMPTING ONE TO THINK OF WHAT IS SEXY.
        • ESTABLISH　CAUSE TO BECOME:come to ENDURINGLY EXIST.
          • FEED　CAUSE TO EAT NECESSARY FOOD.
            • REAR　FEED AND PROTECT ENDURINGLY so as to CAUSE TO GROW.
          • FILL　CAUSE TO BECOME FULL.
            • FIX　CAUSE something TO be ENDURING OR NOT to MOVE from a PLACE.
              • DEFINE　EXPLAIN OR FIX the MEANING of something.
            • FRIGHTEN　CAUSE TO FEAR.
              • GIVE　CAUSE someone TO POSSESS in the FUTURE what one POSSESSES at PRESENT.
                • EXCHANGE　GIVE something to someone so as to RECEIVE something OTHER from him.
                • GENEROUS　HABITUALLY GIVE of one's WEALTH to THOSE WHO NEED it....
                • TRANSMIT　RECORD OR REPORT so as to CAUSE LATER GENERATIONS TO KNOW something....
                • HAND UP　TRANSMIT to a SUPERIOR.
                • PAY　GIVE as a PRICE for something.
                • REWARD　GIVE someone something BECAUSE that person has ACTED:done something GOOD.
                • SELL　GIVE something to someone EXCHANGING it for MONEY.
                • FUNERAL GIFT　GIFT GIVEN to the DEAD WHEN these are being BURIED.
                • ENTRUST　GIVE something to someone TRUSTING that s/he FUTURE:will KEEP it DILIGENTLY.
                • LEND OUT　GIVE something to someone, ASSUMING that s/he will GIVE it BACK.
                • GIVE BACK　GIVE so as to CAUSE someone to HAVE AGAIN.
                • DISTRIBUTE　GIVE EQUAL QUANTITY to MANY.
                • COMPENSATE　GIVE BECAUSE ONE RECOGNISES THE RECIPIENT HAS SUFFERED SOMETHING BAD AND DESERVES A GIFT BECAUSE OF THAT.
              • KILL　VOLUNTARILY CAUSE TO DIE.
                • HUNT　TRY to KILL WILD BEASTS OR BIRDS IN the COUNTRYSIDE OR IN a BIG PARK....
                • STRANGLE　KILL someone by BLOCKING BREATHING.
                • EXECUTE　KILL a PRISONER, OBEYING PUBLIC COMMAND.
                • MURDER　KILL a HUMAN NOT LEGITIMATELY.
                • SUICIDE　KILL ONESELF.
              • SMELT　CAUSE METAL TO BECOME LIQUID.
                • OVERTURN　CAUSE TO STOP STANDING.
                  • SPLASH　CAUSE WATER TO MOVE ON.
                    • WIN TRUST　CAUSE OTHERS to BELIEVE one SHOULD be TRUSTED.
                      • DYE　CAUSE to CHANGE so as to HAVE a DEFINED COLOUR.
                        • COMPEL　CAUSE someone to ACT RESEMBLE:as one INTENDS him to, USING THREAT OR VIOLENCE:force.
                          • IGNITE　CAUSE TO BEGIN to BURN.
                            • LOOSEN　CAUSE TO BECOME NOT TIGHT.
                              • MAKE CORRECT　CAUSE TO BECOME CORRECT
                                Old Chinese Criteria
                                1. The current general word for causation is shǐ 使 which can refer to any form of bringing about a process or an action. See also COMMAND and SEND

                                2. Lìng 令, though primarily used for getting things done by ordering them to be done (see COMMAND) came to be used in Warring States times as a general equivalent for shǐ 使. NB: I have not so far found a neat distinction between these two common words in the group.

                                3. Qiǎn 遣, fā 發 all refer to causing things to happen by sending a person to bring them about. See also SEND

                                4. Zhì 致 refers to making others go further in doing something than they normally would.

                                Modern Chinese Criteria
                                指使

                                主使

                                讓

                                叫

                                驅使

                                驅遣

                                驅策

                                rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

                                  Words

                                  使  shǐ OC: srɯʔ MC: ʂɨ 186 AttributionsWD

                                  The current general word for causation is shǐ 使 which can refer to any form of bringing about a process or an action. See also COMMAND and SEND

                                    Word relations
                                  • Synon: 令/CAUSE TO Lìng 令, though primarily used for getting things done by ordering them to be done (see COMMAND) came to be used in Warring States times as a general equivalent for shǐ 使. NB: I have not so far found a neat distinction between these two common words in the group.

                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vt+Sto cause that S, to ensure that SLZ
                                  • vt+S1.post-S2S2 which lead to S1; S2 so that S1DS
                                  • vt+V[0]cause that VLZ
                                  • vt+V[0]Vt=passivebe caused to do something, be made to do sth. 可使
                                  • vt[oN]cause things; bring things about; cause things to be what they are
                                  • vtoNbring about
                                  • vtoNPab{S}cause that SDS
                                  • vtoNpassivebe made to do things
                                  • vtt(oN.)+V[0]cause somebody contextually determinate N to V, make somebody N get into a certain situation, make somebody or something obtain a quality
                                  • vttoN(.+V[0])to cause (somebody) to perform a contextually defined action
                                  • vttoN.+V(0)conativetry to cause someone to do something
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]causative.conativetry to get N to VCH
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]conativetry to cause N to VCH
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]passivebe made to VLZ
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]pivot使我不能息"cause me to be unable to sleep": cause N to V, bring it about that N V-s 
                                  • vttpostnpro:oNpro{PIVOT}.+Vreflexive.自cause (oneself) to V 自使其無死
                                  令  lìng OC: ɡ-reŋ MC: liɛŋ 44 AttributionsWD

                                  Lìng 令, though primarily used for getting things done by ordering them to be done (see COMMAND) came to be used in Warring States times as a general equivalent for shǐ 使. NB: I have not so far found a neat distinction between these two common words in the group.

                                    Word relations
                                  • Synon: 使/CAUSE TO The current general word for causation is shǐ 使 which can refer to any form of bringing about a process or an action. See also COMMAND and SEND

                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vtoN.+V[0]cause it to V
                                  • vtt(oN.)+V[0]cause the contextually determinate object (to do something)
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]pivotcause N to V, get (someone) to (do something); 
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]reflexive.自cause (oneself) to V [Note that this does not get the semantic category "caus".]
                                  招  zhāo OC: kljew MC: tɕiɛu 13 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vtoNfigurativeattract; cause to arise for oneself
                                  致  zhì OC: k-liɡs MC: ʈi 11 AttributionsWD

                                  Zhì 致 refers to making others go further in doing something than they normally would.

                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vtoNbring about
                                  • vtt(oN.)+V[0]cause the contextually determinate N to V
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]cause someone to go as far s to do something
                                  以為  yǐ wéi MC: yiX hjweH OC: k-lɯʔ ɢʷalCH 9 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • VPtt(oN1).+N2make the contextually determinate N1 into an N2CH
                                  俾  bǐ OC: peʔ MC: piɛ 8 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vtt(oN.)+V[0]cause the contextually determinate N to V
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]pivotto cause somebody to do something
                                  召  zhào OC: ɡrlews MC: ɖiɛu 7 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vtoNfig: call up and cause (an event, a state of affairs)
                                  為  wéi OC: ɢʷal MC: ɦiɛ 6 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vt+V[0]perfectivebring it about that V;
                                  徇  xùn OC: sɢʷlins MC: zʷin 3 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]cause N to V
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]passivecaused by N to be Ved
                                  徼  jiāo OC: kleew MC: keu 3 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vtoNarouse
                                  • vtoN= yao1 邀: attract; cause to arise for oneselfLZ
                                  遣  qiǎn OC: khenʔ MC: khiɛn 3 AttributionsWD

                                  Qiǎn 遣, fā 發 all refer to causing things to happen by sending a person to bring them about. See also SEND

                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vtoNsend out on a mission to; send on one's way MOVE THIS TO SEND
                                  發  fā OC: pod MC: pi̯ɐt 2 AttributionsWD

                                  Qiǎn 遣, fā 發 all refer to causing things to happen by sending a person to bring them about. See also SEND

                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]pivotsend someone out to do something
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]pivotto cause someone to send someone out to do somethingCS
                                  致使  zhì shǐ OC: k-liɡs srɯʔ MC: ʈi ʂɨ 2 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • VPtoSbring it about that S
                                  以  yǐ MC: yiX OC: k-lɯʔCS 2 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vt Scausativeto cause that S, to ensure that SCS
                                  差  chāi OC: skhreel MC: ʈʂhɣɛ 1 AttributionWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]pivotpost-Han: send out on a mission
                                  起  qǐ OC: khɯʔ MC: khɨ 1 AttributionWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]arouse N so that it V-s
                                  使令  shǐ lìng OC: srɯʔ ɡ-reŋ MC: ʂɨ liɛŋ 1 AttributionWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • VPtt(oN.)+V[0]cause the contextually determinate object to V
                                  與  yǔ MC: yoX OC: k-laʔDS 1 AttributionWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vtoN. V[0]N=pivotcause N to V; send down V to NDS
                                  派  pài OC: phreeɡs MC: phɣɛ 0 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • vttoN.+V[0]pivotlate colloquial: send out to
                                    Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: CH 0 AttributionsWD
                                    Syntactic words
                                  • VPt(oN1.) N2make the contextually determinate N1 into an N2CH

                                  Existing SW for

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