BURY    埋葬葬

PUT a DEAD HUMAN OR ANIMAL INTO a HOLE in the EARTH.
INTERLAY TO RESTENTOMBBURIALINTERMENTENTOMBMENTCOMMITTALINHUMATIONLAYING TO RESTCREMATIONOBSEQUIESLAST OFFICESMEMORIAL SERVICE
Old Chinese Criteria
1. Mái 埋 is the very general word for concrete interment, the placing of any object in the ground by digging a whole for it. 2. The general word for human burial and funeral arrangements is zàng 葬. For the ritual aspects of funeral practice the standard word is sāng 喪. See MOURNING 3. Bìn 殯 is a formal ritual term referring to the placing of a dead person in a coffin. 4. Shōu 收 is a formal ritual term for preparing a dead person for formal burial. 5. Yì 瘞 is a formal ritual term sometimes referring to preliminary or informal burial, but more regularly to the sacrificial burial of gifts for the deceased. 6. Kēng 坑 is the burying of one or more persons alive, as punishment, or as an emergency burial of large numbers of persons. See EXECUTE 7. Fù 祔 refers in a formal and technical way to the current practice of burying a person in the same grave as someone else, and to the ritual of placing the name tablet of the deceased next to that of someone with whom he was to be ritual associated. 8. Gǎi zàng 改葬 refers to ritual reburial. 9. Sì 肂 is a rare technical term for "preliminary burial". 10. Biǎn 窆 is a rare technical term for "lower into the grave". 11. Diàn 奠 refers to the sacrifice before the enterment of the body. See SACRIFICE
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 SACRIFICE 13. 奠，對人死至葬前所進行的祭祀，置酒食於地。 享，以熟物致祭。 薦，無牲（大型家畜）而祭。 餽，以飲食致祭鬼神。 祼，酌酒灌地而祭祖先。 酹，以酒灑地而祭，不限於祖先。 [ 食＋巂 ] ，以酒酹地而祭，側重其少。 餟，以酒酹地而祭，又為將諸神祭座連綴而祭。
Modern Chinese Criteria
埋葬 葬埋 葬 瘞 入土 埋 掩埋 埋藏 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
See also
  • EXECUTEKILL a PRISONER, OBEYING PUBLIC COMMAND.
  • SACRIFICERITUAL in the form of GIVING gifts to DEITIES.
  • COFFINTIMBER BOX USED FOR BURYING.
Hypernym
  • PUT　DISPLACE IN ORDER TO CAUSE TO BE-IN a PLACE. (anc: 12/0, child: 6)
  • DISPLACE　CAUSE to MOVE. (anc: 11/0, child: 28)
  • MOVE　CHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION. (anc: 10/0, child: 21)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 11.81

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    BURY

    funus refers to the mere carrying out of the dead body of the deceased.

    exsequiae refers to the formal procession of relatives and friends as part of the funeral proceedings.

    pompa refers to the formal procession of relatives and friends as part of the funeral proceedings, but with special reference to the carrying along of symbols and pictures of the deceased.

    BURY

    sepelire refers to burial as the more or less formal enterment of the remains of a dead person as a proper and technical expression.

    condere reers to burial as a general and softer expression.

    humare refers to bural as despositing a dead body in the earth, as the last part of a burial.

    tumulare "to make a proper mound in the place where the dead body lies".

  • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 168

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 814

    Totengebet etc

  • China Handbuch ( FRANKE 1974) p. 130

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 103

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 4.727

  • 中國文化史三百題 ( SANBAITI 1987) p. 388+404

  • "Sachwoerterbuch zum Alten China" ( UNGER SACH) p.

    BESTATTUNG

    GRABGELEITE (burying other persons with the deceased 殉

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 858

    窆，塴，封，堋

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 310

  • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

    FUNERAL RITES

  • Realencyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft ( PAULY 1894-1973) p. 3.331

    BESTATTUNG

  • Handwörterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens ( BAECHTHOLD-STAEUBLI 1987) p. 1.978

  • Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography ( ROBERTS 1998) p. 347

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 73A

    • Words (32 items)

    葬  zàng OC: tsaaŋs MC: tsɑŋ 62 Attributions

    The general word for human burial and funeral arrangements is zàng 葬. For the ritual aspects of funeral practice the standard word is sāng 喪. See MOURNING

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 厚/ABUNDANT Hòu 厚 (ant. báo 薄 "meagerly supplied with something") primarily refers to man-made or man-caused generous abundance, prototypically in contexts such as hospitality or exchange of presents. >>ARTIFICIAL

      Syntactic words
    • nabactpractice of burying; burial; funeral; the funeral proceedings; the cortège
    • vt(oN)bury the contextually determiante person
    • vt+prep+Npassivebe buried at/in
    • vt[oN]conduct burials; conduct a burial
    • vtoNbury, inter
    • vtoNpassiveget buried NB: 而葬此
    • vtt(oN1.)+N2bury the contextually determinate person N1 at the place N2
    • vttoN1.+N2burry N1 at the place N2DS
    埋  mái OC: mɢrɯɯ MC: mɣɛi
    霾  mái OC: mɢrɯɯ MC: mɣɛi 40 Attributions

    Mái 埋 is the very general word for concrete interment, the placing of any object in the ground by digging a whole for it.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactfuneral
    • vt(oN)bury
    • vtoNbury by simply digging (someone) into the ground; dig (objects) into the ground
    • vtoNN=nonhudig (something) ritually into the ground (without the use of a coffin)
    • vtoNobject=inanimatebury (something other than remains of animate beings)
    • vttoN1.+prep+N2figurativecause N1 to sink into N2 (as into a hole in the ground)
    殯  bìn OC: pins MC: pin 17 Attributions

    Bìn 殯 is the placing of a dead person in a coffin.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactthe placing of the corpse into the coffin
    • vt(oN)put the contextually determinate person/ the deceased into a coffin to await burial DCD 1.死者入殮后停柩以待葬。
    • vtoNput into a coffin for burial
    • vtoNpassivebe encoffined; be put into a coffin
    喪  sāng OC: smaaŋ MC: sɑŋ 14 Attributions

    Sāng 喪 is a common-use ritual term for funeral arrangements.

      Word relations
    • Relat: 哀/GRIEF The current general word for deep sorrow is āi 哀 (ant. lè 樂 "profound joy"), and this word refers to an inner state of mind that typically finds expression in ritualised action.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.adNfuneralLZ
    • nabactburial; funeral
    • vt[oN]bury deceasedCH
    • vtoNconduct proper funeral rites for (the dead)
    坑  kēng OC: khraaŋ MC: khɣaŋ 8 Attributions

    Kēng 坑 is the buring of one or more persons alive, as punishment, or as an emergency burial of large numbers of persons. See EXECUTE

      Syntactic words
    • nabactmass burial in a ditch
    • vtoNbury alive in a pit 坑儒生
    • vtoNmiddle voicebe buried in a ditch
    改葬  gǎi zàng OC: klɯɯʔ tsaaŋs MC: kəi tsɑŋ 4 Attributions

    Gǎi zàng 改葬 refers to ritual reburial.

      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)rebury the contextually determinate person
    • VPtoNrebury
    葬埋  zàng mái OC: tsaaŋs mɢrɯɯ MC: tsɑŋ mɣɛi 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactburial in general; the practice of burying people
    • VPtoNN=humanbury
    • VPtoNN=nonhubury
    斂  liǎn OC: ɡ-romʔ MC: liɛm 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)wrap up contextually determinate N for proper encoffining and burial; ceremonially dressing the contextually determined N for burialTW
    • vt(oN1.)post-VtoN2bury the contextually determinate N1 V-ing the N2
    • vtoNwrap up for proper encoffining and burial
    殉  xùn OC: sɢʷlins MC: zʷin 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactthe burying of others to honour a distinguished deceased person
    • nobjectperson buried to honour a distinguished deceased individual
    • vtoNfigurativelead to death in a higher cause; destroy for a higher cause
    祔  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 4 Attributions

    Fù 祔 refers to the current practice of burying a person in the same grave as someone else, and to the ritual of placing the name tablet of the deceased next to that of someone with whom he was to be ritual associated.

      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]bury husband and wife together
    • vtoNbury (someone) in a shared grave
    藏  zàng OC: sɡaaŋs MC: dzɑŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNbury
    瘞埋  yì mái OC: qrebs mɢrɯɯ MC: ʔiɛi mɣɛi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)ombury the contextually determinate person
    • VPtoNpassiveget buried
    收  shōu OC: qjiw MC: ɕɨu 2 Attributions

    Shōu 收 is to prepare a dead person for formal burial.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcollect for burial
    • vtoNpassivebe collected for burial
    肂  sì OC: plils MC: si 1 Attribution

    Sì 肂is a rare technical term for "preliminary burial".

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNbury preliminarily
    • vtoNpassivebe put in a preliminary shallow grave
    殯葬  bìn zàng OC: pins tsaaŋs MC: pin tsɑŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNbury in a proper ritual style
    為殉  wéi xùn OC: ɢʷal sɢʷlins MC: ɦiɛ zʷin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtpost-.vt+N{OBJ}bury N together with a deceased noble person
    火葬  huǒ zàng OC: qphaalʔ tsaaŋs MC: hʷɑ tsɑŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]to bury with fire > cremate
    收藏  shōu zàng MC: syuw dzangH OC: qjiw sɡaaŋs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)藏通葬: bury the contextually determinate NDS
    窀穸  zhūn xī OC: tun MC: ʈʷin ziɛk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactburial
    堋  bèng OC: pɯɯŋs MC: pəŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]put the body in the ground
    宅兆  zhái zhào MC: draek drjewX OC: brlaaɡ ɡrlewʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPburial placeLZ
    安措  ān cuò cù MC: 'an tshuH OC: qaan skhaaɡs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNburyLZ
    薶  mái OC: mɢrɯɯ MC: mɣɛi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNbury
    厝  cuò OC: skhaaɡ MC: tshɑk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNput to rest> bury (compare 措"put")
    墐  jìn OC: ɡrɯns MC: gin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNbury
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPburial placeLZ
    喪葬  sàng zàng OC: smaaŋs tsaaŋs MC: sɑŋ tsɑŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactfuneral arrangements of all kinds
    送終  sòng zhōng OC: sooŋs tjuŋ MC: suŋ tɕuŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactfuneral
    埋卻  mái què OC: mɢrɯɯ khaɡ MC: mɣɛi khi̯ɐk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoN
    瘞  yì OC: qrebs MC: ʔiɛi 0 Attributions

    Yì 瘞 refers to preliminary or informal burial.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNHOUHANSHU: provide an informal burial for 瘞而不葬 "bury informally without proper ritual burial"
    • vtoNpassivebe buried in a preliminary or informal way
    白  bái OC: braaɡ MC: bɣɛk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNrelated to funeral activities (at which white garments were worn)
    窆  biǎn OC: proms MC: piɛm 0 Attributions

    Biǎn 窆 is a rare technical term for lowering a dead body into the grave

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlower (coffin) into the grave ZHOULI