ROPE    繩子

INTENSELY BIG AND STRONG THREAD.
CORDCABLELINEHAWSERSTRINGLASSOLARIAT
Old Chinese Criteria
1. Probably the most general word for the rope is shéng 繩. The term originally referred to the finer rope made of silk or hemp (which was used for instance to make a fishing net), but in Han times it became to be used for all kinds of ropes. Note that ropes in ancient China were like our modern ropes usually twisted of two strips. 2. Suǒ 索 refers to the rope larger and more crude than shéng 繩; it was usually made not of silk or hemp, but of grass, wooden, or bamboo strips. 3. Jīu 糾 according to SHUOWEN refers to the rope twisted of three strips. In fact, this explanation is doubtful, and it seems that while the word refers to the ropes generally, it particularly points to the fact that they are twisted of strips. The word is usually used like a verb "to twist, to weave together", sometimes in meaning to collect together. 4. Táo 綯 is the word for rope which occurs in SHIJING together with suǒ 索. 5. Huī 徽 and mò (written like 絲 and 墨 ) both refer to the crude ropes which were usually used for punishments. The former can be also used like a verb "to bind", the latter can also refer to the crude rope used for other purposes, like a reins for instance. 6. Léi 縲 refer to the large and crude rope used to bind up criminals. 7. Jiān 緘 refers to the rope for tying up basket or a box. 8. Téng 滕 refers to the rope used to tie up something. 9. Huà 繣 refers to the cord for tying something. 10. Guàn 貫 refers to the string to hang cash on, and also to the cash string like a unit; the oldest evidence I have found is in SHIJI. 11. Qiǎng 繈 refers to the cash string (mentioned already in GUANZI and SHIJI. 12. Zhí 縶 refers in SHIJING and ZUO to the rope used to tie the horse. 13. Mí (written like 糜 but with 絲 instead of 米 ) refers to the rope for leading cattle. 14. Zhèn 紖 is another term for the rope used to lead cattle. 15. Xiè 紲 refers to the rope used to hold a dog. 16. Xián 弦 refers either to the string of a bow (usually made of oxen veins), or to the string of a musical instrument:. NB: Finds of ropes are of course extremely rare. Ropes made of grass were found in the Neolithic site of Hemudu (near Shanghai; HUANG 1995: 1420), another other is known from the early Shang site at Mengzhuang in Henan (references and illustrations TO BE FOUND)]
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 COMM 19. ROPE TO TIE UP FEET OF HORSES 縶，縛馬足；縛馬足的繩索。引申為拘縶，多實指。 絆，縛馬後足之繩，泛指縛馬足的繩索，多與 “ 羈 ” 連用，作喻指性詞語；引申為拘縛，也用於喻指。
Modern Chinese Criteria
繩 索 纜 紼 繩子 索子 繩索 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • REINS　ROPES USED TO STEER HORSES. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
See also
  • FETTERSTOOL USED to HINDER PRISONERS from MOVING FREELY.
Hypernym
  • THREAD　INTENSELY LONG THIN ARTEFACT PRODUCED USING COTTON, WOOL, SILK ETC, TYPICALLY USED FOR SEWING OR TYING UP THINGS ETC.. (anc: 5/0, child: 4)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 9.19

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    ROPE

    funis refers to a thick rope designed for pulling a carriage or the like.

    restis refers to a thinner rope used for hanging things up or tying them up.

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 946

    索，繩

    • Words (27 items)

    索  suǒ OC: saaɡ MC: sɑk 4 Attributions

    Suǒ 索 refers to the rope larger and more crude than shéng 繩; it was usually made not of silk or hemp, but of grass, wooden, or bamboo strips.

      Syntactic words
    • nrope; cord, line
    • viactSHI: make ropes
    • vtoNtie up with a rope
    緘縢  jiān téng MC: keam dong OC: kroom lɯɯŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPgeneralisedropes (of any kind)CH
    綆  gěng OC: kraaŋʔ MC: kɣaŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nrope; cord
    緘  jiān OC: kroom MC: kɣɛm 2 Attributions

    Jiān 緘refers to the rope for tying up basket or a box.

      Syntactic words
    • nrope (for tying up a box etc)
    縢  téng OC: lɯɯŋ MC: dəŋ 2 Attributions

    Téng 滕refers to the rope used to tie up something.

      Syntactic words
    • ncord
    繩  shéng OC: sbljɯŋ MC: ʑɨŋ 2 Attributions

    Probably the most general word for the rope is shéng 繩. The term originally referred to the finer rope made of silk or hemp (which was used for instance to make a fishing net), but in Han times it became to be used for all kinds of ropes. Note that ropes in ancient China were like our modern ropes usually twisted of two strips.

      Syntactic words
    • nSHI 226: silken or hempen cord; YI, xici: cord (used in fishing net)
    • nadNmade of ropes > corded (chair)
    繫  xì OC: ɡeeɡs MC: ɦei 2 Attributions

    Zhí 縶 refers in SHIJING and ZUO to the rope used to tie the horse.

    • [100 page synonym dictionary which I have in Oslo and shall identify.CH] ( XIANG 1997) p. 900

      Syntactic words
    • nstrap, lace
    纆  mò OC: mɯɯɡ MC: mək 2 Attributions

    Huī 徽 and mò 纆 both refer to the crude ropes which were usually used for punishments. The former can be also used like a verb "to bind", the latter can also refer to the crude rope used for other purposes, like a reins for instance.

    • 古代文化词义集类辨考 ( HUANG 1995) p. 1422 - 1423

      Syntactic words
    • ncord; string
    貫  guàn OC: koons MC: kʷɑn
    貫  guān OC: koon MC: kʷɑn 1 Attribution

    Guàn 貫refers to the string to hang cash on, and also to the cash string like a unit; the oldest evidence I have found is in SHIJI.

      Syntactic words
    • ncash string, string to hang cash on
    追  zhuī OC: krlul MC: ʈi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nbell-rope
    徽  huī OC: hmɯl MC: hɨi 1 Attribution

    Huī 徽 and mò (written like 絲 and 墨) both refer to the crude ropes which were usually used for punishments. The former can be also used like a verb "to bind", the latter can also refer to the crude rope used for other purposes, like a reins for instance.

    • 古代文化词义集类辨考 ( HUANG 1995) p. 1422 - 1423

      Syntactic words
    • nrope (used on the 琴 to hold the strings in place)CH
    紖  zhèn OC: rliŋʔ MC: ɖin 1 Attribution

    Zhèn 紖is another term for the rope used to lead cattle.

      Syntactic words
    • nrope for leading cattle and horses; tether
    絇  qú OC: ɡo MC: gi̯o 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nornamented shoe-lace
    維  wéi MC: ywij OC: k-lul 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 楫/OAR The most current general term for an oar or a paddle is jí 楫.

      Syntactic words
    • nrope holding paddles in boatsCH
    綯  táo OC: b-lu MC: dɑu 1 Attribution

    Táo 綯 is the word for rope which occurs in SHIJING together with suǒ 索.

      Syntactic words
    • nSHI: rope
    縋  zhuì OC: ɡrlols MC: ɖiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nrope
    縶  zhí OC: tib MC: ʈip 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nrope, tether (Shi)
    纏  chán OC: dan MC: ɖiɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nrope
    絲繩  sī shéng OC: sɯ sbljɯŋ MC: sɨ ʑɨŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPsilk cord
    係  xì OC: keeɡs MC: kei 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nlaces or straps (for socks or shoes)
    弦  xián OC: ɡeen MC: ɦen 0 Attributions

    Xián 弦refers either to the string of a bow (usually made of oxen veins), or to the string of a musical instrument.

      Syntactic words
    糾  jiū OC: kiw MC: kɨu 0 Attributions

    Jīu 糾 according to SHUOWEN refers to the rope twisted of three strips. In fact, this explanation is doubtful, and it seems that while the word refers to the ropes generally, it particularly points to the fact that they are twisted of strips. The word is usually used like a verb "to twist, to weave together", sometimes in meaning to collect together.

    • 古代文化词义集类辨考 ( HUANG 1995) p. 1421 - 1422

      Syntactic words
    紲  xiè OC: sled MC: siɛt 0 Attributions

    Xiè 紲 refers to the rope used to hold a dog.

      Syntactic words
    絼  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions

    zhèn

      Syntactic words
    • nrope (for leading cattle) (ZHOULI)
    縲  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions

    Léi 縲refer to the large and crude rope used to bind up criminals.

      Syntactic words
    繈  qiǎng OC: kaŋʔ MC: ki̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions

    Qiǎng 繈refers to the cash string (mentioned already in GUANZI and SHIJI.

      Syntactic words
    繣  huà OC: ɢʷreeɡs MC: ɦɣɛ 0 Attributions

    Huà 繣refers to the cord for tying something.

      Syntactic words
    • ncord