CANAL    人工溝溝

ARTEFACT:artificial RIVER.
INLAND WATERWAYWATERCOURSECHANNEL
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The most general current word for a man-made ditch or canal of any kind is gōu 溝. The word is often used to refer specifically to a large canal. 2. Dú 瀆 typically refers to a man-made canal that is generally smaller than gōu 溝, but see also RIVER. Drainage canals betweens fields have different names according to the size of cultivated area they surroud. In descending order of size these are: 3. Qú 渠 refers to the largest drainage canal. 4. Xù 洫 is a drainage ditch between large fields. 5. Suì 遂 is the next largest drainage ditch. 6. Kuài 澮 is the next largest. 7. Quǎn 畎／甽 is a very small dranage canal between lǒng 壟 "square patches of land in fields". 8. Gōu huò 溝壑 is a general term for any ditches or waterways smaller than the rivers.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 GEOGRAPHY 16. 農田水溝，起源早，主要用於排水。 古代井田制，十里見方的田稱作 “ 成 ” ，成與成之間的水渠稱 “ 洫 ” 。 “ 洫 ” 後又泛指田間的水溝。 溝，井田之間的大溝渠，比洫小，溝里的水排入洫中。 澮，比溝小，其水排入溝中。 畎，壟畝間的最小水溝 。遂，田間受水、排水的小溝。 渠，戰國時出現用於灌溉的溝渠，農田溉渠的通稱。
Modern Chinese Criteria
溝渠 溝洫 溝子 溝 渠 渠道 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • MOAT　CANAL PRODUCED FOR DEFENDING A CITY. (anc: 9/0, child: 0)
Hypernym
  • RIVER　MUCH ASSEMBLED FLOWING WATER as PART OF LANDSCAPE. (anc: 7/0, child: 3)
  • WATER　INTENSELY COMMON TRANSPARENT LIQUID LACKING TASTE which FILLS RIVERS AND the SEA. (anc: 6/0, child: 10)
  • LIQUID　SUBSTANCE which CAN FLOW. (anc: 5/0, child: 9)
  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 36

  • 古代文化詞異集類辨考 Gudai wenhua ci yi ji lei bian kao ( HUANG JINGUI 1995) p. 374

  • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. 16

  • 中國文化史三百題 ( SANBAITI 1987) p. 166-69

  • 中國文化史三百題 ( SANBAITI 1987) p. 234

  • 古辭辨 Gu ci bian ( WANG FENGYANG 1993) p. 50

    • Words (14 items)

    溝壑  gōu hè OC: koo qhaaɡ MC: ku hɑk 22 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialthe ditches, gullies and waterways (into which dead bodies are thrown)
    • NPpostVtpluralthe waterways, the canals and ditches
    溝  gōu OC: koo MC: ku 14 Attributions

    The most general current word for a man-made ditch or canal of any kind is gōu 溝. The word is often used to refer specifically to a large canal.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 洫/CANAL Xù 洫 is a drainage ditch between large fields.
    • Assoc: 洫/CANAL Xù 洫 is a drainage ditch between large fields.
    • Assoc: 澮/CANAL Quǎn 畎／甽 is a very small dranage canal between lǒng 壟 "square patches of land in fields".
    • Assoc: 壑/ABYSS Hè 壑 can refer to a steep deep valley or abyss. The distinction with VALLEY is often unclear. >>PROSAIC
    • Assoc: 壑/MOUNTAIN BROOK

      Syntactic words
    • nditch; artificial drainage canal to demarcate a large field, and along the roads
    瀆  dú OC: ɡ-looɡ MC: duk 7 Attributions

    Dú 瀆 typically refers to a man-made canal that is generally smaller than gōu 溝, but see also RIVER.

      Syntactic words
    • nJia Yi, dao Quyuan: small canal, drain (which cannot hold a large fish)
    • ncanalLZ
    溝渠  gōu qú OC: koo ɡa MC: ku gi̯ɤ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialplural: canals
    溝瀆  gōu dú OC: koo ɡ-looɡ MC: ku duk 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP{N1&N2}nonreferentialditches and canals, small waterways
    渠  qú OC: ɡa MC: gi̯ɤ 4 Attributions

    Qú 渠 refers to the largest drainage canal.

      Syntactic words
    • ncanal; drainage canal; drain
    溝洫  gōu xù OC: koo qhʷrɯɡ MC: ku hɨk 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralcanals; irrigation waterworks
    浸  jìn 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nirrigation canalCH
    溝澮  gōu kuài MC: kuw kwajH OC: koo -- 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPcanals of any kindLZ
    洫  xù OC: qhʷrɯɡ MC: hɨk 2 Attributions

    Xù 洫 is a drainage ditch between large fields.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 溝/CANAL The most general current word for a man-made ditch or canal of any kind is gōu 溝. The word is often used to refer specifically to a large canal.
    • Assoc: 溝/CANAL The most general current word for a man-made ditch or canal of any kind is gōu 溝. The word is often used to refer specifically to a large canal.

      Syntactic words
    • ngeneral term for drainage ditch between large fields, which also served as a boundary 封洫
    潦  lào OC: ɡ-reews MC: lɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nditch
    澮  kuài OC: kloobs MC: kɑi 1 Attribution

    Quǎn 畎／甽 is a very small dranage canal between lǒng 壟 "square patches of land in fields".

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 溝/CANAL The most general current word for a man-made ditch or canal of any kind is gōu 溝. The word is often used to refer specifically to a large canal.

      Syntactic words
    • ndrainage canal between larger areas of land within one field, i.e. several lǒng 壟
    畎  quǎn OC: kʷeenʔ MC: ken
    甽  juǎn OC: kuunʔ MC: ken 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nsmall watering canals in fields
    遂  suì OC: sɢluds MC: zi 0 Attributions

    Kuài 澮 is the next largest.

      Syntactic words
    • nstandard drainage canal between fields, larger than kuài 澮