STRING INSTRUMENTS    弦樂器琴

MUSICAL INSTRUMENT which has STRINGS.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The most current musical instrument in ancient China is the qín 琴﹣ lute which generally had seven strings. This instrument is played with both hands. With one's left hand one holds down the strings while one plucks with one's right hand. 2. Sè 瑟 refers to a larger instrument than the qín 琴, and the number of strings was standardly 25. The strings were longer and gave a deeper and more sentimental sound. This instrument is also played with both hands, but here both hands are plucking and are able to produce more polyphonic effects. 3. Zhēng 箏 refers to an instrument very much like a sè 瑟 native to the state of Qín but spread all over China, but the instrument typically has 13 strings. It is played in basically the same way as the sè 瑟, but gives a crisper sound. See illustrations. 4. Zhú 筑 refers to a 13 string instrument which is not plucked but struck with a small bamboo object called zhú chǐ 竹尺. 5. Kǒng hóu 箜篌 is a small harp with 25 strings first mentioned in Shǐjì.
Modern Chinese Criteria
琴 絲桐 古琴 七弦琴 柳琴 金剛腿 三弦 弦子 二胡 南胡 琵琶 紫檀槽 揚琴 洋琴 打琴 蝴蝶琴 扇面琴 小提琴 梵啞鈴 二胡 四胡 板胡 高胡 小提琴 中提琴 大提琴 倍大提琴 低音提琴 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hypernym
  • MUSICAL INSTRUMENT　TOOLS USED FOR PRODUCING MUSIC. (anc: 5/0, child: 6)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 801

    se, Saiteninstrumente:

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 4.1938

  • 漢代無知文化資料圖說 ( SUN JI) p. 385

  • 古辭辨 Gu ci bian ( WANG FENGYANG 1993) p. 315

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.317

    • Words (14 items)

    琴  qín OC: ɡrɯm MC: gim 17 Attributions

    The most current musical instrument in ancient China is the qín 琴﹣lute which generally had seven strings. This instrument is played with both hands. With one's left hand one holds down the strings while one plucks with one's right hand.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 瑟/STRING INSTRUMENTS Sè 瑟 refers to a larger instrument than the qín 琴, and the number of strings was standardly 25. The strings were longer and gave a deeper and more sentimental sound. This instrument is also played with both hands, but here both hands are plucking and are able to produce more polyphonic effects.
    • Object: 援/TAKE
    • Object: 撫/PLUCK STRINGS
    • Assoc: 瑟/STRING INSTRUMENTS Sè 瑟 refers to a larger instrument than the qín 琴, and the number of strings was standardly 25. The strings were longer and gave a deeper and more sentimental sound. This instrument is also played with both hands, but here both hands are plucking and are able to produce more polyphonic effects.

      Syntactic words
    • nlute
    • viactplay the lute
    瑟  sè OC: sbriɡ MC: ʂɪt 11 Attributions

    Sè 瑟 refers to a larger instrument than the qín 琴, and the number of strings was standardly 25. The strings were longer and gave a deeper and more sentimental sound. This instrument is also played with both hands, but here both hands are plucking and are able to produce more polyphonic effects.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 琴/STRING INSTRUMENTS The most current musical instrument in ancient China is the qín 琴﹣lute which generally had seven strings. This instrument is played with both hands. With one's left hand one holds down the strings while one plucks with one's right hand.
    • Assoc: 琴/STRING INSTRUMENTS The most current musical instrument in ancient China is the qín 琴﹣lute which generally had seven strings. This instrument is played with both hands. With one's left hand one holds down the strings while one plucks with one's right hand.

      Syntactic words
    • nzither with a large number of strings, typically 25.
    筑  zhú OC: tuɡ MC: ʈuk 2 Attributions

    Zhú 筑 refers to a 13 string instrument which is not plucked but struck with a small bamboo object called zhú chǐ 竹尺.

      Syntactic words
    • nthirteen-stringed lute with large head, played with a bamboo plastron
    琵琶  pí pá OC: bi braa MC: bi bɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • npost-Han, SANGUO: guitar-like instrument with four strings and 13
    軫  zhěn OC: kljɯnʔ MC: tɕin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • npeg (of a lute etc)
    五弦  wǔ xián OC: ŋaaʔ ɡeen MC: ŋuo̝ ɦen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPthe five-stringed lute
    柱  zhù OC: doʔ MC: ɖi̯o 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • npeg of string instruments
    鳴琴  míng qín OC: mreŋ ɡrɯm MC: mɣaŋ gim 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPresonant lute; fine (??) lute
    絃  xián MC: hen OC: ɡeen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nmstring instrumentsCH
    阮咸  ruǎn xián OC: ŋɡonʔ ɡroom MC: ŋi̯ɐn ɦɣɛm 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nfour-stringed guitar-like instrument, Han predecessor of the later yuè qín 月琴 "moon lute"
    鰴  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions

    huī

      Syntactic words
    • nsmall thin piece of wood cross-wise under the strings indicating proper positions of the hand for intonation (as on a modern guitar)
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nmstring instrumentsCH
    箜篌  kōng hóu OC: khooŋ ɡoo MC: khuŋ ɦu 0 Attributions

    Kǒng hóu 箜篌 is a small harp with 25 strings first mentioned in Shǐjì.

      Syntactic words
    • na small harp with 25 strings first mentioned in Shǐjì, of non-Chinese central Asian origin
    箏  zhēng OC: skreeŋ MC: ʈʂɣɛŋ 0 Attributions

    Zhēng 箏refers to an instrument very much like a sè 瑟 native to the state of Qín but spread all over China, but the instrument typically has 13 strings. It is played in basically the same way as the sè 瑟, but gives a crisper sound. See illustrations.

      Syntactic words
    • nWestern zither, with thirteen strings