BRIDGE    橋梁

ARTIFACT BUILT FOR:in order to CAUSE HUMANS to be ABLE to CROSS TYPICALLY a RIVER OR a VALLEY.  
VIADUCTOVERPASSFIXED LINKAQUEDUCT
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for a bridge is liáng 梁, and this word refers to a bridge which is large enough for a cart or carriage to pass. 2. Qiáo 橋 begins to be used for a very substantial bridge in Han times and refers then to a major bridge on which several carts might even cross from different directions at the same time. The word seems to be of colloquial origin, and referred originally to the "bridge" or crosspiece across a well. 3. Gāng 杠 is a small, usually short bridge, sometimes with stone frame and one wooden planks to walk on.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 COMMUNICATIONS 5. 杠，僅供人行走的獨木橋。 梁，可以通車的橋，引申為并舟而成的浮橋，戰國以後泛指橋梁。 橋，秦漢以後指高出水面很多的橋，并成為橋梁的通稱。
Modern Chinese Criteria
橋梁 飛梁 玉虹 玉腰 懸索橋 吊橋 開合橋 活動橋 拱橋 羅鍋橋 旱橋 天橋 引橋 便橋 木橋 石橋 鐵橋 竹橋 浮橋 棧橋 橋 鐵索橋 獨木橋 鐵路橋 公路橋 高架橋 跨線橋 漫水橋 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hypernym
  • BUILDING　BIG ARTEFACT PRODUCED FOR HUMANS OR ANIMALS to DWELL in OR BE-IN, or MOVE ON. (anc: 5/0, child: 23)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 10.74

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 1966) p. 204

    Bruecke:

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 729

    Bruecke:

    There is even one named bridge among the Han reliefs.

  • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. 22

  • 中國文化史三百題 ( SANBAITI 1987) p. 230

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 484

    橋，梁

    1. While it is true that qia2o 橋 is not commonly used before Han times to refer to a bridge independently, its common use in place names does seem to indicate clearly that the word did mean bridge even in early times described in ZUO. HEGUAN does have 橋梁. The famous granary in ZUO at Ju4qia2o 句橋, I imagine, was not named after a large beam over a well, but rather a bridge.

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 157

    • Words (5 items)

    梁  liáng OC: k-raŋ MC: li̯ɐŋ 18 Attributions

    The current general word for a bridge is liáng 梁, and this word refers to a bridge which is large enough for a cart or carriage to pass.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 橋/BRIDGE Qiáo 橋 begins to be used for a very substantial bridge in Han times and refers then to a major bridge on which several carts might even cross from different directions at the same time. The word seems to be of colloquial origin, and referred originally to the "bridge" or crosspiece across a well.

    • () p. {52-10}

      Syntactic words
    • nliterary: wooden bridge; beam dam
    • vtoNserve as bridge over; to bridge
    橋  qiáo OC: ɡrew MC: giɛu 12 Attributions

    Qiáo 橋 begins to be used for a very substantial bridge in Han times and refers then to a major bridge on which several carts might even cross from different directions at the same time. The word seems to be of colloquial origin, and referred originally to the "bridge" or crosspiece across a well.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 梁/BRIDGE The current general word for a bridge is liáng 梁, and this word refers to a bridge which is large enough for a cart or carriage to pass.

    • () p. {52-9}

      Syntactic words
    • ncolloquial: current from Han times: wooden bridge of considerable width
    杠  gāng OC: krooŋ MC: kɣɔŋ 4 Attributions

    Gāng 杠 is a small, usually short bridge, sometimes with stone frame and one wooden plank to walk on.

      Syntactic words
    • nMENG: wooden footbridge
    浮橋  fú qiáo OC: bu ɡrew MC: bɨu giɛu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPpontoon bridge
    圯  yí OC: lɯ MC: jɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ndialect: bridge