GUILT    犯罪感罪／愆

RESPONSIBILITY FOR ONE'S AVOIDABLE PAST BAD ACT. 
CULPABILITYGUILTINESSBLAMEWORTHINESSWRONGDOINGWRONGCRIMINALITYMISCONDUCTSIN
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The dominant standard general word for any kind of guilt, large or small, is zuì 罪 (ant. gōng 功 "merit"), but this does not refer to any feelings of guilt; the general term for feelings of guilt is jiù 疚 REGRET. 2. Qiān 愆, (sometimes written qiān 騫 ) refers to slight guilt or responsibility for a mistake. 3. Yóu 尤 refers to the blame one suffers for a misdeed. For zéi 賊, a dramatic derogatory term referring to abject villainy, see VILLAIN.
Modern Chinese Criteria
罪感 translates the Western notion of guilt. 犯罪感 is an expanded and perhaps slightly more common translation. rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • GUILTY　Be the CAUSE of something BAD that one would have been ABLE to AVOID. (anc: 9/0, child: 0)
Antonym
See also
  • MISTAKENEGLECT something and ACT so as to FAIL to ACHIEVE one's INTENTION.
  • CRIMEWICKED ACT OFFENDING INTENSELY against an IMPORTANT LAW.
  • WICKEDMORALLY BAD.
  • SINVICE OR CRIME OFFENDING AGAINST DEITIES.
  • JUDGEDECIDE, as HAVING AUTHORITY, whether someone is GUILTY OR INNOCENT, OR whether an ACCUSATION OR SENTENCE:statement is TRUE OR FALSE.
Hypernym
  • RESPONSIBILITY　ENDURING SHOULD:obligation TO ACT CONFORMING to certain RULES. (anc: 7/0, child: 1)
  • SHOULD　Be APPROPRIATE for a HUMAN to ACT:do something DEFINITE. (anc: 6/0, child: 2)
  • APPROPRIATE　EXCELLENT in a DEFINED SITUATION OR FOR a DEFINED NEED. (anc: 5/0, child: 8)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.76

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 21.35

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    GUILT

    culpa refers to guilt as the state of one who as a rational being is responsible fro an offense of any kind.

    noxia is the state of one who has caused an offense for which he is not necessarily criminally responsible.

    vitium refers to an action or even a qujality in aperson which is taken to deserve censure, and the word may even refer to an undeserved defect.

    GUILTY

    nocens indicates plain guilt without any judgment on character.

    noxius and the poetic nocuus refer to the personal character of someone who is prone to incur guilt.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    CULPA

  • Tolkovo-kombinatornyj slovar' sovremmenogo russkogo jazyka. Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian ( Mel'cuk 1984) p. 196ff

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 353

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 10.598

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 8.1442

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

  • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

    SIN AND GUILT

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 146A

    • Words (12 items)

    罪  zuì OC: sbuulʔ MC: dzuo̝i 51 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 禍/DISASTER The most common general word for disasters is huò 禍 (ant. fú 福 "good fortune") which has no connotations of any metaphysical kind. (In OBI the character currently transcribed as huò 禍 - and closely related to 占 - refers not only to disasters as such, but particularly to disastrous omens.)

      Syntactic words
    • nab(post-N)socialthe guilt of the contextually determinate person
    • nab.post-NmoralN's moral mistake, N's criminal responsibility, N's faultCH
    • nabmoralcriminal guilt; criminal responsibility; 獄決罪定
    • nabspiritualguilt; moral fault
    • v[adN]nonreferentialone who is guilty of a crime; culprits
    • vadNcriminal (rebellion); guilty (prisoner)
    • vibe guilty of a crime
    • vtoNputativehold guilty of (death) 罪死
    有罪  yǒu zuì OC: ɢʷɯʔ sbuulʔ MC: ɦɨu dzuo̝i 24 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]those who are guilty; the one who is guilty, the culprit
    • VPadNguilty; criminalDS
    • VPibe guilty
    • VPievent: turn out to be guilty; prove guilty of a crimeCH
    • VPt+prep+Nhave committed a crime against, be guilty of a crime againstCH
    有過  yǒu guò OC: ɢʷɯʔ klools MC: ɦɨu kʷɑ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]nonreferentialcultprit; person who has committed a transgression or a mistake
    • VPibe guilty, be at fault
    死  sǐ OC: pliʔ MC: si 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]nonreferentialsomeone guilty of death
    • vadNdeserving deathTWH
    • vibe guilty of death, deserve deathCH
    尤  yóu OC: ɢʷɯ MC: ɦɨu 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactSHI 54: SHI 204 blameworthy points, faults; mistakes 亡尤
    罪咎  zuì jiù OC: sbuulʔ ɡlɯwʔ MC: dzuo̝i gɨu 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabsocialguilt;
    刑  xíng OC: ɡeeŋ MC: ɦeŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]passivesomeone guilty of physical punishment through mutilation etc.
    咎  jiù OC: ɡlɯwʔ MC: gɨu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychfeeling of guilt, remorse, self-reproof
    罰  fá OC: bod MC: bi̯ɐt 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]pluralthose who deserve punishment of fining
    罪釁  zuì xìn OC: sbuulʔ qhrɯns MC: dzuo̝i hin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeatureprofound guilt
    騫  qiān OC: khran MC: khiɛn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactguilt
    愆  qiān OC: khran MC: khiɛn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturefault, mistake
    • vibe at fault, be guilty of a mistake