Taxonomy of meanings for 頭陀:  

  • MONK
    • NPbuddhistBUDDH: a monk (who has decided to undergo suffering of the toútuó kind)
  • SUFFER
    • NPabactBUDDH: the practices with the purpose of removing afflictions (usually comprising of 12 kinds of practices aiming at removing the desires after food, clothing, sleep, etc.), ascetic practices; skr./pali dhūta
    • NPadVin the name of Buddhist suffering