BINOME-TONAL-CACOPHONY  聯合詞－聲調不順耳

Binome with tonal cacophony.

Hypernym
  • BINOMERHETORICAL STYLE in which two-morpheme words are used or preferred to one-syllable words. Customary or emphatic juxtaposition of coordinate elements (with syntactically and semantically reversible word order) without markers of their relation. Traditionally classified as ASYNDETON.
    • RHETORICAL STYLE體裁詞格　RHETORICAL DEVICE which is mainly concerned with matters of style of presentation rather than distribution of expressions or semantic structure.
The general principle of euphony is that IN REVERSIBLE BINOMES all MC tones precede Middle Chinese entering tone, and that all Middle Chinese level tones precede MC falling tone. Whatever corresponds to Middle Chinese tones in Old Chinese reconstructions clearly tended to affect preferred word order in reversible binomes in Old Chinese, as demonstrated in detail by Ulrich Unger in his 8 volume grammar of classical Chinese. The attempted subclassification of binomes tries to systematise the evidence for and against Unger's generalisations.

    Rhetorical device locations: 22
    • 百喻經 不欲看樹；

      即便

    • 韓非子 不應則責怨。

      責怨 . Homorganic link: g-q, semiguttural.

    • 韓非子 則心畏恐； 心畏恐

      畏恐 . The more general comes last.　Problematic.

    • 韓非子 而道闊遠若是也，

      闊遠 . The most general comes last. Problematic.

    • 韓非子 而不服從道理。

      服從 . Initial for 從 unclear.

    • 韓非子 虛無服從於道理，

      服從 . Initial for 從 unclear.

    • 韓非子 凡法令更

      法令 . Problematic

    • 韓非子 獄訟繁，

      獄訟 . Combination k-s euphonically acceptable. See also 腹心 which has similar regularities.

    • 韓非子 而貨資有餘者，

      貨資 . Problematic.

    • 道德經 夫甲兵者不祥之器，

      甲兵 . Homorganic link: labial.

    • 道德經 是以大丈夫，

      丈夫 . Probably modifying construction.

    • 道德經 法令滋彰

      法令

    • 道德經 雖有甲兵

      甲兵 . Homorganic link: labial.

    • 論語 「使民敬忠以勸，

      敬忠 . The euphonic word order would be and several times elsewhere is 忠敬 . Perhaps 敬 "respectfully" modifies 忠 "do one's loyal best"? Note that the final alliteration does nothing to explain the word order here.

    • 論語 揖讓而升，

      揖讓 . Non-homorganic link: b-n. Motivated by the order in which the actions are performed?

    • 論語 四海困窮，

      困窮 . Non-homorganic link: ns-g. 困 is "high tone" (high-toned are all words beginning with a unvoiced consonant; low-toned are all other words beginning with a voiced consonant).

    • 史記 慎遵職事。

      職事

    • 史記 以省卒士。

      卒士

    • 史記 奮揚武德。
    • 莊子 大有逕庭，

      逕庭 . 庭 possibly fourth tone.

    • 莊子 東西跳梁，

      跳梁 . Problematic.

    • 莊子 物无害者，

      困苦 . Problematic.