SYNECDOCHE  屬類部分引伸法

METONYMY with part for whole; whole for part; genus for species; species for genus.

The difficult contrast is between METONYMY where there is a variously defined but semantically clear relation of the extended use to the primary use of a word, METAPHORA, in which there is only poetic suggestiveness and no clear and explicit, semantic link, and finallly SYNECDOCHE, in which the relation is one of taxonymy or of mereonymy (part-whole relationship).

Hypernym
  • METONYMYRhRHETORICAL TROPE in the form of the use of an expression in a meaning which it literally does not have but which is clearly related to the basic meaning of that expression.Substitution of a semantically clearly related but literally inappropriate word for another literally appropriate word. The contrast is between METONYMY where there is a variously defined but semantically clear relation of the extended use to the primary use of a word, METAPHORA, in which there is only poetic suggestiveness and no clear and explicit, semantic link, and finallly SYNECDOCHE, in which the relation is one of taxonymy or of mereonymy (part-whole relationship).
    • RHETORICAL TROPE體裁詞格　RHETORICAL DEVICE mainly concerned with the structural semantics of expressions.
Miriam 112 "Synecdoche is a trope which heightens meaning by substituting genus for species, species for genus, part for whole, whole for part."

EX: 鐵 "iron" for "plough" (genus for species). 絲竹 "string and bamboo" for "string and bamboo instruments" (genus for species).

REF: Lausberg 572-577

Greek/Latin: ad Herennium: 4.33.44: intellectio est, cum res tota parva de parte cognoscitur aut de toto pars. Much cultivated theoretically, and very common in the literature.

Ancient Chinese: Not uncommon, but stil uninvestigated.

NB: Metonymy is by freer form of extension than synecdoche: cause for effect, effect for cause; proper name for quality, quality for a proper name etc..

Rhetorical device locations: 1