MUTUAL  互相交

INTERACT with and be INTERACTED with.
EACH OTHERRECIPROCALRECIPROCALRECIPROCATEDRETURNEDCOMMONJOINTSHARED
Hypernym
  • INTERACTACT so as to CAUSE ANOTHER TO REACT.
    • ACTMOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision.
      • MOVECHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION.
        • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2....
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for mutuality between any number of agents is jiāo 交 which can refer to multiple mutual relations entertained or joined into by any given agent.

2. Xiāng 相 refers to mutuality but not necessarily reciprocity between two agents and the mutuality does not have to be contemporaneous (NB: the word even more often acts as an object pronouns). Thus X may do something to Y, and Y to Z, and this constellation would allow for the use of xiāng 相, as in the phrase xiāng jì 相繼 or xiāng suí 相隨 "1. follow one another; (but note also the here irrelevant 2. followed him/her/them)". Moreover, xiāng zhù 相助 does not imply synchronised or contemporaneous help: X may help Y at one time, and Y may help X at another time, and this collaboration will qualify for xiāng zhù 相助.

3. Hù 互 refers specifically to reciprocity of interaction between two agents, and the reciprocity of interaction must occur at the same time.

Modern Chinese Criteria
互相

相互

交互

彼此

相

互

rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    RECIPROCITY

    vicissim refers to successive reciprocity.

    invicem refers to mutual acting and suffering between two persons or things with reference to reciprocal ations

    mutuo refers to mutuality between two persons or things with reference to reciprocal states.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    MUTUUM

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 3.120

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 185

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 190

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 581

Words

相  xiāng MC: sjang OC: sqaŋ 96 AttributionsWD

Xiāng 相 refers to mutuality but not necessarily reciprocity between two agents and the mutuality does not have to be contemporaneous (NB: the word even more often acts as an object pronouns). Thus X may do something to Y, and Y to Z, and this constellation would allow for the use of xiāng 相, as in the phrase xiāng jì 相繼 or xiāng suí 相隨 "1. follow one another; (but note also the here irrelevant 2. followed him/her/them)". Moreover, xiāng zhù 相助 does not imply synchronised or contemporaneous help: X may help Y at one time, and Y may help X at another time, and this collaboration will qualify for xiāng zhù 相助.

    Syntactic words
  • npro+Vt+None another's NCH
  • npro{OBJ}+Vtobjectone another; to one another
胥  xū OC: sqa MC: si̯ɤ 3 AttributionsWD
    Syntactic words
  • nabautonymthe word 胥 "mutually"
  • padVmutually, one another
遞相  dì xiāng OC: leeʔ sqaŋ MC: dei si̯ɐŋ 3 AttributionsWD
    Syntactic words
  • PPadVall mutually to each other
交  jiāo OC: kreew MC: kɣɛu 2 AttributionsWD

The current general word for mutuality between any number of agents is jiāo 交 which can refer to multiple mutual relations entertained or joined into by any given agent.

    Syntactic words
  • vadVmutually and in collaboration or in conflict
互相  hù xiāng MC: huH sjang OC: ɢaas sqaŋ 2 AttributionsWD
    Syntactic words
  • VPadVmutually, each other
互  hù OC: ɢaas MC: ɦuo̝ 1 AttributionWD

Hù 互 refers specifically to reciprocity of interaction between two agents, and the reciprocity of interaction must occur at the same time.

    Syntactic words
  • padVmutually, in mutual interaction
  • vtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
交相  jiāo xiāng MC: kaew sjang OC: kreew sqaŋCH 1 AttributionWD
    Syntactic words
  • VPadVtmutually Vt each otherCH
更相  gēng xiāng MC: kaeng sjang OC: kraaŋ sqaŋCH 1 AttributionWD
    Syntactic words
  • VPadVmutually, in turnCH
共相  gòng xiāng OC: ɡoŋs sqaŋ MC: gi̯oŋ si̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
    Syntactic words
  • PPadVmutually in common > against each other; vis-a-vis each other

Existing SW for

Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database:

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