NEVER    永不

ENDURINGLY:always NOT.
NOT EVERAT NO TIMENOT AT ANY TIMENOT ONCELITERARY NE'ER
Modern Chinese Criteria
永不 never in the future. 從不 never in the past. 從未 (lit) never at any time. 絕不 never at all, absolutely not. rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／ LU JIANMING
Hypernym
  • ENDURING　BIG in respect of the PERIOD something EXISTS, HAPPENS, OR is being ACTED:done. (anc: 8/0, child: 5)
  • BIG　OF INTENSE SIZE OR DEGREE IN-RELATION-TO a STANDARD, OR IN-RELATION-TO the SIZE of a HUMAN. (anc: 7/0, child: 15)
  • SIZE　QUANTITY of a DIMENSION. (anc: 6/0, child: 2)
  • Novyj objasnitel'nyj Slovar' Sinonimov Russkogo Jazyka ( APRESJAN 2004) p. 673

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 14.34

    • Words (22 items)

    無  wú OC: ma MC: mi̯o 76 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVlogicalin no caseCH
    • vadVtemporalat no time; will never (in generalisations); never (無有 there never are any)
    • vt+V(0)imperativenever!; one should never!CH
    未  wèi OC: mɯds MC: mɨi 63 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • padVnegativenever 未之V也 as a pattern tends to mean "have never Ved it"
    • padVstill notstill not, never so far; at no point so far
    • vadVnever; (henceforward/thenceforward) never
    • vi(0)Never.
    未之有  wèi zhī yǒu OC: mɯds kljɯ ɢʷɯʔ MC: mɨi tɕɨ ɦɨu 19 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Oppos: 鮮/FEW Xī 希/稀 and the more archaic xiǎn 鮮 refers to sparsity of distribution.

      Syntactic words
    • VP.postNPab{S}there has never been such a person/course of events S者未之有也
    • VPt+V[0]has never been V-ed ??
    未嘗  wèi cháng MC: mj+jH dzyang OC: mɯds djaŋ 17 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVemphaticnever at any timeCH
    未始  wèi shǐ MC: mj+jH syiX OC: mɯds lʰɯʔ 16 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVnot ever; never so farCH
    未曾  wèi céng OC: mɯds dzɯɯŋ MC: mɨi dzəŋ 12 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVnever
    曾不  céng bù OC: dzɯɯŋ pɯʔ MC: dzəŋ pi̯ut 11 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • PPadVnever ever; never 曾不知 "I never knew, they never understood"
    固不  gù bù MC: kuH pjut OC: kaas pɯʔ 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVinherently not, certainly not, principially neverLZ
    終不  zhōng bù OC: tjuŋ pɯʔ MC: tɕuŋ pi̯ut 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVintensitivefinally not > never (ever), really not
    罔或  wǎng huò OC: maŋʔ ɡʷɯɯɡ MC: mi̯ɐŋ ɦək 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • PPadVimperativenever; don't ever (cf. 莫)
    不曾  bù céng OC: pɯʔ dzɯɯŋ MC: pi̯ut dzəŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • PPadVnever (in the past), sometimes also: not any more
    无  wú MC: mju OC: ma 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • padV=無 neverCH
    無日  wú rì OC: ma mljiɡ MC: mi̯o ȵit 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVnever
    並不曾  bìng bù céng OC: beeŋʔ pɯʔ dzɯɯŋ MC: beŋ pi̯ut dzəŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • PPadVemphatic: never ever (in the past)
    无所  wú suǒ MC: mju srjoX OC: ma sqraʔ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • PPadVin no way; under no aspect everCH
    不一  bù yī OC: pɯʔ qliɡ MC: pi̯ut ʔit 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNnot even once [NOTE THE SCOPE OF THE NEGATGION, WHICH WOULD APPEAR TO NEGATE AN ADVERBIAL. DISCUSS!]
    未有  wèi yǒu OC: mɯds ɢʷɯʔ MC: mɨi ɦɨu 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNthere has never been a case of N
    驢年  lǘ nián OC: ɡ-ra niin MC: li̯ɤ nen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPadVemphaticin the year of the donkey (which does not exist) > never (ever)
    再不  zài bù OC: tsɯɯs pɯʔ MC: tsəi pi̯ut 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVnever again
    无須臾  wú xū yú MC: mju sju yu OC: ma so lo 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVnever for a single momentCH
    曾莫  céng mò OC: dzɯɯŋ maaɡ MC: dzəŋ mɑk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • PPadVnobody has ever
    都無  dū wú OC: k-laa ma MC: tuo̝ mi̯o 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVforever not > never