GOLD    黃金

MOST EXPENSIVE SOFT METAL. []
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The specific term for gold is huáng jīn 黃金. 2. Jīn 金 "metal" is sometimes used as short for huáng jīn 黃金.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 GEOGRAPHY 29. 銅是一種淡紫紅色或藍綠色的礦石，冶煉後可成青銅。 金，古代最早表示銅的名稱，先秦時既可作單音詞，也可作修飾語；而到漢朝僅作修飾語。 銅，約從春秋末年產生。秦漢之際， “ 銅 ” 作單音詞使用。漢代， “ 銅 ” 又出現了作詞組修飾語的新用法。漢世， “ 銅 ” 成為常用詞，使用頻率遠遠超過 “ 金 ” 。
Modern Chinese Criteria
金 金子 黃金 黃貨 足金 足赤 赤金 純金 鎏 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hypernym
  • METAL　HARD INTENSELY HEAVY SUBSTANCE OFTEN USED FOR PRODUCING ARTEFACTS, TOOLS, AND WEAPONS. [] (anc: 5/0, child: 7)
  • SUBSTANCE　THING NOT SEPARATED into SEPARATE PARTS. (anc: 4/0, child: 28)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 9.64

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 3.1155

  • 中國文化史三百題 ( SANBAITI 1987) p. 318

  • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

  • Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the Other Italic Languages ( DE VAAN 2008) p.

    aurum 'gold' [n.'o] (Lex XII+)

    Derivatives: aureus 'golden, of gold' (Andr.+), aureolus 'id.' (P1.+), aurarius

    'concerned with gold' (P1.+), auratus 'gilded' (P1.+); aurifex/aurufex, -icis 'goldsmith'

    (P1.+).

    • Words (6 items)

    金  jīn OC: krɯm MC: kim 27 Attributions

    Jīn 金 "metal" is sometimes used as short for huáng jīn 黃金.

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 黃/YELLOW
    • Assoc: 銀/SILVER The standard word for silver is yín 銀, but the word is not often used before Warring States times.
    • Assoc: 玉/JADE
    • Oppos: 糞/MANURE The standard term for manure as fertiliser is fèn 糞, hence also the current derived meaning "fertilise" of the word.

      Syntactic words
    • n[adN]golden [objects]CH
    • nmgold =黃金
    • nm[adN]golden [objects]CH
    • nmadNgolden
    • nmadN1.adN2golden
    • nmadNfilled withfilled with gold
    黃金  huáng jīn OC: ɡʷaaŋ krɯm MC: ɦɑŋ kim 16 Attributions

    The specific term for gold is huáng jīn 黃金.

      Syntactic words
    • NPadNgolden
    • NPmgold
    真金  zhēn jīn OC: tjin krɯm MC: tɕin kim 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPmreal gold > gold
    • NPm.adNmade of genuine gold
    紫磨  zǐ mó OC: tseʔ maal MC: tsiɛ mʷɑ 1 Attribution
    • () p. 5650c

      Syntactic words
    • NPgold of the highest quality (post-Han)
    • NPadNmade of fine gold, made of high-quality gold
    黃  huáng OC: ɡʷaaŋ MC: ɦɑŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • v(adN)gold (metal)
    金紫  jīn zǐ OC: krɯm tseʔ MC: kim tsiɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPmgold and vermillion seal ribbons