GRIND  磨磨／研

DESTROY so as to CAUSE to BECOME INTENSELY SMALL PIECES by SQUEEZING INTENSELY BETWEEN FLAT STONES.
CRUSHPOUNDPULVERIZEMILLGRANULATECRUMBLESMASHPRESSTECHNICAL TRITURATECOMMINUTE
Hypernym
  • DESTROYDAMAGE something so as to CAUSE it to CEASE to EXIST.
    • DAMAGECHANGE so as to CAUSE TO BECOME MORE BAD.
      • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2.
        • EVENTREALITY that ARISES in TIME....
See also
  • ENGRAVECUT into METAL, WOOD, OR JADE so as to PRODUCE WRITING OR a BEAUTIFUL PATTERN.
    • POLISHRUB AND SMEAR USING LIQUID so as to CAUSE TO BECOME SMOOTH AND SHINING.
      Old Chinese Criteria
      1. The general term for grinding is mó 磨, which can also refer specifically to polishing a surface of something with stone, sand, etc.

      2. Yán 研 means to reduce to powder by crushing with a hard instrument.

      3. Qiē 切 can refer to the grinding action of one's teeth.



      NB: For the entirely separate meaning "grind and sharpen", see under POLISH:

      Dǐ 砥 refers to sharpening of an artefact with the small and fine whetstone.

      Lì 礪 refers to sharpening of an artefact with the crude type of whetstone.

      Modern Chinese Criteria
      磨 is the general modern word for grinding.

      研 (lit) is a traditional word for grinding.

      擂 refers to pounding something with a pestle.

      打磨 is an informal word for grinding.

      研磨 is the stadard formal word for grinding.

      rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

      • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 5.56

      Attributions by syntactic funtion

      • vtoN : 8
      • vt[oN] : 3
      • vt(oN) : 3
      • VPtoN : 2
      • vadN : 2

      Attributions by text

      • 百喻經 : 5
      • 法言 : 2
      • 賢愚經 : 2
      • 祖堂集 : 2
      • 說苑 : 1
      • 陸機集十一卷 : 1
      • 論語 : 1
      • : 1
      • 臨濟錄 : 1
      • 韓非子 : 1
      • 韓詩外傳 : 1

      Words

      磨  mó OC: maal MC: mʷɑ 11 AttributionsWD

      The general term for grinding is 磨, which can also refer specifically to polishing a surface of something with stone, sand, etc.

        Syntactic words
      • vadNdesigned for grinding
      • vt(oN)grind the contextually determinate object
      • vt[oN]grind grain
      • vt[oN]actpolish (one's skills/understanging)
      • vtoNgrind
      • vtoNfigurativegrind away > (try to) destroy
      擣  dǎo OC: tuuʔ MC: tɑu 2 AttributionsWD

      Dǎo 擣 refers to smashing something by the strikes of a pestle.

        Syntactic words
      • vtoNgrind; pound
      切  qiē, qiè OC: snʰiid MC: tshet 1 AttributionWD

      Qiē 切 can refer to the grinding action of one's teeth.

        Word relations
      • Assoc: 磋/POLISH Cuō 磋 is to transform a rude product by polishing it.

        Syntactic words
      • vadNgnashing (teeth)
      • vtoNgnash (teeth)
      研  yán OC: ŋɡeen MC: ŋen 1 AttributionWD

      Yán 研 means to reduce to powder by crushing with a hard instrument.

        Syntactic words
      • vtoNgrind
      礱  lóng OC: b-rooŋ MC: luŋ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vt(oN)grind the contextually determinate N
      磨卻  mó què OC: maal khaɡ MC: mʷɑ khi̯ɐk 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativegrind away
      砥礪  dǐ zhǐ lì MC: tsyijX ljejH OC: tjilʔ b-radsCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNfigurativepolish upCH

      Existing SW for

      Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database:

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