LEATHER    皮革

SKIN, LACKING FUR, of ANIMALS OFTEN USED to PRODUCE ARTEFACTS.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The general word for leather or hide with fur removed is gé 革. 2. Wéi 韋 refers to softened leather. 3. Kuò 鞹 refers very specifically to the the leather of animals after all fur has been removed.
Modern Chinese Criteria
皮革 皮子 革 皮 韋 皮張 漆皮 紋皮 翻皮 麂皮 牛皮 豬皮 羊皮 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hypernym
  • SKIN　The COMPLEX BODY TISSUE which WRAPS the WHOLE BODY of HUMANS AND ANIMALS. (anc: 6/0, child: 2)
  • BODY TISSUE　IMPORTANT NOT LIQUID SUBSTANCES IN THE BODY. (anc: 5/0, child: 7)
  • SUBSTANCE　THING NOT SEPARATED into SEPARATE PARTS. (anc: 4/0, child: 28)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 6.29

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1626

    革，皮，韋

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 774

    皮，革

    1. WL claims that pi2 皮 refers to fur with hair on, but this is not quite right:

    ZUO Xi 14.4.2 (646 B.C.); Ya2ng Bo2ju4n 348; Wa2ng Sho3uqia1n et al. 246; tr. Legge 162

    虢射曰： Guo2 She4 said,

    「皮之不存， "When the skin has been lost,

    毛將安傅？」 where can you place the hair?"

    The fact is that pi2 皮 refers to the kind of skin on which fur naturally grows. That is quite a different matter. Pi2 ma2o 皮 is there not necessarily a synonym compound:

    ZHUANG 28.1.4 Guo Qingfan 966; Wang Shumin 1118; Fang Yong 778; Chen Guying 744

    冬日衣皮毛， In wintertime I wear skins and furs;

    The opposition is explained again on p. 1626 in a different way!!!

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 91

    • Words (6 items)

    革  gé OC: krɯɯɡ MC: kɣɛk 10 Attributions

    The general word for leather or hide with fur removed is gé 革.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 木/TIMBER Mù 木 is frequently used adjectivally to designate something as made of timber.
    • Assoc: 皮/SKIN The general word is pí 皮 which refers to all aspects of the skin, typically skin of animals with its natural fur.

      Syntactic words
    • nmleather; hide, often with fur removed
    • nmadNleather-armoured
    韋  wéi OC: ɢul MC: ɦɨi 3 Attributions

    Wéi 韋 refers to softened leather.

      Syntactic words
    • nccleather hide; leather belt
    • nmadNmade of softened leather
    皮革  pí gé OC: bral krɯɯɡ MC: biɛ kɣɛk 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPleather of any kind
    靼  dá MC: tat OC: -- 2 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • nadNmade of soft leatherVK
    鞹  kuò OC: khʷaaɡ MC: khɑk 2 Attributions

    Kuò 鞹 refers very specifically to the the leather of animals after all fur has been removed.

      Syntactic words
    • nmraw hide without hair, shorn hide
    • nmadNleather-, made of leather
    皮  pí OC: bral MC: biɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nm(ordinary) leather