FEATURE    特徵

ABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE.
CHARACTERISTICATTRIBUTEQUALITYPROPERTYTRAITHALLMARKTRADEMARKASPECTFACETFACTORINGREDIENTCOMPONENTELEMENTTHEMEPECULIARITYIDIOSYNCRASYQUIRK
Old Chinese Criteria
1. There is no common word for a characteristic, feature, or property of something, but dé 德 and xiàng 象 are words that are used to refer to determining aspects of things. This is one of those terms have neutral descriptive uses versus abstract idealised uses. The list of such concepts is long: 王"king/true king =王者", 君子"gentleman/true gentleman" 道"behaviour/ideal behaviour"，禮 "custom/ideal ritual"，德“feature/ideal feature,virtue". See NATURE 2. Jiān bái 堅白 is an abstract philosophical term which refers to incommensurate features coexisting in a given object.
Modern Chinese Criteria
特徵 特點 特性 特色 風味 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • APPEARANCE　CLEAR:visible BUT SUBJECTIVELY PERCEIVED FEATURES. (anc: 4/0, child: 6)
  • BRIGHT　FEATURE of ISSUING:giving out INTENSE LIGHT. (anc: 4/0, child: 1)
  • BAD　The FEATURE of being NOT EXCELLENT OR GOOD. (anc: 4/0, child: 3)
  • LIGHT　FEATURE which CAUSES THINGS TO BECOME VISIBLE AND LACKING which they are NOT VISIBLE. (anc: 4/0, child: 1)
  • BASIC NATURE　BASIC FEATURE, OR FEATURE EXISTING IN something FROM BIRTH. (anc: 4/0, child: 5)
  • PRINCIPLE　BASIC FEATURE of a DOCTRINE OR A SYSTEM of RULES. (anc: 4/0, child: 4)
  • EXCELLENT　FEATURE BECAUSE of which SOMETHING OR SOMEONE IS OR SHOULD BE PREFERRED to OTHERS (anc: 4/0, child: 11)
  • DEFECT　BAD FEATURE in something GOOD OR LACK of a DESIRED GOOD FEATURE. (anc: 4/0, child: 2)
  • RELATION　FEATURE of TWO OR MORE THINGS TOGETHER. (anc: 4/0, child: 15)
  • GENDER　FEATURE of being MALE OR FEMALE. (anc: 4/0, child: 2)
  • TEMPERATURE　FEATURE of a SUBSTANCE DEFINED by the INTENSITY of MOVEMENT of its ELEMENTS:molecules. [] (anc: 4/0, child: 2)
  • LOGICAL ACCIDENT　Something ABSTRACT which is a FEATURE of a THING BUT NOT a NECESSARY FEATURE. (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
  • NEGATIVE　FEATURE of not being POSITIVE. [] ??????? (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
  • TENDENCY　FEATURE CAUSING a HUMAN, ANIMAL OR THING to ACT in a DEFINED way IN-SO-FAR-AS it is NOT PREVENTED by MORE STRONG CAUSES than this FEATURE. (anc: 4/0, child: 6)
  • DEGREE　FEATURE of MORE or LESS. (anc: 4/0, child: 4)
  • CHARACTER　ENDURING MENTAL FEATURE of a PERSON. (anc: 4/0, child: 1)
  • ESSENCE　BASIC FEATURE. (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
  • TEXTUALITY　ABSTRACT FEATURE OF THE WRITING IN A DOCUMENT. (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
  • TYPICAL　FEATURE WHICH SERVES AS A MODEL FOR THE GENERAL EXPLANATION OR DESCRIPTION of THINGS. (anc: 4/0, child: 0)
Antonym
  • SUBSTANCETHING NOT SEPARATED into SEPARATE PARTS.
See also
  • PROPERTYTHINGS one POSSESSES.
  • CATEGORYABSTRACT CONCEPT REFERRING TYPICALLY to MANY THINGS with RESEMBLING FEATURES.
Hypernym
  • OBJECT　[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to. (anc: 2/0, child: 6)
  • PRIME　 (anc: 1/0, child: 2)
  • 　 (anc: 0/0, child: 0)
  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. I.16

  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. I.344

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 2.334

    EIGENSCHAFT

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

    PROPERTIES, SUBSTANCE AND ATTRIBUTE

  • Quiddities. An Intermittently Philosophical Dictionary ( QUINE 1987) p. 22

    CLASSES VERSUS PROPERTIES

    • Words (34 items)

    德  dé OC: tɯɯɡ MC: tək 20 Attributions

    There is no common word for a characteristic, feature, or property of something, but dé 德 and xiàng 象 are words that are used to refer to determining aspects of things. See NATURE

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-NN=humanpersonal character, moral character; natural characteristic featureCH
    • nab.post-NN=nonhumanthe natural features/potencies (excellence) or an NCH
    • nab.post-npronatural physical featuresCH
    • nab.post-Vnatural feature/endowment of the V kindCH
    • nab[.post-N]N=humanone's natural physical endowment> physical featuresCH
    • nabmetaphysicaltrait; characteristic feature; characteristic powers (of wine etc)
    八十種好  bā shí zhǒng hǎo OC: preed ɡjub tjoŋʔ qhuuʔ MC: pɣɛt dʑip tɕi̯oŋ hɑu 8 Attributions
    • 長阿含經 Cháng Āhán jīng Dīrghāgama Taishō ( LONG AGAMA) p. 12b

    • 佛教語大辭典 Bukkyōgo daijiten Encyclopedic Dictionary of Buddhist Terms ( NAKAMURA) p. 1103c

      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistBUDDH: the 80 auscpicious marks of Buddha (in addition to the major 32 marks, see 三十二大人相)
    • NPadNBUDDH: equipped with the 80 auscpicious marks of Buddha
    形相  xíng xiàng OC: ɡeeŋ sqaŋs MC: ɦeŋ si̯ɐŋ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeatureappearance; form
    堅白  jiān bái OC: kiin braaɡ MC: ken bɣɛk 5 Attributions

    Jiān bái 堅白 is an abstract philosophical term which refers to incommensurate features coexisting in a given object.

      Syntactic words
    • NPab{Nab1&Nab2}figurativethe hard and the white> different but compatible features of things
    如如  rú rú OC: nja nja MC: ȵi̯ɤ ȵi̯ɤ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistBUDDH: Thusness, the way things really are, the ultimate true state of things (see also zhēnrú 真如); skr. tathā, tathatā
    • VPibuddhistBUDDH: be thus, be ultimately true, be in a state of suchness
    天性  tiān xìng OC: lʰiin seŋs MC: then siɛŋ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeatureHeaven- or fate-assigned nature
    真如  zhēn rú OC: tjin nja MC: tɕin ȵi̯ɤ 4 Attributions
    • Studies in the Language of Zu-tang Ji 祖堂集 ( ANDERL 2004C) p. 626, fn. 1863

      zhe1nru2 真如: skr. bhuua-tathataa; tathataa; 'Suchness; all pervading truth'; often used a syn. or near-syn. to terms like ru2ru2 如如, ru2shi2 如實; fa3jie4 法界; fa3xi4ng 法性; shi2ji4 實際, shi2xia1ng 實相; ru2-a2iza1ng 如來臧, fa3she1n 法身, fo2xi4ng 佛性, zi4xi4ng qi1ngji4ng she1n 自性清淨身, yi1xi1n 一心, etc. In early translations often tr. with be3nwu2 本無. Zhe1nru2 is one of the fundamental concepts in Mahaayaana Buddhism, referring to the true nature of all things (wa4n yo3u zhi1 be3nti3 萬有之本體). The term is interpreted in different ways depending on in which scripture and by which school it is used. It often refers to the 'real' nature of things, which is beyond differentation and unchangable, cannot be imagined nor expressed. In China the term and its meaning was vividly discussed and in the sixth century Di4lu4n 地論 school zhe1n-ru2 was associated with the 8th concsiousness, the a1la4iye2 shi2 阿賴耶識 which was considered to be perfectly pure. However, for the Cha2n school the usage of the term in the QIXINLUN was most influential where it is explained as the essense of the mind of sentient beings. For a thorough explanation of the term see in Foguang: 4197a-4199b. In ZTJ zhe1nru2 appears 15 times, ru2ru2 如如 seventeen times: ‘凡聖情盡，體露真性常住。事用不二，即是如如佛。’(then common and holy sentiments are exhausted, then the essence is exposed and the true nature resides permanently. Phenomena and function are the same, that is the Buddha of Suchness.' ZTJ 5.072; WU: 409);

      狸奴白牯卻知有。’何以如此？他卻無如許多般情量，所以喚作如如。 ('Patriarchs and Buddhas do not have any knowledge, but leopards and wild cows (buffalos) on the contrary do have.' Why is that so? They do not have any kind of discriminating thinking therefore they are called '[being in a state of] Suchness'; ZTJ 4.107,02; WU: 351).

    • 大方廣佛華嚴經 Dà fāngguǎng Fó huāyán jīng Avataṃsaka sūtra Taishō ( AVATAMSAKA(A)) p. 426c

    • 佛光大辭典 Fóguāng dàcídiǎn The Foguang Dictionary of Buddhism ( FOGUANG) p. 4197a-4199b

    • The Awakening of Faith - Attributed to Asvaghosha ( HAKEDA 1967) p. 23-24

      "'Suchness' is a synonym of the Absolute, 真如 zhenru [...], which may be translated literally as 'Real Suchness', 'True Suchness', 'the state that is really so', etc.

    • 楞伽阿跋多羅寶經 Léngqié ābáduōluó bǎo jīng Taishō ( LANKA(A)) p. 511a

    • 佛教語大辭典 Bukkyōgo daijiten Encyclopedic Dictionary of Buddhist Terms ( NAKAMURA) p. 785d, 1063a

    • 大乘起信論 Dàshèng qǐxīn lùn Treatise on the Awakening of Faith in the Mahāyāna Taishō ( QIXINLUN(A)) p. 580a, 581a

    • The Lankavatara Sutra ( SUZUKI 1973) p. 405

      'thusness', 'suchness'

      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalBUDDH: Thusness, the way things really are, the true state of things. Truly-So (sometimes concretely referring to dependent co-arising 緣起) (see also zhēnrú 如如); SANSKRIT tathā, tathatā
    地  dì OC: lils MC: di 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturepoints, occasions, aspects
    性  xìng OC: seŋs MC: siɛŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabstandard featureCH
    • nab(.post-N)featureconcrete natural inclinations of a personCH
    • nphysicalstandard physical formCH
    處  chù OC: qhljas MC: tɕhi̯ɤ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabmetaphysicalBuddhist: feature in a thing
    千輻輪相  qiān fú lún xiàng OC: snʰiin pɯɡ ɡ-run sqaŋs MC: tshen puk lʷin si̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPBUDDH: thousand-spoked wheel sign; skr. sahasrāra (one of the 32 auspicious marks of a Buddha; see 三十二相)
    實相  shí xiàng OC: ɢljiɡ sqaŋs MC: ʑit si̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
    • 大智渡論 Dàzhì dù lùn (Mahāprajñāpāramitā śāstra) Taishō ( DAZHIDULUN) p. fasc. 32

    • 大般涅槃經 Dàbān nièpán jīng Mahāparinirvāṇa sūtra Taishō ( NIRVANA(C)) p. fasc. 36

    • 中論 Zhōnglùn Madhyamaka śāstra Taishō ( ZHONGLUN) p. fasc. 3

      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistBUDDH: Real Mark; Real Characteristic (referring to the true nature of dharmas; often used syn. to zhēnrú 真如 'Suchness' and related terms such as 本性 'original nature', zhēnxiàng 真相 'True Mark', fǎxìng 法性 'Dharma-nature', shíjì 實際, wúwéi 無為, wúxiàng 無相, etc.) (according to scriptures such as NIRVANA and DAZHIDULUN the different features of things (such as ice being cold and water being wet) are fundamentally an illusion, and in their true nature is the same (píngděng 平等); however, from the standpoint of the deluded mind, the true equal nature of things cannot be perceived; in the DAZHIDULUN shíxiàng is also equated with kōng 空 'Emptiness', and is regarded as beyong the capacities of thought or verbal expression; the term shíxiàng also plays an important role in the teaching of the Tiāntái School); SANSKRIT dharmatā, bhūta-tathatā
    淨性  jìng xìng OC: skhreeŋ seŋs MC: dziɛŋ siɛŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalpure nature
    • NPadNcharacterised by a pure nature
    者  zhě MC: tsyaeX OC: kljaʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • npro.post-Vwhat is VCH
    為德  wéi dé MC: hjweH tok OC: ɢʷal tɯɯɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpowerful feature or function (for the structure see 為人 "personality" etc.)CH
    隅  yú 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabaspect of a larger wholeLZ
    為馬  wéi mǎ OC: ɢʷal mraaʔ MC: ɦiɛ mɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturehorse-nature cf. 為人 "personality"
    相好  xiàng hǎo OC: sqaŋs qhuuʔ MC: si̯ɐŋ hɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistBUDDH: referring to the 32 major features of a Buddha (see 三十二大人相) and the 80 minor auscpicious marks of a Buddha (see 八十種好)
    為鳥  wéi niǎo MC: hjweH tewX OC: ɢʷal ntɯɯwʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPab.adVby its bird-natureCH
    三十二  sān shí èr OC: saam ɡjub njis MC: sɑm dʑip ȵi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NP{NUM}(+N)buddhistBUDDH: = 三十二相
    品  pǐn OC: phrɯmʔ MC: phim 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturequality
    法  fǎ OC: pab MC: pi̯ɐp 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabmetaphysicalfeature; dharma
    為人  wéi rén MC: hjweH nyin OC: ɢʷal njin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPab[post-N].adVas a basic feature of NVK
    相  xiàng OC: sqaŋs MC: si̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabmetaphysicalBUDDH: feature
    三十二大人相  sān shí èr dà rén rén OC: saam ɡjub njis daads njin sqaŋs MC: sɑm dʑip ȵi dɑi ȵin si̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
    • 菩薩地持經 Púsà dìchí jīng Bodhisatvabhūmi Taishō ( BODHISATTVABHUMI(A)) p. 95a10-24

      provides a list of the features:

      T30n1581_p0955a10云何三十二大人相。一者足下安平。二者足

      T30n1581_p0955a11下千輻輪。三者纖長指。四者傭足跟。五者手

      T30n1581_p0955a12足網縵。六者手足柔軟。七者傭[月*耑]腸如伊尼

      T30n1581_p0955a13延鹿王。八者踝骨不現九者平立手摩膝。十

      T30n1581_p0955a14者馬藏如馬王。十一者身圓滿如尼拘類樹。

      T30n1581_p0955a15十二者身毛上靡。十三者一一毛右旋。十四

      T30n1581_p0955a16者身金色。十五者圓光一尋。十六者皮膚細

      T30n1581_p0955a17軟塵垢不著。十七者兩手兩足兩肩及頸七

      T30n1581_p0955a18處滿。十八者上身如師子。十九者臂肘傭圓。

      T30n1581_p0955a19二十者缺骨滿。二十一者身傭直。二十二者

      T30n1581_p0955a20四十齒。二十三者齒齊密。二十四者齒白淨。

      T30n1581_p0955a21二十五者頰車方如師子。二十六者次第得

      T30n1581_p0955a22上味。二十七者肉髻。二十八者廣長舌。二十

      T30n1581_p0955a23九者梵音聲。三十者目紺色。三十一者眼上

      T30n1581_p0955a24下瞬如牛王。三十二者眉間白毫

      T30n1581_p0955a25八十隨形好者。手足二十爪指手足八處表

      T30n1581_p0955a26�堨首”熀翵熀巨碫麂滫茖漼y。兩腕兩

      T30n1581_p0955a27股兩臀藏相兩圓兩[月*耑]兩脅兩腋兩乳腰背心

      T30n1581_p0955a28臍咽腹悉皆妙好。是名咽已下六十種好。上

      T30n1581_p0955a29下牙齒兩脣兩齗兩頰兩鬢兩眼兩耳兩眉鼻

      T30n1581_p0955b01兩孔額兩角。是名咽已上二十種好

      T30n1581_p0955b02此相好淨心地菩薩始得。後一切地漸勝清

      T30n1581_p0955b03淨。至菩提座乃得快淨。餘四一切種清淨等

      T30n1581_p0955b04不共法。快淨滿足時得下者前菩薩地成就。

      T30n1581_p0955b05從淨心地起一切勝進菩薩一切相好生。又種

      T30n1581_p0955b06種菩提眾具有遠有近。遠者未得相好。近者

      T30n1581_p0955b07已得。造種種業得種種報。世尊教化力故說。

      T30n1581_p0955b08何以故。眾生行種種惡業。得種種惡報。為真

      T30n1581_p0955b09實對治故。說種種相好業。令得種種相好果

      T30n1581_p0955b10報。眾生聞已樂修善法離諸惡業。如相好修

      T30n1581_p0955b11多羅說。菩薩持戒忍辱惠施故。得足下安平

      T30n1581_p0955b12相。供養父母苦惱眾生為作救護故。得足下

      T30n1581_p0955b13輪相。不害眾生無劫盜想。於所尊重先語問

      T30n1581_p0955b14訊合掌恭敬。以愛念財而為供養破諸憍慢

      T30n1581_p0955b15故。得纖長指相。即上得三相業得傭足跟相。

      T30n1581_p0955b16以四攝事攝取眾生故。得手足網縵相。為所

      T30n1581_p0955b17尊重塗身洗浴故。得手足柔軟相。修諸善法

      T30n1581_p0955b18轉進無厭故。得傭[月*耑]腸相。自受正法廣為人

      T30n1581_p0955b19說為法走使故。得踝骨不現相。次第修行三

      T30n1581_p0955b20業清淨瞻病施藥離諸我慢修習知足故。得

      T30n1581_p0955b21平立手摩膝相。見分離者以法和合修習慚

      T30n1581_p0955b22愧施人衣服故。得馬藏相。淨修三業亦教人

      T30n1581_p0955b23修。飲食知量病者施藥。攝受難業集聚難

      T30n1581_p0955b24財。四大增損能令隨順故。得身圓滿相。即

      T30n1581_p0955b25上得傭[月*耑]腸相業。得身毛上靡相自修善法

      T30n1581_p0955b26智慧明達。思惟諸法微細之義。於所尊重樂

      T30n1581_p0955b27修供養。於同住者以善友攝教令入義故。得

      T30n1581_p0955b28一一毛右旋相以上妙衣食車輿瓔珞等嚴

      T30n1581_p0955b29身之具。施於一切不起瞋恚故。得身金色圓

      T30n1581_p0955c01光一尋二相。即上得一一毛右旋相業。得皮

      T30n1581_p0955c02膚柔軟相。等施眾生供設大會故。得七處滿

      T30n1581_p0955c03相。已起未起為作導首。離於我慢柔和其性。

      T30n1581_p0955c04為除不善教以善法故。得上身如師子相。即

      T30n1581_p0955c05上得纖長指相業。得臂肘傭圓缺骨滿身傭

      T30n1581_p0955c06直三相。遠離兩舌壞者和合故。得四十齒

      T30n1581_p0955c07齒齊密二相。修欲界慈思惟法義故。得齒

      T30n1581_p0955c08白淨相。隨眾生求歡喜施與故。得頰車方相。

      T30n1581_p0955c09施勝法味壞諸味者為淨其味故。得次第得

      T30n1581_p0955c10上味相。受持五戒轉以授人常行悲心迴向

      T30n1581_p0955c11大法故。得肉髻廣長舌二相。此肉髻相。無見

      T30n1581_p0955c12頂相。即是一相。常修實語愛語時語如法語

      T30n1581_p0955c13方便說法故。得梵音聲相。普於眾生等行慈

      T30n1581_p0955c14心猶如父母故。得目紺色眼上下瞬二相。見

      T30n1581_p0955c15實德者稱揚讚美故。得眉間白毫相。三十二

      T30n1581_p0955c16相無差別因皆是持戒。何以故。若犯戒者不

      T30n1581_p0955c17得下賤人身。況大人相。如是廣說。一一所得

      T30n1581_p0955c18隨種種業各別建立

    • 大正新修大藏經 Taishō shinshū daizōkyō Revised Edition of the Buddhist Canon in the Taishō Era ( T.) p. 19/951: 230a ff.

      T19n0951_p0230a29(03)如是地樹下畫釋迦牟尼如來。

      T19n0951_p0230b01(08)備三十二大人相八十妙好。身背圓光坐師子座。

      T19n0951_p0230b02(06)結跏趺坐作說法相。目觀一字頂輪王。頂放雜色大光明焰。

      T19n0951_p0230b03(00)當以右手屈上揚掌。

      T19n0951_p0230b04(09)其大拇指與中指頭相捻。餘三指微屈散伸。左手仰左膝上。

      T19n0951_p0230b05(02)施之無畏。佛右側畫普賢菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230b06(07)面目熙怡結跏趺坐。手執白拂。佛左側畫彌勒菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230b07(04)面目熙怡結跏趺坐。手執白拂。

      T19n0951_p0230b08(09)當佛座前右邊畫一字頂輪王。身金色相瞻仰如來。左手執開蓮華。

      T19n0951_p0230b09(00)於花臺上側豎畫一金輪。

      T19n0951_p0230b10(07)右手揚掌身背圓光。當佛座前。左邊畫白傘蓋頂輪王。

      T19n0951_p0230b11(03)身金色相觀一字頂輪王。左手當胸執開蓮華。

      T19n0951_p0230b12(02)於花臺上畫白傘蓋。右手執半開不開蓮華。

      T19n0951_p0230b13(02)身背圓光。又白傘蓋頂輪王後。畫高頂輪王。

      T19n0951_p0230b14(02)身金色相。瞻一字頂輪王。左手執弭惹布羅迦果。

      T19n0951_p0230b15(00)右手執青優缽羅花。身背圓光。

      T19n0951_p0230b16(05)復一字頂輪王後。畫光聚頂輪王。身金色相。

      T19n0951_p0230b17(05)瞻一字頂輪王。左手執開蓮華。於花臺上畫佛心印。

      T19n0951_p0230b18(02)火焰圍繞。右手當胸執如意珠。

      T19n0951_p0230b19(07)身有圓光作種種色。又光聚頂輪王後。畫勝頂輪王。身金色相。

      T19n0951_p0230b20(00)左手執開蓮華。於花臺上直豎畫劍。

      T19n0951_p0230b21(03)右手執如意寶珠。身背圓光。瞻一字頂輪王。

      T19n0951_p0230b22(03)是五頂輪王面目熙怡。身狀莊采一如菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230b23(03)頭冠瓔珞環釧衣服而莊嚴之。

      T19n0951_p0230b24(08)皆半跏趺坐坐白蓮華。又一字頂輪王右。畫主兵神。

      T19n0951_p0230b25(05)面目熙怡瞻一字頂輪王。左手胸側執槊。槊上畫懸繒帶。

      T19n0951_p0230b26(00)右手執金剛杵。身被衣甲半跏趺坐。

      T19n0951_p0230b27(03)又當佛座前右邊。畫觀世音菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230b28(07)身白黃色結跏趺坐。左手胸側執開蓮華。右手揚掌曲躬瞻佛。

      T19n0951_p0230b29(00)又當佛座前左邊。畫金剛密跡主菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230c01(02)身紫赤色結跏趺坐。左手胸側執金剛杵。

      T19n0951_p0230c02(03)右手揚掌曲躬瞻佛。次普賢菩薩後。

      T19n0951_p0230c03(06)畫曼殊室利童子菩薩。左手胸側執開蓮華。

      T19n0951_p0230c04(06)於花臺上豎畫三股金剛杵。右手屈肘仰掌。

      T19n0951_p0230c05(06)以大指中指頭相捻。餘三指微屈散伸。次畫無垢慧菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230c06(01)左執開蓮華。於花臺上豎倒畫螺。

      T19n0951_p0230c07(05)右手屈上側揚於掌。次畫寂靜慧菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230c08(07)左手胸側執金剛杵。右手仰右髀上。次畫無量慧菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230c09(03)左手胸側執開蓮華。於花臺上側豎畫輪。

      T19n0951_p0230c10(04)右手把如意珠。次畫虛空藏菩薩。左手當胸執花。

      T19n0951_p0230c11(02)右手執如意珠仰右髀上。次畫虛空無垢藏菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230c12(00)左手執金剛杵。右手揚掌。次畫大慧菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0230c13(01)左手執開蓮華。於花臺上畫如意珠。火焰圍繞。

      T19n0951_p0230c14(00)右手側內揚掌。

      T19n0951_p0230c15(11)是等菩薩面貌熙怡身金色相。各以寶冠瓔珞鐶釧。種種衣服而莊采之。

      T19n0951_p0230c16(00)坐寶蓮華半跏趺坐。次彌勒菩薩後。

      T19n0951_p0230c17(03)畫佛眼菩薩。面目慈軟仰觀會眾。左手執開蓮華。

      T19n0951_p0230c18(01)於花臺上畫佛心印。於印兩側各畫一眼。

      T19n0951_p0230c19(02)右手把如意珠。次畫佛毫相菩薩。面目慈軟。

      T19n0951_p0230c20(02)左手把開蓮華。於花臺上畫佛毫相印火焰圍繞。

      T19n0951_p0230c21(00)右手虛拳當右脅上。觀一字頂輪王。

      T19n0951_p0230c22(03)次畫如來槊菩薩。面目慈軟。左手當臍。右手把槊。

      T19n0951_p0230c23(01)槊上畫懸繒帶。次畫如來牙菩薩。面目慈軟。

      T19n0951_p0230c24(01)左手執開蓮華。於花臺上畫佛牙印。右手當胸。

      T19n0951_p0230c25(00)次佛眼菩薩座下。畫孫那利大明咒王。

      T19n0951_p0230c26(02)面目慈軟。左手執金剛杵。右手把蓮華目觀如來。

      T19n0951_p0230c27(00)是等菩薩身金色相。各以花冠瓔珞鐶釧。

      T19n0951_p0230c28(01)種種衣服莊采嚴飾。坐寶蓮華半跏趺坐。

      T19n0951_p0230c29(02)又金剛密跡主菩薩後。畫軍吒利金剛童子。

      T19n0951_p0231a01(02)畫金剛將童子。畫善臂金剛童子。

      T19n0951_p0231a02(05)畫姥[束*犬]馱絮迦金剛童子。是四童子身赩赤色。

      T19n0951_p0231a03(04)各執金剛杵顏貌熙怡。俱以花鬘寶瓔珞環釧。

      T19n0951_p0231a04(03)天妙衣服莊采嚴身。坐蓮華座半跏趺坐。

      T19n0951_p0231a05(04)又觀世音菩薩後。畫馬頭觀世音大明咒王。

      T19n0951_p0231a06(04)身赤紫色面目瞋怒。右手胸側豎執鉞斧。

      T19n0951_p0231a07(05)右手屈上把蓮華。蓮葉莖等蛇為瓔珞。

      T19n0951_p0231a08(07)腕著寶釧臂著寶襻。首戴花冠腰著衣服。

      T19n0951_p0231a09(08)坐寶蓮華瞻一字頂輪王。次馬頭觀世音後。畫蓮華孫那利菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0231a10(00)身白黃色顏貌慈軟。右手把罥索。

      T19n0951_p0231a11(04)左手下伸坐蓮華座。次孫那利菩薩後。

      T19n0951_p0231a12(06)畫缽刺拏捨[口*縛]唎神。身青綠色顏貌慈軟。而有四手。

      T19n0951_p0231a13(03)一把罥索。一把鉞斧。一把寶果。一施無畏。

      T19n0951_p0231a14(03)坐蓮華座。次頂輪王左。畫難勝奮怒王。

      T19n0951_p0231a15(05)四面四臂身白色相。示耽肚相。形手臂腳矬象侏儒。

      T19n0951_p0231a16(01)腰畫虎皮蛇為耳璫。德叉迦龍王以為腰繩。

      T19n0951_p0231a17(01)婆修吉龍王以為絡髆。諸惡毒蛇嚴身臂脛。

      T19n0951_p0231a18(01)編髮為冠遍身火焰立赤蓮華上。

      T19n0951_p0231a19(05)右第一手把金剛杵。右第二手以中指無名指小指把拳。

      T19n0951_p0231a20(00)大指押上。頭指直伸屈肘向上。

      T19n0951_p0231a21(05)左第一手把三戟叉。左第二手把鉞斧。

      T19n0951_p0231a22(07)正中大面怒目張口。吐出眾光目觀如來。

      T19n0951_p0231a23(08)右邊側面觀一字頂輪王。左邊側面觀目咒者。

      T19n0951_p0231a24(07)頂上一面觀佛會眾。次奮怒王下。畫地天神。

      T19n0951_p0231a25(07)面目熙怡身白色相。左手當胸把於寶匣。右手屈上掌寶澡罐。

      T19n0951_p0231a26(00)口盡出蓮華枝葉。長跪而坐坐寶地上。

      T19n0951_p0231a27(02)次地天神後。畫熙連禪河神。面目熙怡身靘白色。

      T19n0951_p0231a28(00)合掌恭敬頭上畫七蛇龍頭。

      T19n0951_p0231a29(06)次熙連禪河神後。畫七頭迦里迦龍王。

      T19n0951_p0231b01(08)畫七頭母止鱗馱龍王。長跪而坐瞻仰如來。一捧寶花一捧寶珠。

      T19n0951_p0231b02(00)密跡主是二龍王。已曾供養無量無數。

      T19n0951_p0231b03(02)一切諸佛。又於金剛密跡主菩薩座下。

      T19n0951_p0231b04(04)畫最勝明王金剛菩薩。身赤黃色嚬眉怒目。

      T19n0951_p0231b05(04)眉間一眼狗牙上出。半跏趺坐。右手拄一長刀。

      T19n0951_p0231b06(03)左手當胸執金剛杵。次畫可畏金剛菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0231b07(04)身赤黃色嚬眉怒目。狗牙上出半跏趺坐。

      T19n0951_p0231b08(05)右手拄三戟叉。仰屈左手把獨股金剛杵。

      T19n0951_p0231b09(06)次畫黃眼金剛菩薩。身白黃色面貌熙怡。半跏趺坐。

      T19n0951_p0231b10(03)右手屈肘向內側揚掌。左手伸屈當左脅上。

      T19n0951_p0231b11(03)把開敷蓮華。於花臺上豎畫三股金剛杵。

      T19n0951_p0231b12(04)次畫軍吒利金剛菩薩。八臂三目狗牙上出。

      T19n0951_p0231b13(04)半跏趺坐身作青色。一手把三股金剛杵。

      T19n0951_p0231b14(05)一手執三戟叉。一手把輪。一手把鉞斧。一手施於無畏。

      T19n0951_p0231b15(01)一手把罥索。二手結印。

      T19n0951_p0231b16(08)次後立畫大度底使者。身赤白色面目瞋怒。一手把罥索。

      T19n0951_p0231b17(03)一手當胸豎把鉞斧。又最勝明王金剛菩薩座下。

      T19n0951_p0231b18(01)又畫九頭阿難嚲龍王。畫五頭無熱惱龍王。

      T19n0951_p0231b19(01)畫七頭娑伽羅龍王。各長跪坐瞻仰如來。

      T19n0951_p0231b20(02)一捧寶珠。二捧蓮華。是等龍王面目熙怡。

      T19n0951_p0231b21(03)狀如天神。頭上畫出龍頭。次大慧菩薩左。

      T19n0951_p0231b22(03)畫半拏囉婆枲抳觀世音母菩薩。身白色相。

      T19n0951_p0231b23(03)右手執開蓮華。於花臺上畫如意寶珠。

      T19n0951_p0231b24(05)左手仰左髀上。施於無畏。此觀世音母菩薩座下。

      T19n0951_p0231b25(03)畫多羅菩薩。身白黃色。右手把青優缽羅花。

      T19n0951_p0231b26(03)左手施於無畏。次畫毘俱胝菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0231b27(07)身白紅色三眼四臂。一手把如意寶杖。一手把君持。

      T19n0951_p0231b28(04)一手把數珠。一手把蓮華。次佛毫相菩薩後。

      T19n0951_p0231b29(04)畫摩莫雞金剛母菩薩。身靘白相。右手把般若梵夾。

      T19n0951_p0231c01(00)左手掌寶施之無畏。

      T19n0951_p0231c02(09)身狀顏貌一如般若菩薩。此金剛母乃是一切諸佛菩薩金剛母故。

      T19n0951_p0231c03(00)次金剛母後。畫央俱施金剛菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0231c04(04)右手執金剛杵。左手仰伸髀上。

      T19n0951_p0231c05(09)次畫執金剛拳金剛菩薩。左手當胸執金剛拳印。右手仰伸髀上。

      T19n0951_p0231c06(01)次畫金剛雹金剛菩薩。左手執金剛杵。

      T19n0951_p0231c07(03)右手揚掌。是等金剛面目慈軟具大明咒。

      T19n0951_p0231c08(04)大威德力衛護一切。如是金剛及諸菩薩。

      T19n0951_p0231c09(04)各以冠纓環釧衣服種種莊飾。坐蓮華座半跏趺坐。

      T19n0951_p0231c10(01)菩提樹上及二側邊。畫諸天天子。鼓奏天樂。

      T19n0951_p0231c11(01)及畫八淨居天眾。騰繞樹上各乘去雲。

      T19n0951_p0231c12(02)各手把捧散種種華而供養佛。

      T19n0951_p0231c13(07)次於佛左東北角邊。面畫提頭賴吒天王。左手執槊。

      T19n0951_p0231c14(04)右手側揚掌。次於佛左東南角邊。面畫毘嚕侘迦天王。

      T19n0951_p0231c15(00)左手執槊。右手側揚掌。次於佛右西南角邊。

      T19n0951_p0231c16(00)面畫毘嚕博乞灑天王。左手執槊。

      T19n0951_p0231c17(04)右手掌金剛杵。次於佛右西北角邊。面畫多聞天王。

      T19n0951_p0231c18(01)左手執槊。右手執金剛杵。

      T19n0951_p0231c19(08)是等護世天王各以衣甲被飾莊彩半跏趺坐。

      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistBUDDH: skr. dvātiṃśadvaralakṣana; this refers to the thirty-two marks of a Buddha. According to SOOTHILL: 60 those marks are: "Level feet; thousand spoke wheel sign on feet, long slender fingers, pliant hands and feet; toes and fingers finely webbed, full-sized heels; arched insteps; thighs like a royal stag; hands reaching below the knees; well-retracted male organ; height and stretch of arms equal; every hair-root dark coloured; body hair graceful and curly; golden-hued body; a 10 foot-halo around him; soft smooth skin; the qī chù 七處, i.e. two soles, two palms, two shoulders, and crown well rounded, below the armpits well-filled; lion-shaped body; erect, full shoulders; forty teeth; teeth white even and close; the four canine teeth pure white; lion jawed; saliva improving the taste of all food; tongue long and broad; voice deep and resonant; eyes deep blue; eyelashes like a royal bull; a white ūrṇā or curl between the eyebrows emitting light, an uṣṇiṣa or fleshy protuberance on the crown." (The sources of Soothill's interpretation are: Sān-āng fǎ shù 三藏法數, fasc. 48; DAZHI DULUN 大智度論, fasc. 4; NIRVANA, fasc. 28; MIDDLE AGAMA and the Sān-shí-èr xiāng jīng 三十二相經. Different lists appear in Wúliàng yì jīng 無量意經 and Āhánjīng 阿含經, fasc. 11.)
    固然  gù rán OC: kaas njen MC: kuo̝ ȵiɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeatureinherent nature
    根性  gēn xìng OC: kɯɯn seŋs MC: kən siɛŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalinnate endowments
    致  zhì OC: k-liɡs MC: ʈi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabfeatureinteresting feature, appeal 動容多致 "The appearance had much appeal/charm."(cf. 興致）
    象  xiàng OC: sɢlaŋʔ MC: zi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions

    There is no common word for a characteristic, feature, or property of something, but dé 德 and xiàng 象 are words that are used to refer to determining aspects of things. See NATURE

      Syntactic words
    無垢真如  wú gòu zhēn rú OC: ma kooʔ tjin nja MC: mi̯o ku tɕin ȵi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalBUDDH: untainted Thusness (referring to the state of the Buddha or enlightenment in which the pure state of mind/Buddha-nature is manifest and not tainted by afflictions); SANSKRIT samalā tathatā
    妙好  miào hǎo OC: mews qhuuʔ MC: miɛu hɑu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeatureBUDDH: mystical beautiful features; admirable features
    身相  shēn xiàng OC: qhjin sqaŋs MC: ɕin si̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPBUDDH: extraordinary bodily features
    有垢真如  yǒu gòu zhēn rú OC: ɢʷɯʔ kooʔ tjin nja MC: ɦɨu ku tɕin ȵi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalBUDDH: tainted Thusness (referring to the state of sentient beings whose pure mind/Buddha nature is tainted by afflictions); SANSKRIT samalā tathatā
    一相  yī xiàng OC: qliɡ sqaŋs MC: ʔit si̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
    • The Teachings of the Fourth Ch'an Patriarch Tao-hsin (580-651) Early Ch'an in China and Tibet ( CHAPPELL 1983) p. 107ff.

    • 楞伽師資記 Léngqié shīzī jì Record on the Masters and Disciples of the Lañkāvatāra Taishō ( LENGQIE SHIZI JI) p. 1286c25-26

      "Ultimate reality has a unified form (一相). Fixing your awareness on ultimate reality is called yi1xi2ng sa1nme4i 一行三昧." (tr. CHAPPELL 1983: 107)

      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistBUDDH: one-mark, unified mark, unified form (the feature of realisty which has a unified form; this term is very important for the early Chán School and is based on the 文殊師利所說般若波羅蜜經, T.8/233: 731a)