SEAT    座位坐

PLACE OR FURNITURE FOR SITTING ON.
CHAIRBENCHSTOOLSETTLESTALLPEW(SEATS) SEATING
Old Chinese Criteria
1.. Wèi 位 focusses on the seat as an indicator of a person's status. 2. Xí 席 refers specifically to the physical object, the mat, on which one sat in ancient China. 3. Yán 筵 refers specifically to the mat placed immediately on the floor on which the xí 席 or "sitting mat" in turn was laid out. 4. Zuò 坐 / 座 is used to refer to a seat as such, in a general way, but this usage is not very common.
Modern Chinese Criteria
座位 位子 席位 席 座 上座 上位 首席 首座 下座 下位 末席 末座 末位 鋪位 床位 佛座 蓮座 主位 客位 打橫 雅座 樓座 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • THRONE　SEAT of a RULER. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
Hypernym
  • FURNITURE　ARTEFACTS OFTEN PRODUCED USING TIMBER OR BAMBOO FOR CAUSING ROOMS to BECOME APPROPRIATE DWELLINGS. (anc: 5/0, child: 6)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 327

    524. Etymolog. lib. XX, cap. 11.

    [col. 63D] -- Solium. Serv., ad illud I Aen.: Solioque alte subnixa resedit.

    -- Sedes autem unius. Isidor., proxime citato loco.

    ]

    524. Inter Sedes et thronos. Sedes non tantum unius, sed multorum est. Nam solium unius tantum est, et regum; sedes quibuscunque [ Al., illud cujuscunque] proprium. Solium autem, vel a solius [col. 63A] sessione, vel a soliditate dictum. Solium Latini, Graeci thronum dicunt. Sedes autem dictae, quia apud veteres Romanos non erat usus accumbendi. Unde et consedere antiquo more dicitur. Nam veteres sedentes epulabantur. Postea, ut ait Varro, de Vita populi Romani, viri discumbere coeperunt, mulieres sedere. Quia turpe illis erat discumbere mulierem [ Al., discumbere visum].

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    SEAT

    sedes refers quite generally to a place for sitting.

    sedile refers to artificially prepared seat in any form or shape.

    sella refers specifically to an artificially prepared seat in the form of chair, or a throne.

    scamnum "footstool" refers to a small stool to put one's feet on.

    scabellum a small stool to sit on, of diminutive size.

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 217

    • Words (16 items)

    坐  zuò OC: sɡools MC: dzʷɑ
    座  zuò OC: sɡools MC: dzʷɑ 18 Attributions

    Zuò 坐/座 is used to refer to a seat as such, in a general way, but this usage is not very common.

      Syntactic words
    • nseat on the floor, marked by a mattress or carpet (in the Chan BUDDH. context referring to the seat on an elevated platfrom in the Dharma-hall, used by the master for lectures )
    • n(post-N)seat of honour of the contextually determinate NCH
    • vtoNcausativeassign a seat to; seat somebody
    法座  fǎ zuò OC: pab sɡools MC: pi̯ɐp dzʷɑ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbuddhistBUDDH: dharma-seat (this refers to a platform in the center of the dharma-hall (法堂), used during the lectures of the master; see also 獅子座)
    高座  gāo zuò OC: koow sɡools MC: kɑu dzʷɑ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPelevated seat of honour> Buddhist pulprit
    繩床  shéng chuáng OC: sbljɯŋ sɡraŋ MC: ʑɨŋ ɖʐi̯ɐŋ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPBUDDH: this refers to an elevated platform in the meditation hall where monks sit and perform their meditation. The meditation platform usually streches at the two long sides of the meditation hall
    奧  ào OC: quuɡs MC: ʔɑu 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nseat in the south-west corner of the house, which is the seat of honour with the household shrine
    席  xí OC: sɢljaɡ MC: ziɛk 4 Attributions

    Xí 席 refers specifically to the physical object, the mat, on which one sat in ancient China.

      Syntactic words
    • nmat used as a seat
    床  chuáng OC: sɡraŋ MC: ɖʐi̯ɐŋ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nBUDDH: elevated seat; in Buddhist monasteries elvated platforms used for seated meditation often npost-N
    • nadVon the seat, on the meditation platform
    禪床  chán chuáng OC: djan sɡraŋ MC: dʑiɛn ɖʐi̯ɐŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbuddhistBUDDH: elevated platform or seat used for mediation
    金剛座  jīn gāng zuò OC: krɯm kaaŋ sɡools MC: kim kɑŋ dzʷɑ 2 Attributions
    • 佛光大辭典 Fóguāng dàcídiǎn The Foguang Dictionary of Buddhism ( FOGUANG) p. 3552

      Syntactic words
    • NPbuddhistBUDDH: Diamond Seat; skr. vajrāsana (the seat under the bodhi tree where Buddha reached enlightenment. According to Buddhist cosmology this seat already appeared during the beginnin of the 賢 kalpa, and is situated in the center of all world-systems. At this place all Buddhas are supposed to enter the Diamond samādhi 金剛三昧
    位  wèi OC: ɢrubs MC: ɦi 2 Attributions

    Wèi 位 focusses on the seat as an indicator of a person's status.

      Syntactic words
    • nthe place for a person to sit on, typically a place which indicates the incumbent's status or rank; specifically: ruler's seat
    • nab.post-Nposition of an NCH
    飯床  fàn chuáng OC: bonʔ sɡraŋ MC: bi̯ɐn ɖʐi̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPelevated seat/platform for serving food
    筵  yán OC: lan MC: jiɛn 2 Attributions

    Yán 筵 refers specifically to the mat placed immediately on the floor on which the xí 席 or "sitting mat" in turn was laid out.

      Syntactic words
    • nmat on which the sitting-mat xí 席 was placed.
    • viactgo to one's seat; be seated
    菩提座  pú tí zuò OC: bɯ ɡ-lee sɡools MC: buo̝ dei dzʷɑ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPbuddhistBUDDH: seat of enlightenment, bodhi-seat (originally referring to the place where Buddha Śākyamuni reached enlightenment; more generally: the place where one can reach enlightenment)
    上坐  shàng zuò MC: dzyangX dzwaX OC: ɡljaŋʔ sɡoolʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPseat of honourCH
    坐處  zuò chù OC: sɡoolʔ qhljas MC: dzʷɑ tɕhi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPseat
    獅子座  shī zǐ zuò OC: sril sklɯʔ sɡools MC: ʂi tsɨ dzʷɑ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPBUDDH: lion's seat (this is an alternative name for fǎzuò 法座 dharma-seat, a platform in the center of the dharma-hall fǎtáng 法堂, which is used as seat during the lectures of the master)