POLITE  客氣

Be APPROPRIATELY RESPECTFUL IN ACTING TOWARDS OTHERS.
WELL-MANNEREDCIVILCOURTEOUSMANNERLYRESPECTFULDEFERENTIALWELL-BEHAVEDWELL-BREDGENTLEMANLYLADYLIKEGENTEELGRACIOUSURBANETACTFULDIPLOMATIC. SEE WORD SPECTRUM. ANTONYM RUDE
Antonym
  • ARROGANTPROUD AND TENDING to SHOW DESPISE:contempt IN-RELATION-TO OTHERS. 
    Hypernym
    • RESPECTADMIRE as NOBLE AND SERVE POLITELY.
      • ADMIREAPPRECIATE AND DELIGHT in what one BELIEVES is MORE GOOD IN-RELATION-TO either ONESELF OR IN-RELATION-TO what is COMMON.
        • APPRECIATEBELIEVE INTENSELY that something is EXCELLENT, GOOD AND IMPORTANT. 
          • BELIEVEATTITUDE IN-RELATION-TO a THINK:thought to the effect that this THOUGHT is TRUE....
    See also
    • HUMBLEINFERIOR OR MORE HUMBLE IN-RELATION-TO OTHERS.
      Hyponym
      • YIELD　Be POLITE, USING RITUAL MODERATION AND PERMIT OTHERS to ACT as they DESIRE.
        • ABDICATE　YIELD one's HIGH OFFICE as RULER to ANOTHER, CONFORMING to one's OWN DECISION.X
      • GALLANTRY　COMMENDABLY POLITE TEASING ATTENTION, ESPECIALLY of MEN towards WOMEN, PLAYFULLY PRETENDING SEXUAL INTEREST.
        Modern Chinese Criteria
        客氣

        禮貌

        禮數

        禮路兒

        形跡

        禮

        虛禮

        浮禮兒

        虛套子

        俗套

        虛文

        虛文浮禮

        rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

        • Novyj objasnitel'nyj Slovar' Sinonimov Russkogo Jazyka ( APRESJAN 2004) p. 79; 1285

        • China Handbuch ( FRANKE 1974) p. 1431

        • Historisches Woerterbuch der Rhetorik ( UEDING 1992ff) p. 1.1476

        • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 219ff

        • Histoire des moeurs ( POIRIER 1991) p. 3.702-766

        • Democritus Ridens ( WEBER 1857) p. 8.33

        • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 2.159:112

          CIVILITE.POLITESSE

        • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.13.13

          HONNETE.CIVIL.POLI.GRACIEUX.AFFABLE

        • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 79B

        Words

        禮  lǐ OC: riiʔ MC: lei 4 AttributionsWD

        Lǐ 禮 "treat with proper yielding politeness" is marginal in this group.

          Word relations
        • Assoc: 讓/YIELD The dominant general word referring to yielding politely to others or giving precedence to them is ràng 讓 (ant. líng 陵 "treat without proper respect").

          Syntactic words
        • vt(oN)treat a contextually determinate person with politeness
        賓  bīn OC: pin MC: pin 4 AttributionsWD
          Syntactic words
        • nabactritual polite reception of a distinguished guest
        • v[adN]person who is ritually polite to (the ancestors/deities)
        • vtoNtreat politely as a guest, as honoured guests
        卑讓  bēi ràng OC: pe njaŋs MC: piɛ ȵi̯ɐŋ 2 AttributionsWD
          Syntactic words
        • NPabdispositionpolite deference
        謙卑  qiān bēi OC: khleem pe MC: khem piɛ 2 AttributionsWD
          Syntactic words
        • VPadNhumble
        • VPiactbe self-effacing and polite
        謙  qiān OC: khleem MC: khem 1 AttributionWD
          Syntactic words
        • nabactpolite self-deprecation
        下人  xià rén OC: ɢraas njin MC: ɦɣɛ ȵin 1 AttributionWD
          Syntactic words
        • VPiactbe polite to others
        謙順  qiān shùn MC: khem zywinH OC: khleem ɢjunsCH 1 AttributionWD
          Syntactic words
        • VPibe properly in conformity with polite self-effacing customCH
        修禮  xiū lǐ OC: sqlɯw riiʔ MC: sɨu lei 0 AttributionsWD
          Syntactic words
        • VPt+prep+Ncultivate polite behaviour with respect to; take care to cultivate polite relations with
        遜讓  xùn ràng MC: swonH -- OC: squuns njaŋsCH 0 AttributionsWD
          Syntactic words
        • VPiactbe politely deferentialCH

        Existing SW for

        Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database:

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