MUSICAL INSTRUMENT    樂器八音

TOOLS USED FOR PRODUCING MUSIC.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. Perhaps the most current traditional general term for musical instruments is bā yīn 八音. 2. Jīn shí 金石 refers not only to bells and stone chimes, but can apparently refer more generally and collectively to musical instruments. 3. Zhōng gǔ 鐘鼓 can be used to refer collectively to musical instruments and not specifically to bells and drums only. 4. Yuè 樂 is occasionally used to refer to musical instruments, as in the phrase zhū yuè 諸樂 "the various musical instruments".
Modern Chinese Criteria
樂器 法器 打擊樂器 響器 弦樂器 絲弦 弦索 管弦 絲竹 琴 絲桐 古琴 七弦琴 柳琴 金剛腿 三弦 弦子 二胡 南胡 琵琶 紫檀槽 揚琴 洋琴 打琴 蝴蝶琴 扇面琴 小提琴 梵啞鈴 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • BELL　METAL MUSICAL-INSTRUMENT RESEMBLE:like a BIG CUP which one CAUSES-TO PRODUCE SOUND by BEATING it USING a STICK. (anc: 6/0, child: 0)
  • DRUM　[[A MUSICAL INSTRUMENT of the percussive class, consisting of a hollow cylindrical or hemispherical frame of wood or metal, with a head of tightly stretched membrane at one or both ends, by the striking of which and the resonance of the cavity the sound is produced.]] (anc: 6/0, child: 0)
  • STONE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS　MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCED USING STONE. (anc: 6/0, child: 0)
  • STRING INSTRUMENTS　MUSICAL INSTRUMENT which has STRINGS. (anc: 6/0, child: 0)
  • CYMBAL　 (anc: 6/0, child: 0)
  • WIND INSTRUMENTS　 (anc: 6/0, child: 2)
See also
Hypernym
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • OBJECT　[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to. (anc: 2/0, child: 6)
  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 1966) p. 226

    Musikinstrumente:

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 777

    Musikinstrumente:

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 2.2034

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 283f

    • Words (26 items)

    琴瑟  qín sè OC: ɡrɯm sbriɡ MC: gim ʂɪt 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPmusical instruments (especially string instruments)
    • NPadVinstrumentwith string instruments
    金  jīn OC: krɯm MC: kim 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nnonreferentialmetal instrument: bell etc, beaten as sign of retreat; cymbals
    八音  bā yīn OC: preed qrɯm MC: pɣɛt ʔim 5 Attributions

    Perhaps the most current traditional general term for musical instruments is bā yīn 八音.

      Syntactic words
    • NP{vadN}musical instruments made of the eight materials 金，石，絲，竹，匏（"gourd" e.g. shēng 笙），土，革，木
    弦  xián OC: ɡeen MC: ɦen 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nadVV=actwith string accompanimentCH
    • nnonreferentialstring instruments
    • viactplay string instruments
    鍾鼓  zhōng gǔ OC: tjoŋ kaaʔ MC: tɕi̯oŋ kuo̝ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPadVwith bells and drums
    • NPpluralbells and drums [Note the "homorganic link" between the two words.]
    虡  jù OC: ɡlaʔ MC: gi̯ɤ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nbell frame
    金石  jīn shí OC: krɯm djaɡ MC: kim dʑiɛk 3 Attributions

    Jīn shí 金石 refers not only to bells and stone chimes, but can apparently refer more generally and collectively to musical instruments.

      Syntactic words
    • NP{N1&N2}nonreferentialbells and music stones
    鐘鼓  zhōng gǔ OC: tjoŋ kaaʔ MC: tɕi̯oŋ kuo̝ 2 Attributions

    Zhōng gǔ 鐘鼓 can be used to refer collectively to musical instruments and not specifically to bells and drums only.

      Syntactic words
    • NP{N1&N2}pluralmusical instruments
    柝  tuò OC: kh-laaɡ MC: thɑk 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • n(night-)watchman's rattle
    樂  yuè OC: ŋɡraawɡ MC: ŋɣɔk 2 Attributions

    Yuè 樂 is occasionally used to refer to musical instruments, as in the phrase zhū yuè 諸樂 "the various musical instruments".

      Syntactic words
    • npluralmusical instruments 諸樂
    管籥  guǎn yuè OC: koonʔ lewɡ MC: kʷɑn ji̯ɐk 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP{N1&N2}pluralwind instruments
    金石絲竹  jīn shí sī zhú MC: kim dzyek si trjuwk OC: krɯm djaɡ sɯ tuɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralmetal, stone, string and bamboo instruments of all kindsCH
    鐻  jù MC: kjoH OC: klas 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nwooden musical instrument (embellished with carved beasts)CH
    椌  qiāng OC: khrooŋ MC: khɣɔŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • na hollow wodden instrument of music (which is used to indicate the end of a musical piece ??)
    楬  qià OC: khraad MC: khɣat 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nkind of percussion instrument ?? (used to indicate the beginning of a musical piece ??)
    絲竹管絃  sī zhú guǎn xián MC: si trjuwk kwanX hen OC: sɯ tuɡ koonʔ ɡeen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPmusical instruments of various kindsDS
    伎樂  jì yuè OC: ɡreʔ ŋɡraawɡ MC: giɛ ŋɣɔk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPmusical instruments
    木鐸  mù duó OC: mooɡ laaɡ MC: muk dɑk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPwooden clapper
    銅  tóng OC: looŋ MC: duŋ 0 Attributions

    zhuā tóng

      Syntactic words
    • NPDELETE
    匏  páo OC: bruu MC: bɣɛu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nsome kind of musical instrument
    武  wǔ OC: mbaʔ MC: mi̯o 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nmmartial musical instruments made of metal (LIJI)
    玉  yù OC: ŋɡoɡ MC: ŋi̯ok 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nnonreferentialmusical instrument made of jade, music stones
    相  xiàng OC: sqaŋs MC: si̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nXUN: musical instrument, tambourine? (成相篇)
    節  jié OC: tsiiɡ MC: tset 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nbamboo clappers
    縣  xuán OC: ɢʷeen MC: ɦen 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • npluralsuspended musical instruments
    金絲石竹  jīn sī shí zhú OC: krɯm sɯ djaɡ tuɡ MC: kim sɨ dʑiɛk ʈuk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbells, string instruments, stone instruments and bamboo instruments (flutes)