DEPRESSED  悲痛

INTENSELY SAD AND LACKING HOPE.
SADUNHAPPYMISERABLEGLOOMYGLUMMELANCHOLYDEJECTEDDISCONSOLATEDOWNHEARTEDDOWNCASTDOWNDESPONDENTDISPIRITEDLOWHEAVY-HEARTEDMOROSEDISMALDESOLATETEARFULUPSETINFORMAL BLUEDOWN IN THE DUMPSDOWN IN/AT THE MOUTH
Hypernym
  • SADDISTRESS ARISING from BAD THOUGHTS NOW IN ONE'S MIND which CAUSE one to LACK DELIGHT:joy.NB: The words I have chosen to include in this group pose special problems of contrastive analysis. There is something irretrievably diffuse about their usage, in many cases, and in many others the number of relevant examples in the early literature is so small that it is impossible to get anything like a firm grip on their precise semantics. Under these circumstances I have tried to compensate for lack of neat analysis with more quotation, especially from Chǔcí. Throughout this section I quote my teacher David Hawkes' translations, mindful of the fact that many of these were written in the third year of his study of Chinese...
    • DISTRESSFEELING that one's SELF:own SITUATION IS INTENSELY BAD.
      • FEELINGNATURAL REACTION IN one's MIND.
        • REACTCHANGE one's THINKING OR ACTING BECAUSE one is PERCEIVING something....
See also
  • MELANCHOLYDELIGHT in one's OWN SADNESS IN-RELATION-TO ALL THINGS, this SADNESS LACKING CONCRETE CAUSE, AND being CULTIVATED IN ORDER TO OBTAIN OR SHOW WISDOM:higher-sensitivity.
    • WORRYDISTRESS CAUSED-BY THINKING about something PRESENT OR FUTURE, which is DANGEROUS OR DIFFICULT.
      Modern Chinese Criteria
      悲痛

      哀痛

      沉痛



      痛心

      悲憤

      痛切

      悲切

      慘切

      淒戾

      腸斷

      斷腸

      柔腸百轉

      肝腸寸斷

      肝腸斷絕

      肝腸痛斷

      腸斷魂消

      黯然銷魂

      長歌當哭

      椎心泣血

      痛定思痛

      創巨痛深

      人琴俱亡

      不堪回首

      五內如焚

      五內俱裂

      rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH /

      • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

        HOPELESS

        expes refers to an objective state of being beyond hope.

        desperans refers to the subjective state of urgent desperation.

      • Tolkovo-kombinatornyj slovar' sovremmenogo russkogo jazyka. Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian ( Mel'cuk 1984) p. 533

        otchajanie "despair"

      Words

        bēi MC: pij OC: prɯlCH 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPicontinuativebe morbidly sad and depressedCH
      幽憂之病  yōu yōu zhī bìng OC: qriw qu kljɯ bɢraŋs MC: ʔi̯u ʔɨu tɕɨ bɣaŋ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPdepression
      憂鬱癥  yōu yù zhēng OC: qu qud tɯŋ MC: ʔɨu ʔi̯ut ʈɨŋ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPabpsychdepression

      Existing SW for

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