HESITATE 躊躇不決猶豫
DOUBT HOW one SHOULD ACT AND THEREFORE NOT ACT OR MOVE.
Old Chinese Criteria
2. Chóu chú 躊躇 refers to the physical result of an attitude of hesitation, the lingering in one place, and the indecisiveness of movement, and these forms of action are clearly construed as expressive of the psychological hesitation.
3. Pái huái 徘徊, pánghuáng 彷徨, zhízhú 躑躅, refers primarily to the action of going back and forth, as if in doubt, but the words can occasionally be used, by extension, to refer to the doubt or hesitation itself.
4. Yí 疑 and the much rarer chǐ huí 祗迴 refers primarily to the intellectual aspect of hesitation.
5. Xū 需 refers to hesitation as a permanent characteristic of a person.
6. Rèn 訒 (ant. nìng 佞 "quick-witted eloquence") refers to reticent hesitation in the articulation of what is on one's mind.
Modern Chinese Criteria
猶疑
遲疑
踟躕
躊躇
動搖
徊徨
徘徊
遲回
趑趄
瞻顧 refers to being on one's guard and thus hesitating to act.
瞻前顧後
猶豫不決
踟躕不前
趑趄不前
逡巡不前
狐疑不決
遲疑不決
沉吟不決
依違不決
舉棋不定
欲言又止
首鼠兩端
first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH
- Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien
(
DOEDERLEIN 1840)
p.
HESITATE
cunctari refers to considered hesitation which makes room for due reflection.
haesitare refers to failure to act because of a lack of personal resolution.
cessare refers to failure to continue an action because of lack of physical strength.
- Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum
(
LANGIUS 1631)
p.
CUNCTATIO
MORA
- Lateinische Synonymik
(
MENGE)
p.
95 - Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie
(
RITTER 1971-2007)
p.
1.448 - Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary
(
TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996)
p.
329 - SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse
(
GIRARD 1769)
p.
2.273:183F IRRESOLU.INDECIS; DOUTEUX.INCERTAIN.IRRESOLU
- Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung
(
FRANKE 1989)
p.
59B
Words
徘徊 pái huí OC: bɯɯl ɢuul MC: buo̝i ɦuo̝i 6 AttributionsWD
Pái huái 徘徊, pánghuáng 彷徨, zhízhú 躑躅, refers primarily to the action of going back and forth, as if in doubt, but the words can occasionally be used, by extension, to refer to the doubt or hesitation itself.
- Syntactic words
- vviwalk back and forth in hesitation; occasionally: be plagued by hesitation
- vvi+N{PLACE}move uncertainly about in the place N
- vvifigurativemove in uncertain directions
- vvifigurativebe disorientatedCH
疑 yí OC: ŋɡɯ MC: ŋɨ 5 AttributionsWD
Yí 疑 and the much rarer chǐ huí 祗迴refers primarily to the intellectual aspect of hesitation.
- Syntactic words
- viacthesitate (LIJI); be hesitant; be wavering;
- vpostadVin a half-hearted doubtful mannerCH
- vt+V[0]be hesitant in VERBING 疑行
猶豫 yóu yù OC: k-lu las MC: jɨu ji̯ɤ 4 AttributionsWD
The current general word for psychological hesitation happens to be bisyllabic: yóuyù 猶豫(compare the rare but synonymous yíyóu 夷猶) (ant. guǒ 果 "resolute"), but the word primarily refers to the mental state which brings about hesitation in action, but the diffident behaviour is also included in the meaning of the word.
- Syntactic words
- vviactone of the rare bisyllabic morphemes: hesitate
延佇 yán zhù OC: lan daʔ MC: jiɛn ɖi̯ɤ 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPilinger on; wait in indecision, hesitate, dither
躑躅 zhí zhú OC: deɡ doɡ MC: ɖiɛk ɖi̯ok 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiactbe full of hesitations; (of horses:) stall
- VPifigurativestall, refuse to come forthCH
需 xū OC: sno MC: si̯o 2 AttributionsWD
Xū 需 refers to hesitancy as a permanent characteristic of a person.
- Syntactic words
- nabactproneness to hesitation, lack of firm determination
- vibe hesitant??
躊躇 chóu chú OC: du ɡ-la MC: ɖɨu ɖi̯ɤ 2 AttributionsWD
Chóu chú 躊躇 refers to the physical result of an attitude of hesitation, the lingering in one place, and the indecisiveness of movement, and these forms of action are clearly construed as expressive of the psychological hesitation.
- Syntactic words
- VPiacthesitate; be hesitant; linger on
佪 huí OC: ɢuul MC: ɦuo̝i 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- viactto hesitate
憧 chōng OC: thjoŋ MC: tɕhi̯oŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe hesitating; be undecided (YI); be irresolute
猶 yóu OC: k-lu MC: jɨu 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe hestiating (as if suspicious)
訒 rèn OC: njins MC: ȵin 1 AttributionWD
Rèn 訒 (ant. nìng 佞 "quick-witted eloquence") refers to reticent hesitation in the articulation of what is on one's mind.
- Syntactic words
- vistammer; speak reluctantly; be reticent (in speech)
遲 chí OC: rlil MC: ɖi 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- viactbe slow to act > hesitate
彷徨 páng huáng OC: baaŋ ɡʷaaŋ MC: bɑŋ ɦɑŋ 1 AttributionWD
Pái huái 徘徊, pánghuáng 彷徨, zhízhú 躑躅, refers primarily to the action of going back and forth, as if in doubt, but the words can occasionally be used, by extension, to refer to the doubt or hesitation itself.
- Syntactic words
- vviwalk back and forth in hesitation; occasionally: be plagued by hesitation
- vvifigurativehang around
逡巡 qūn xún MC: tshwin zwin OC: skhlun sɢʷunCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPihesitate diffidentlyCH
蹢䠱 zhí zhú MC: drjek drjowk OC: ɡ-leɡ --CH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiactbe non-decisiveCH
盤桓 pán huán MC: -- hwan OC: baan ɢoonDS 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPihesitateDS
彷 páng OC: baaŋ MC: bɑŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viactwalk irresolutely; hesitate (mostly in comination with huí 徊)
徉 yáng OC: k-laŋ MC: ji̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viactwalk irresolutely, hesitate (CC)
徨 huáng OC: ɡʷaaŋ MC: ɦɑŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viacthesitate (ZHUANG)
淹 yān OC: qrom MC: ʔiɛm 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vitarry, hesitate before moving on.
豫 yù OC: las MC: ji̯ɤ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe hesitant
跱 zhì OC: ɡrlɯʔ MC: ɖɨ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vihesitate, not advance (ZZ)
踟 chí OC: de MC: ɖiɛ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viwalk hesitatingly; hesitate; waver; be undecided
踸 chěn OC: khrlumʔ MC: ʈhim 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viwalk irresolutely ??
蹲 dūn OC: dzuun MC: dzuo̝n 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viacthesitate (ZHUANG)
躇 chú OC: ɡ-la MC: ɖi̯ɤ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viacthesitate; falter; be undecided
躊 chóu OC: du MC: ɖɨu 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viacthesitate, falter (mostly in chóu chú 躊躇 "hesitate")
躑 zhí OC: deɡ MC: ɖiɛk 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viacthesitate (XUN)
夷猶 yí yóu OC: li k-lu MC: ji jɨu 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vvigenerally: hesitate CC
徜徉 cháng yáng OC: djaŋ k-laŋ MC: dʑi̯ɐŋ ji̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vviwalk back and forth in hesitation; occasionally: be plagued by hesitation
徬徨 bàng huáng OC: baaŋs ɡʷaaŋ MC: bɑŋ ɦɑŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe hesitant, irresolute
祗迴 zhī huí OC: tjil ɢuul MC: tɕi ɦuo̝i 0 AttributionsWD
Yí 疑 and the much rarer zhī huí 祗迴refers primarily to the intellectual aspect of hesitation.
- Syntactic words
躑躇 zhí chú OC: deɡ ɡ-la MC: ɖiɛk ɖi̯ɤ
躑躕 zhí chú OC: deɡ do MC: ɖiɛk ɖi̯o 0 AttributionsWD
Pái huái 徘徊, pánghuáng 彷徨, zhíchú 躑躅, refers primarily to the action of going back and forth, as if in doubt, but the words can occasionally be used, by extension, to refer to the doubt or hesitation itself.
- Syntactic words
- vviwalk back and forth in hesitation; occasionally: be plagued by hesitation (also written 躑躕)
遲疑 chí yí OC: rlil ŋɡɯ MC: ɖi ŋɨ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPipost-Han: be indecisive
Existing SW for
Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database:
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