SURPRISED  奇怪異

FEEL that something one EXPERIENCES NOW is STRANGE OR DIFFERENT from what is COMMON.Surprise originating from supriser X, acting on surprisee Y, activated because of the surprising feature Z.
WONDERASTONISHEDAMAZEDASTOUNDEDSTARTLEDSTUNNEDSTAGGEREDNONPLUSSEDSHOCKEDTAKEN ABACKSTUPEFIEDDUMBFOUNDEDDUMBSTRUCKSPEECHLESSTHUNDERSTRUCKCONFOUNDEDSHAKEN UPINFORMAL BOWLED OVERFLABBERGASTEDFLOOREDFLUMMOXED
Hypernym
  • FEELINGNATURAL REACTION IN one's MIND.
    • REACTCHANGE one's THINKING OR ACTING BECAUSE one is PERCEIVING something.
      • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2.
        • EVENTREALITY that ARISES in TIME....
Hyponym
  • EVEN　SURPRISINGLY, EVEN-IF one would NOT have GUESSED, ALSO.
    • WONDER　SURPRISE CAUSING a DESIRE FOR EXPLANATION.
      Old Chinese Criteria
      1. The current general word for being surprised at something is yì 異.

      2. Guài 怪 refers to mild intellectual surprise, and sometimes even philosophical wonder.

      3. Jīng 驚 refers to heightened surprise mixed with astonishment and fear.

      4. È 愕 is a rare rather literary word for stunned astonishment.

      Modern Chinese Criteria
      驚奇

      奇怪

      驚異

      一驚

      詫異

      奇異

      駭異

      稱異 (lit) refers to finding something surprising (without necessarily giving expression to one's surprise)

      納罕

      咋舌

      驚訝

      怪訝

      驚詫

      驚怪

      駭怪

      怪

      異

      奇

      詫

      驚愕

      愕然

      駭然

      大驚小怪

      咋舌

      撟舌

      不禁駭然 refers to frightened astonishment.

      rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

      • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.15

      • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.16

      • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 454

        ADMIRATIO est mentis, effectum videntis causam tamen ignorantis haesitatio, cum spe penetrandi conjuncta. (Affectus est ex Voluptate et desiderio mixtus. Volupe enim est videre rem miram; sed intelligendi eam desiderium titillat animum, grataque reciprocatione cum spe conjuncta jucunditate auget. Concurrit ergo in admiratione

        1. In Objecto magnitudo aut subtilitas rei

        2. In Subjecto, ignorantia causae

        3. In Copia (???), desiderium rem intellectui copulandi.

        583

        MIRARI, aliqvid intente et suspenso inellectu intueri (stupere) ob non inellectam insolentis facti causam.

        Conc. 1. sensus rei novae. 2. Consternatio ob non intellectum. 3. Desiderium cogniscendi. Negato uno tollitur admiratio.

      • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 495

        CONSTERNATIO est animi violenter se ad interiora recipientis vehementior motus. Concurrunt hic 1. res inopinato oblata. 2. Animi ab illa ut ignota ad sua interiora fuga. 3. conseqvensqve exteriorum partium relictio et rigor. [Cf. "astounded".]

      • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

        STUNNED

        attonitus refers to a temporary stunnedness.

        stupens refers to a permanent state of stunnedness.

      • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

        ADMIRATIO

      • Tolkovo-kombinatornyj slovar' sovremmenogo russkogo jazyka. Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian ( Mel'cuk 1984) p. 895ff

      • Dictionnaire explicatif et combinatoire du francais contemporain, vol. I ( Mel'cuk I) p. 104

      • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.231.274

        ETONNEMENT.SURPRISE.CONSTERNATION

      • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.253

      • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 47B

      Words

      怪  guài OC: kruuds MC: kɣɛi 23 AttributionsWD

      Guài 怪 refers to mild intellectual surprise, and sometimes even philosophical wonder.

        Syntactic words
      • nab.tthe finding strange and being surprised by someone; surpriseCH
      • vt(oN)be surprised at the contextually determinate N
      • vt(oS)be surprised because of the contextually determinate situationDS
      • vtoNbe surprised at, be amazed at
      • vtoNPab{S}gradedbe surprised at S, be surprised that S 甚怪
      • vtoNpassivebe marvelled at
      • vtoNputativemarvel at, be surprised at; wonder about
      • vtoSbe surprised at S; be surprised at something as being characterised by S
      • vtt(oN.)+V[0]be amazed at something as being V
      愕然  è rán OC: ŋɡlaaɡ njen MC: ŋɑk ȵiɛn 5 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe stunned; be highly surprised (and scared); be astonished
      驚訝  jīng yà OC: kreŋ ŋɡraas MC: kɣaŋ ŋɣɛ 4 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadVsurprised, with surprise
      • VPibe surprised, puzzled
      • VPichangebecome surprised, get startled
      驚  jīng OC: kreŋ MC: kɣaŋ 3 AttributionsWD

      Jīng 驚 refers to heightened surprise mixed with astonishment and fear.

        Syntactic words
      • vigradedbe astonished (perhaps to be construed as vt-pass)
      • vt(oN)feel stunned at the sight of NCH
      • vtoNcausativecause to be astonished> astonish, amaze
      尤  yóu OC: ɢʷɯ MC: ɦɨu 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vadNsurprising See STRANGE
      • vtoNbe surprised at, find (something) extraordinary
      愕  è OC: ŋɡlaaɡ MC: ŋɑk 2 AttributionsWD

      È 愕 is a rare rather literary word for stunned astonishment.

        Syntactic words
      • vibe highly surprised and scared; be surprised and paralysed by something utterly unexpected
      驚怪  jīng guài OC: kreŋ kruuds MC: kɣaŋ kɣɛi 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt(oN)be astonished, be amazed
      蹴然  zú rán MC: tsjuwk nyen OC: tsuɡ njenCH 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe disconcerted; be stunned; be startledCH
      憮  wǔ OC: maʔ MC: mi̯o 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vi-V{SUFF}.adVin a dazed way
      • viintensitivebe stupefied, taken aback
      訝  yà OC: ŋɡraas MC: ŋɣɛ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vipost-Han: surprised
      • vtoNcausativecause somebody to be surprised > suprise somebody
      不虞  bù yú OC: pɯʔ ŋʷa MC: pi̯ut ŋi̯o 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadNsurprising, unexpected 不虞之患
      • VPadSto my surprise, to one's surprise
      疑怪  yí guài OC: ŋɡɯ kruuds MC: ŋɨ kɣɛi 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe surprised and suspicious
      • VPt(oN)be suspicious about and surprised at the contextually determinate matter
      造然  zào rán OC: skhuuɡs njen MC: tshɑu ȵiɛn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadVsurprised
      驚愕  jīng è OC: kreŋ ŋɡlaaɡ MC: kɣaŋ ŋɑk 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe astonished
      蘧蘧然  qú qú rán MC: gjo gjo nyen OC: njenDS 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadNsurprised; astonished by an unexpected course of eventsDS
      瞲然  xuè rán MC: xwet nyen OC: qhʷliid njenLZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadVwith astonishmentLZ
      異  yì OC: p-lɯɡs MC: jɨ 0 AttributionsWD

      The current general word for being surprised at something

        Syntactic words
      詫  chà OC: phrlaaɡs MC: ʈhɣɛ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vipost-Han: surprised
      憮然  wǔ rán OC: maʔ njen MC: mi̯o ȵiɛn 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadVin a daze; astonished

      Existing SW for

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