BEARD    鬍鬚鬚

HAIR ON FACE.
FACIAL HAIRWHISKERSSTUBBLEFIVE O'CLOCK SHADOWBRISTLESGOATEEIMPERIAL
Old Chinese Criteria
[BASIC/MARGINAL] [COMMON/RARE] [GENERAL/SPECIFIC] 1. The general word is xū 鬚 referring to all kinds of facial hair, but the word cannot refer to hair on the crown. [GENERAL] 2. Rán 髯 refers to long whiskers (and when substantial constitutes a remarkable thing among a people with little facial hair). [SPECIFIC] 3. Liè 鬣 is primarily the mane of a horse and refers to a beard noted for its length. [MARGINAL], [SPECIFIC]; [[RARE]] 4. Zī 髭 "moustache" was a rare word and a rare thing in ancient China. [SPECIFIC]; [[RARE]] NB: Hú 鬍 "beard" is post-Buddhist.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 BODY 37. 鬍鬚，文獻中罕用，多假借作連詞。 鬚，也是口毛的通稱，與 “ 髭 ”“ 髯 ” 對言時特指下巴上的鬍鬚。 髯，面頰耳旁的鬍鬚。 髭，口上鼻下的鬍鬚。 鬍，下巴上的鬍鬚，口語詞。
Modern Chinese Criteria
鬍子 鬍鬚 髭髯 髯 鬚 絡腮鬍子 連鬢鬍子 虯髯 美髯 大鬍子 小鬍子 八字鬍子 山羊鬍子 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
See also
Hypernym
  • HAIR　BODY-TISSUE which GROWS on SKIN, VISIBLY on the TOP of the HEAD of HUMANS, and OTHER PLACES. (anc: 6/0, child: 7)
  • BODY TISSUE　IMPORTANT NOT LIQUID SUBSTANCES IN THE BODY. (anc: 5/0, child: 7)
  • SUBSTANCE　THING NOT SEPARATED into SEPARATE PARTS. (anc: 4/0, child: 28)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 4.142

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 7A

    BEARD

  • 古代文化詞異集類辨考 Gudai wenhua ci yi ji lei bian kao ( HUANG JINGUI 1995) p. 534

  • A Russian-English Collocational Dictionary of the Human Body ( IORDANSKAJA 1996) p. 373

  • A Russian-English Collocational Dictionary of the Human Body ( IORDANSKAJA 1996) p. 8

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    BARBA

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 1.781

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 62ff

  • Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the Other Italic Languages ( DE VAAN 2008) p.

    barba 'beard' [f. a] (P1.+)

    Derivatives: barbatus 'bearded' (Elog.Scip., P1.+), barbula 'little beard' (Lucil.+),

    barbitium 'a growth of beard' (Apul.+); imberbis [adj.] 'beardless' (Lucil.+).

  • Realencyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft ( PAULY 1894-1973) p. 3.30

  • Handwörterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens ( BAECHTHOLD-STAEUBLI 1987) p. 1.930

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 87

    • Words (6 items)

    鬚  xū OC: so MC: si̯o
    須  xū OC: so MC: si̯o 10 Attributions

    The general word is xū 鬚 referring to all kinds of facial hair, but the word cannot refer to hair on the crown. [GENERAL]

      Syntactic words
    • nbeard; whiskers
    髯  rán OC: njam MC: ȵiɛm 2 Attributions

    Rán 髯 refers to long whiskers (and when substantial constitutes a remarkable thing among a people with little facial hair). [SPECIFIC]

      Syntactic words
    • nlong whiskers
    鬣  liè OC: rab MC: liɛp 2 Attributions

    Liè 鬣 is primarily the mane of a horse and refers to a beard noted for its length. [MARGINAL], [SPECIFIC]; [[RARE]]

      Syntactic words
    • nGY: long unruly beard (like the mane of a horse) (the word also refers to hair standing on end, according to SHUOWEN)
    顪  huì OC: qhʷads MC: hi̯ɐi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • ngoat-beard, facial hair on the chin
    髭  zī OC: tse MC: tsiɛ 0 Attributions

    Zī 髭 "moustache" was a rare word and a rare thing in ancient China. [SPECIFIC]; [[RARE]]

      Syntactic words
    • nmoustache
    鬍  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions

    NB: Hú 鬍 "beard" is post-Buddhist.

      Syntactic words
    • npost-Han: moustache or beard