FASTING  持齋齊

AVOID EATING SOME THINGS, CONFORMING to RITUAL FORBID:prohibitions.
EAT NOTHINGABSTAIN FROM FOODREFRAIN FROM EATINGGO WITHOUT FOODGO HUNGRYSTARVE ONESELFGO ON A HUNGER STRIKE
Hypernym
  • AVOIDACT so as to CAUSE ONESELF NOT to ENCOUNTER OR SUFFER something.
    • ACTMOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision.
      • MOVECHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION.
        • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2....
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The standard word for the ritually purifying act of fasting is zhāi 齋.

2. Jiè 戒 can refer to the ritual observance of prohibitions against eating or drinking at certain times.

黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006

SACRIFICE 17.

齋，齊心之意，即祭祀之前或其他重要活動前沐浴別居，清心寡欲，去除雜念，保持心境純一，以示虔誠。

戒，強調的是戒除不當的言行。

Modern Chinese Criteria
持齋

吃齋

齋戒

戒食

禁食

把齋

絕食

打齋

rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 22.26

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    JEJUNIUM

Words

齋  zhāi OC: tsriid MC: ʈʂɣɛi
齊  qí OC: dziil MC: dzei 16 AttributionsWD

The standard word for the ritually purifying act of fasting is zhāi 齋.

    Syntactic words
  • nab.post-V{NUM}fastings
  • nabactspecifically: three day's fast
  • viactto fast
  • viactstart fasting
  • viimperativeyou should fast!
齋戒  zhāi jiè OC: tsriid krɯɯɡs MC: ʈʂɣɛi kɣɛi 6 AttributionsWD
    Syntactic words
  • NPactfast and other prohibitions
  • VPiactfast and observe other prohibitions
戒  jiè OC: krɯɯɡs MC: kɣɛi 1 AttributionWD

Jiè 戒 can refer to the ritual observance of prohibitions against eating or drinking at certain times.

    Syntactic words
  • viactfast (for ten days and zhāi 齋)
枯  kū OC: khaa MC: khuo̝ 1 AttributionWD
    Syntactic words
  • viactrefuse to drink anything, dry oneself out
八關齋戒  bā guān zhāi jiè OC: preed kroon tsriid krɯɯɡs MC: pɣɛt kɣan ʈʂɣɛi kɣɛi 1 AttributionWD
  • 佛光大辭典 Fóguāng dàcídiǎn The Foguang Dictionary of Buddhism ( FOGUANG) p. 317c-318b

    Syntactic words
  • NPactBUDDH: the eight kinds of fasting and other prohibitions; skr.aṣṭanga-samanvvāgatopavāsa; pali aṭṭha%nga-samannāgata, aṭṭha%ngika uposatha (this procedure usually lasts for one day and the candidate has to leave his home for this period; the aim of this exercise is the avoidance of any evil deeds during this period and was especially aimed at lay Buddhist who were provided with the opportunity to 'leave home' for a short period of time and create good conditions for rebirth; the eight prohibitions consist of: (1) not to kill, (2) not to steal, (3) not to engage in licentious acitivities, (4) not to lie, (5) not to drink alcoholic beverages, (6) not to adorn one's body, and not to engage in singing or dancing, (7) not to sit or lie on comfortable seats and beds, (8) not to eat during improper time (i.e. after noon); however, there can also be other sets of prohibitions. These prohibitions are referred to with several Chinese terms, including: 長養律儀, 近住律儀, 八戒, 八支齋戒, 八分齋戒, 八戒齋, 八禁, 八所應離
八禁清淨齋戒  bā jìn qīng jìng zhāi zhāi OC: preed krɯms tsheŋ skhreeŋ tsriid krɯɯɡs MC: pɣɛt kim tshiɛŋ dziɛŋ ʈʂɣɛi kɣɛi 1 AttributionWD

bá jìn qīngjìng zhāijiè

  • 法苑珠林 Fǎyuàn zhūlín Taishō ( FAYUAN ZHULIN) p. 341c

    T53n2122_p0341c13(02)彼摩耶當其夜。白淨飯王言。大王當知。

    T53n2122_p0341c14(03)我從今夜欲受八禁清淨齋戒。所謂不殺生。不偷盜。

    T53n2122_p0341c15(00)不婬劮。不妄語。不飲酒。不兩舌。不惡口。

    T53n2122_p0341c16(01)不無義語。又願不貪欲。不瞋恚。不愚癡。

    T53n2122_p0341c17(03)不生邪見。我當正見。諸眾生等禁戒齋法。我當受持。

    T53n2122_p0341c18(00)我今繫念�痡`勤行。於諸眾生當起慈心。

    T53n2122_p0341c19(01)時淨飯王即報夫人言。心所愛樂隨意而行。

    T53n2122_p0341c20(01)我今亦捨國王之位隨汝所行。而有偈言

    T53n2122_p0341c21(00)　王見菩薩母　　從坐恭敬起

    T53n2122_p0341c22(00)　如母如姊姝　　心不行欲想

  • 佛本行集經 Fóběn xíngjí jīng Abhiniṣkramaṇa sūtra ? Taishō ( FOBEN XINGJI JING) p. 682c

    T03n0190_p0682c15(05)時彼摩耶當其夜。

    T03n0190_p0682c16(03)白淨飯王言。大王當知。我從今夜。

    T03n0190_p0682c17(07)欲受八禁清淨齋戒。所謂不殺生。不偷盜。不婬逸。不妄語。

    T03n0190_p0682c18(01)不兩舌。不惡口。不無義語。又願。不貪。不瞋恚。

    T03n0190_p0682c19(00)不愚癡。不生邪見。我當正見。

    T03n0190_p0682c20(06)諸如是等禁戒齋法。我當受持。我今繫念。�痡`懃行。

    T03n0190_p0682c21(02)於諸眾生。當起慈心

    T03n0190_p0682c22(00)時淨飯王。即報摩耶大夫人言。如夫人心。

    T03n0190_p0682c23(01)所愛樂者。隨意而行。我今亦捨國王之位。

    T03n0190_p0682c24(02)隨汝所行。而有偈說

    T03n0190_p0682c25(00)　王見菩薩母　　從座恭敬起

    T03n0190_p0682c26(00)　如母如姊妹　　心不行欲想

    Syntactic words
  • NPactBUDDH: the eight kinds of pure activities such as fasting and other prohibitions (this term is rare and appears in the FOBEN XINGJI JING); see the more current 八關齋戒
齊  qí MC: dzej OC: dziilCH 1 AttributionWD
    Syntactic words
  • viloan for zhai1 齋：fast (as in 齋戒)CH
齊戒  qí jiè MC: dzej keajH OC: dziil krɯɯɡsCH 1 AttributionWD
    Syntactic words
  • VPiconduct fasting and following of religious prohibitionsCH
宿齋  sù zhāi MC: sjuwk tsreaj  OC: suɡ tsriid CH 1 AttributionWD
    Syntactic words
  • VPiactconduct preparatory fasting before an important ritual actCH
避榖  bì gǔ OC: beɡs kooɡ MC: biɛ kuk 0 AttributionsWD
    Syntactic words
  • VPiactavoid eating grain

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